Emelana nokubanda enhlanzini yasezindaweni - Kuyini? Umbala emelana nokubanda enhlanzini yasezindaweni Ukushisa izinhlelo

Kuze kube yimanje, emelana nokubanda enhlanzini yasezindaweni kuyingxenye ebalulekile zonke imoto yesimanje. Kuyinto lolu ketshezi inomsebenzi we ukupholisa injini yemota, kanye kufeza indima ethile emsebenzini ehlelekile Ukushisa izinhlelo. Ukubaluleka kokuba emelana nokubanda enhlanzini yasezindaweni ufana khona amafutha engine, ngoba kuzo zombili izimo, ukungabi bikho kokukhanya lokhu noma lokhuya ketshezi nakanjani kuyoholela umonakalo futhi okweqile of motor imoto. Futhi namhlanje, sikhokha isihloko ehlukile esibalulekile ezinjalo, njengoba emelana nokubanda enhlanzini yasezindaweni.

Kuyini lokhu?

Emelana nokubanda enhlanzini yasezindaweni uketshezi, esakhiwa elisekela glycolic (kungase propylene noma ethylene glycol), kanye izithasiselo eziningana. I last imisebenzi eminingana - ukugqwala, eliletha ukuthula futhi avala. Kukodwa glycol ethylene antifreezing isixazululo aqueous kokuba iphuzu ukubila mayelana 200 degrees Celsius. Liquid ngesisekelo lesi uvele emhlabeni eminyakeni engaba ngu-80 edlule. Lwakhiwe nge BASF futhi yabizwa ngokuthi "noma glysantine" (emelana nokubanda enhlanzini yasezindaweni Ukushisa kanye lwaluyophola yangaphakathi omlilo injini). igama ezinjalo namanje esetshenziswa BASF kwilebula imikhiqizo yabo coolants.

Umehluko phakathi emelana nokubanda enhlanzini yasezindaweni futhi emelana nokubanda enhlanzini yasezindaweni

Muva nje ngiye olwenziwa eziningi mpikiswano phezu kanjani izindlela engcono ugcwalise wapheka - emelana nokubanda enhlanzini yasezindaweni noma emelana nokubanda enhlanzini yasezindaweni. Ukuze sithole impendulo yeqiniso, sichaza konke ukuze. Ngakho emelana nokubanda enhlanzini yasezindaweni. Umqondo "emelana nokubanda enhlanzini yasezindaweni", okuyinto elihunyushwe English kuzwakala "ice-free" Sekuyisikhathi eside esetshenziswa ukuze ubheke uketshezi ezikhiqizwa e-US naseYurophu. Emelana nokubanda enhlanzini yasezindaweni - kuyafana ukuthi we emelana nokubanda enhlanzini yasezindaweni. Umehluko nje itholakala lokuthi ukuthi kukhiqizwa kuphela emazweni ayeyingxenye ye-USSR. Yileyo emelana nokubanda enhlanzini yasezindaweni - kungashiwo, Nokho, le emelana nokubanda enhlanzini yasezindaweni isiRashiya, wabonakala kuphela ekuseni 70-yalolucwaningo kwekhulu elidlule.

umbala

Manje ezitolo auto waqala ukukhulula emelana nokubanda enhlanzini yasezindaweni oluhlaza ngisho tebhu orange. Kuyini lokhu? Eqinisweni kuba emelana nokubanda enhlanzini yasezindaweni efanayo, kuphela udayi. Uma abakhiqizi ezifuywayo ukupenda imikhiqizo yabo endaweni eyodwa, luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka-blue, izinkampani zaphesheya ukukhiqiza emelana nokubanda enhlanzini yasezindaweni ezahlukene (ophuzi, obomvu, nokunye). ngezinye izikhathi Ukuhlukahluka okunjalo engena stupor abanikazi imoto ekukhetheni uketshezi efanelekayo. Eqinisweni, umehluko omkhulu phakathi emelana nokubanda enhlanzini yasezindaweni anemibala akuyona. Bonke kuhluke kuphela isibalo udayi zitholakale ngaphakathi. Ngakho, umbala emelana nokubanda enhlanzini yasezindaweni kuphela izinkampani amacebo okuthengisa ongawacabanga. Bazama zidonse ukunaka kwanoma inqwaba abathengi ukuba egqamile futhi 'engavamile' coolants ngale ndlela. Emelana nokubanda enhlanzini yasezindaweni ukushisisa wapheka, kungaba blue noma oluhlaza, kuyinto ebaluleke ngokulinganayo ngoba imoto.

