Emphinjeni, omncane emphinjeni: Izimbangela, Izimpawu kanye Ukwelashwa

Stenosis, noma omncane emphinjeni, - nokuncipha ubukhulu bayo. Kungaba etymology ezahlukene. Stenosis, futhi ibizwa nangokuthi i ukuvimbela emphinjeni, zihlukaniswe amaqembu amaningana, okuyinto kuxhomeke izimbangela zesifo. Lesi sifo ingaqala ngenxa yokulimala yokusetshenziswa pheshana emathunjini. Ezicashile zokugula angase alale isimila emphinjeni (ingozi noma abulalayo). Kushiya ukuthuthukiswa lesi sifo can kokungenela kuhlinzwa, ngemva kwalokho AMANXEBA ahlale. Kokubili abadala kanye nezingane kungenteka uhlushwe emphinjeni. ukuvaleka emphinjeni ngokuvamile kubangela kokunikezwa kwe-umsebenzi ukugwinya (dysphagia).

Uyini ukuvaleka emphinjeni

Ukuze siqonde ukuthi kuyinto zokugula, kufanele ucabangele isakhiwo yokwakheka. Kuyini emphinjeni evamile? omncane emphinjeni siyohlale zokugula? Ake siphenye.

Emphinjeni kuyingxenye isimiso sokugaya ukudla bungene. Yena wenza the human kwendikimba ukukhuthazwa ukudla okuvela emlonyeni endaweni esiswini. Emphinjeni enempilo nakho ngempela olugcwele, okuyinto ungagxambukeli ekunyusweni ukudla.

imikhawulo yokwakheka 3 behlukaniswe

• pharyngeal;
• diaphragmatic;
• bronchial.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona ukuvaleka bokuphila emphinjeni. Basuke kubangelwa ithoni ijwabu kwemisipha. Kwathi sizipholele umkhawulo zinyamalale.

ukuthi akuphi:

• e ngomphimbo bese esiswini okuhlangana zone;
• ezimpambanweni zomgwaqo le-aorta ne emphinjeni.

Pathology - kuyinto ukuvaleka ngokweqile ukuthi kuphazamisa indima uquqaba ukudla.

Izimbangela zesifo

Stenosis kuyinto zezinhlobo ezimbili:

• zigqila;
• azalwa naso.

Ngo-90% kuzo zonke izimo uxilongwe zokugula aluthola of etymology ezahlukene.

Imithombo yesifo azalwa naso

Lezi ziguli uhlushwa lokuzalwa emphinjeni. ukuvaleka emphinjeni sitholakale, ngokuvamile ekuqaleni kuka ebuntwaneni. stenosis azalwa naso kwenzeka esikhathini yentuthuko umbungu bekufike isikhathi sokubeletha.

Ziyini izimbangela eziyinhloko zalokhu lokhu zokugula yilezi:

1. Ukuchayeka izinto eziyingozi wokuthi umama okhulelwe. Household amakhemikhali, uphethiloli, udayi ukuwela umzimba wentombi, ezithinta ukuthuthukiswa umbungu futhi zibangele kwezinso.
2. -X-ray ngemisebe. Njalo yokuchayeka emisebeni ye futhi kubangela ukuhlukahluka mutational emzimbeni. Yingakho Abesifazane abakhulelwe sebekubeke esiphikisayo -X-ray nokuhlolwa.
3. Ukuze lokuchezuka ingabagulisa ezihlukahlukene nezifo. Lokhu amagciwane (isib rubella), ama-bacterium lenyama.

Izimbangela zezifo atholwe

Pathology ingaqala beseyizingane, kwathi lapho isikhulile ngokwanele. stenosis Kutholiwe kungenzeka ngenxa yezizathu eziningana. Uyakwazi ukuzibonakalisa kuleli pathologies awuwona yini ongelutho kunayo ezithinta emphinjeni.

ukuvaleka emphinjeni kwakuyinto eyayenzeka njalo ngenxa izilonda. Ngemva kwalokho, lezi ukuguguleka uqale zarubtsovyvatsya. Izindawo lapho akhiwa izibazi, kakhulu sibi encishisiwe, ngenxa ukudla ngeke sebehamba ngokukhululeka besuka ezweni. inqubo enjalo ingase umsuka egunjini lokuhlolwa kwezifo. Kulokhu, ukuxilonga ukuvaleka cicatricial we emphinjeni.

Izilonda bungase bubangelwe lezi zinto ezilandelayo:

• Axial hernia hiatal ;
• kolwelwesi chronic isilonda esiswini;
• toxemia ngesikhathi bekhulelwe, okube sihambisana reflex Gag;
• gastroesophageal isifo Reflux ;
• nezibazi odongeni ngomphimbo emva kokuhlinzwa;
• kokunikezwa kwe-mucosa.

Stenosis kungabangela ukuvuvukala emphinjeni kubangelwa Ukungena ukutheleleka. Pathology ingaqala ku isizinda ugcunsula, scarlet fever, isifo sofuba kanye idiphtheria.

Ukulimala, ezifana ukusha zamakhemikhali noma ezishisayo we emphinjeni, izindonga amathuluzi ezilimele noma ezinye izinto ezingase kube imbangela yalesi sifo. Ukwephulwa singenzeka ngisho noma ngendlela engafanele kumba yokusetshenziswa pheshana emathunjini. ezishile ngomphimbo kudinga ukwelashwa okufanele futhi ifike ngesikhathi. Uma kungenjalo, kungaholela ukuvaleka.

Okuningi mancane amathuba izici ezinomthelela ukuvaleka emphinjeni, yilezi:

• ohlasela;
• ukwelashwa ngemisebe;
• collagen;
• Sclerotherapy of varicose emithanjeni.

Umkhawulo kungenzeka nje isuke ibangelwa ukubukeka izimila. Ngeshwa, umdlavuza ngomphimbo - kuyinto zokugula ezivamile. Nokho, kunzima kakhulu ukuyelapha.

Pathology futhi kuphakama ngenxa yezizathu yokulimala nezifo ukuthi musa kuthinte emphinjeni. It useshonile yomthambo i-aorta, lakhulisiwe lymph node, isimila mediastinal, indawo okungalungile imithambo.

degree of ukuthuthukiswa

Kunezigaba ezine asathuthuka lesi sifo:

1. Izinga lokuqala stenosis. belashwa Kalula, inqobo kokubonisana ngokushesha nge-gastroenterologist. Kulesi sigaba, ububanzi we kuqhoqhoqho kuyehla kube 9 mm. kudlule, kodwa nobunzima uquqaba Ukudla.
2. Okwesibili degree - emphinjeni unciphise ukuba 6 mm.
3. Izinga wesithathu ukuvaleka emphinjeni kwenzeka ukuba 3 mm.
4. Izinga lesine - ukuvaleka we kuqhoqhoqho ukuze 1 mm kwenza ukugula ezibucayi. Kulesi sigaba ukudla isifo washisa hhayi kugaywe umzimba futhi stagnates emathunjini, ekugcineni ithola sezinyawo kuyiphi ubuthi akhiwa, ezithinta umzimba womuntu. Ngisho noma kugwinywe ngamathe umuntu kokuziklinya on amajaqamba, Ukuphelelwa nokuhlasela ukhwehlela.

Izimpawu sici

A uphawu okuvela stenosis ngokuyinhloko ukuhlukumeza yenqubo ukugwinya.

Ezinye izimpawu ezingaqondile, ukuthi ukhombise ukuvaleka emphinjeni:

1. Regurgitation ubisi nestvorozhennogo ezisanda kuzalwa. Uma ubisi akusho curdle, ngakho-ke akakwazanga ukungena esiswini. ukuvaleka azalwa naso we kuqhoqhoqho kungenzeka kakade ngesikhathi ukufakwa yokudla equkethe particulates. Kulokhu, ingane enqaba ukudla, ukubhodla njalo, yena unalo reflex Gag.
2. Ngo amadala kukhona esifubeni ubuhlungu ukuthi kwenzeka ngenxa yezingcindezi imisipha emphinjeni uma uzama push ukudla ngokusebenzisa constriction, esiswini.
3. amathe ngokweqile (nokugxaza amathe) - yokusabela kuya mass zokudla buthelela emphinjeni, ngaphandle kokuba akwazi ukuyidlulisela esiswini.
4. Ukucanuzela kwenhliziyo nokuhlanza.
5. Kwemihlambi umthamo omkhulu isikhwehlela kusukela ekhaleni.
6. Ukwehla okungazelelwe isisindo okubangelwa ukuphazamiseka e ukugaya, ukungakwazi ukudlula ukudla ngokusebenzisa kuqhoqhoqho kanye hit yakhe esiswini. Uma lesi simo beriberi. cachexia (emaciation zomzimba) angagcina yokugula okunzima.