Ngingaba uhlanganise kokupholisayo lemikhiqizo ezahlukene kanye abakhiqizi?

Impendulo yalo mbuzo kuyadida. Yiqiniso, abashayeli abaningi bamangala ukuze abone ukuthi umuntu umkhiqizo emelana nokubanda enhlanzini yasezindaweni kungenziwa buhlanjululwe nomunye ketshezi. Zingamashumi ngokwengxenye kwesokudla. Emelana nokubanda enhlanzini yasezindaweni ukuxubana kuphela azuzwe lapho kokubili izinto abe namaswidi alingana kwezithako. izinkampani ezahlukene zisebenzisa izithasiselo ezahlukene imikhiqizo yabo, ngakho musa njalo like ketshezi kuyoba iyahambisana nomunye. umbala emelana nokubanda enhlanzini yasezindaweni akunandaba lapha. Yebo, ethylene glycol emelana nokubanda enhlanzini yasezindaweni wonke umuntu ukwakheka efanayo. Hlanganisa kungaba kunoma iyiphi enkulu. Kodwa nge izithasiselo ka isimo ohluke ngokuphelele. Abanye, kuye ngokuthi umenzi, kungenzeka compounds wezinto ezingaphili (phosphate, Amine, futhi boron nitride), omunye - isizukulwane esisha zamakhemikhali. Ngakho-ke, lapho yokuxhuma zonke lezi izinto, indawo yezihlanganisi futhi antirust izakhiwo, okuyinto Ngaphambilini kokupholisayo ziwohloka izikhathi eziningana. Isiphetho kusukela lena eyodwa kuphela - ukuxuba emelana nokubanda enhlanzini yasezindaweni ezahlukene ngaphandle kokufunda ukubunjwa izithasiselo is hhayi Kunconywa. Ngale kwalokho lokhu kuzoholela okweqile njalo, futhi nalokhu, ukuze wehlise ukuphila inkonzo motor futhi bafudumale izinhlelo.

Kanjani hhayi ukuthenga mbumbulu?

Ngeshwa, futhi eRussia, futhi eYurophu asikho isimo esisodwa ukuthi kwakuyoba lokulawula ukuphila we kokupholisayo. Ngamanye amazwi, isitifiketi anti-nqabela akuyona impoqo. Ngakho-ke, ukuze anqume ukuthi eliphezulu emelana nokubanda enhlanzini yasezindaweni noma umkhohlisi, akukho ucwaningo ekhethekile akunakwenzeka.

Nokho, akubona bonke ngakho esingenathemba. Nciphisa ingozi mbumbulu can ukuthenga, inqobo nje izimpahla aye akhethwa ngendlela efanele. Lapho uthenga emelana nokubanda enhlanzini yasezindaweni kufanele sinake lezi zici:

1. Indawo sokuthenga. Uma uthenga izimpahla ezitolo ezikhethekile, kunobungozi ukuthola mbumbulu encishisiwe kakhulu. Khumbula ukuthi yaziwe kahle emzini (region), kuleli qophelo, cishe ukuze bazithole umkhonyovu. izitolo ezinjalo ngempela ihlolwe ngaphandle kwemibandela ukunikeza wonke amadokhumenti kanye nezitifiketi izinga zilethwe maphilisi.
2. Ulwazi ilebula. Lapho ekhetha, funda umbhalo ilebula. On the ibhokisana lokugcina itiye noma ikhofi kanye eliphezulu emelana nokubanda enhlanzini yasezindaweni njalo eziphawuleka inani TU nomklami ejwayelekile. Kugcine ngokuvamile kwenzeka kule ukungenisa emelana nokubanda enhlanzini yasezindaweni. Kufanele sibheke usuku lokuphelelwa yisikhathi kanye usuku ukwakhiwa kwezimpahla. Futhi ekugcineni, siphawula ukuthi bonke abakhiqizi seqiniso njalo ibonisa kwilebula izixhumanisi kanye nekheli. Uma emelana nokubanda enhlanzini yasezindaweni akuyona sha umenzi kanye ne ulahlekile idatha Ukucaciswa, khona-ke elachithwa igalaji indlela, okungukuthi mbumbulu.
3. Izindleko. Kuyaqondakala emelana nokubanda enhlanzini yasezindaweni, lapho kungenziwa ngemali intengo efanayo ngokuya umthamo lamanzi esiphethu, akuyona neze imfanelo. Kodwa futhi eqolo ukuthenga emelana nokubanda enhlanzini yasezindaweni akudingekile. Kungcono ukuba anamathele 'segolide kusho "Isimiso, kahle, ngangokunokwenzeka ukuthola izibuyekezo ku-intanethi ngale umakhi. Kungenjalo emelana nokubanda enhlanzini yasezindaweni imoto bafudumale izinhlelo ngeke nilingenise noma yikuphi okuhle. Motor siyohlale ebilayo, futhi kuhhavini ukusuthisa emoyeni aqandayo.

Ukuxuba uwoyela emelana nokubanda enhlanzini yasezindaweni

Kube amafutha emelana nokubanda enhlanzini yasezindaweni. Yini okumelwe uyenze? Ngokuvamile, lokhu mkhuba ivelakancane e ukungenisa lasezindlini izimoto (ngokuvamile emelana nokubanda enhlanzini yasezindaweni nje "igwebu" e ethangini ukunwetshwa). Kodwa ukuthi benzeni kulesi simo? Ukuze uqale, siphawula ukuthi iningi izimoto zanamuhla ikakhulukazi amazwe, ifakwe ekhethekile ukushisa, esemgwaqweni izindlu ka lemifanekiso uwoyela. Kuleli qophelo, exchange uwoyela kwenzeka ne kokupholisayo. Futhi uma ukushisa elahlekile ukuvuza langaphambilini, kungenzeka ngokuxuba izinto ezimbili ukwanda imoto kakhulu.

Phela, injini ugijima, ematfuba eyenza umuntu acabange eseZwini namafutha wapheka iphakeme kakhulu kunanoma kokungenzi lutho (ngisho noma kuyinto eqolo anti-nqabela). Kuyini lokhu? Empeleni, konke silula. Lesi simo esiyingqayizivele sibangelwa kubangelwa ukucindezela ngaphakathi ohlelweni. Lapho imoto icishiwe emva kwamaminithi ambalwa level yakhe kakhulu kulingana umfutho womoya.

Imiphumela yokuhlanganisa uwoyela emelana nokubanda enhlanzini yasezindaweni

Khumbula, ethylene glycol, ixubene lamafutha, kungaba ngokuphawulekayo konakalise ekusebenzeni injini kanye nezakhi zalo, ngakho uma iphesenti nokuqukethwe kwalo idlula uphawu 0.35 per cent, kufanele axhumane ngokushesha ne esiteshini inkonzo. Kungenjalo, igcwele injini futhi umonakalo ukugqwala ifilimu oily ezindongeni isilinda.

Kukangaki kufanele ngiyishintshe emelana nokubanda enhlanzini yasezindaweni?

Kuyini futhi kungani lolu ketshezi, thina usuyitholile kakade. Manje ngoba imvamisa esikhundleni. Futhi ukushintsha emelana nokubanda enhlanzini yasezindaweni Kunconywa ngemva amakhilomitha ayinkulungwane 60-80, futhi mhlawumbe ngaphambi ukuqala abandayo ebusika. With the new anti-nqabela nesitofu, kanti injini eziyosebenza ngokushelela izinyanga eziningana noma iminyaka ethile.