Stenosis kungenziwa nzima nenyumoniya. Ngokuvamile, kule isimo yomoya uthole ibhithi ukudla. Ngenxa yalokho, lesi sifo ongase aphathwe yisifo ukuvuvukala okunzima emphinjeni, futhi kuze kubangele ukuba ukudabuka ukopha. yezinkinga okunjalo ezidinga ukuthi kungenelelwe kokulashwa okusheshayo.

izindlela ukuxilongwa

izindlela ezimbili ezisetshenziswa ukusungula ukuvaleka emphinjeni:

1. Endoscopy. Lolu cwaningo lisinikeza olugcwele ubukhulu. Uma stricture ngomphimbo kwakhiwa (nezibazi), khona-ke lolu hlolo ngempela ulwazi. It ikuvumela ukuba zibukeke ukuhlola mucosa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, biopsy kwenziwa.
2. -X-ray. Ikhishwa iqhaza barium yombala. Yembula ngokugcwalisa ukukhubazeka, ulandelela umzimba okungafani.

ukudla engavumelekile

Kunoma yisiphi isigaba stenosis, qiniseka unamathele ukudla. Udinga ukudla wamaqhuzu, izingxenye ezincane futhi ngokuvamile. Kusukela Ukudla ukuba ngakususi konke ukudla kungabangela nenkinga yokugwinya futhi ngaleyo ndlela zibangele yokungawutholi umoya.

Ungadli ukudla okushisayo, kufanele lizwakale linemfudumalo. Ukuvumelana izitsha - ketshezi, Semi-liquid noma soft. Kulokhu, umzimba kumele zithole zonke kunesidingo amavithamini yokudla okunempilo kanye namaminerali.

ukuphathwa isifo

Yini zokwelapha ziya Kunconywa iziguli uxilongwe ukuvaleka emphinjeni? Ukwelapha pathologies - ukwelula endaweni ezilimele.

Kubalulekile ngeke akukhohlwe Ukudla. Kuze yokutakula, udinga ukudla liquid-semi ketshezi kuphela.

Uma kukhona stricture peptic we emphinjeni, isiguli libonisa antacid namanxusa esibophezelayo.

Nokho, ukwelashwa ngoludala akuvamile kuholela ukuqedela yokutakula. Ivame ukutholakala engabelwe wokulungiselela nesineke ukuhlinzwa.

Bougienage (isandiso yokufakelwa esebenzisa amadivayisi ezikhethekile) asetshenziswa uma kwenzeka ukuthi athola isimila ingozi ka emphinjeni. Phakathi ukwelashwa usayizi bougie Kwadlula kancane kancane washintsha umuntu emikhulu.

Esimeni ngenxa yezinkinga esikhulu gastrostomy ukuhlinzeka iziguli umsoco ofanele kungenzeka.

Esophagoplasty - a wamathumbu ukufakelwa endaweni noma esiswini emphinjeni.

Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, lapho umzimba kakhulu ukhathele, noma ukuqhuba eyohlinzwa akunakwenzeka, wenziwa gastrostomy. Kulokhu, umzimba uyakwazi bondliwe enterally.

ekuvimbeleni izifo

Umthelela ukwelashwa incike ukuvaleka emphinjeni ka Timiso zokwelapha. Resection ka stenting ngomphimbo bese ezibhekwa izindlela ezingcono ukwelapha lesi sifo.

Ngemva bougienage futhi Endoscopy bangezwa ngangibuye ngihluleke.

Ukuvimbela stenosis kuhilela olusheshayo lapho izimpawu zokuqala zesifo.

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukubhekana izifo ukuthi kungabangela ukuvaleka emphinjeni. ukugwema ngokucophelela ukuchayeka emphinjeni amakhemikhali kanye nezinye izinto eziyingozi. Vimbela emphinjeni kusukela yokushayiswa lezinto angaphandle.