Ebuchosheni: izimpawu ngendlela efanele usaqala. Izimpawu zokuqala ebuchosheni

Ziyini izimpawu uqala isifo oncological? Lokhu kwaba eningi wathi. Ngeshwa, iphesenti eliphezulu labantu abaphila yilesi sifo esesabekayo. Futhi ngokuvamile abahlala eside. Phela, ezimweni eziningi, le umdlavuza sitholakale kakade emabangeni kwesikhathi.

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi kuzo zonke izimo yomdlavuza inkulu ngempela ezingavamile izimpawu ebuchosheni okwakuhlalwa kuzo lapho kusaqalwa, njengoba kuchazwe esihlokweni, ingenza umuntu acabange ngokujulile futhi uvakashele udokotela ...

Khumbula nje ukuthi zonke izimpawu, okuzoxoxwa, kungenziwa elinesimo isifo esihluke ngokuphelele. Ngakho-ke akuyona sinqumo bebodwa! Phela, ngisho odokotela ngesisekelo uphawu olulodwa kuphela neze sitholakale.

izinhlobo izimila

Lesi senzakalo abasakwazi ezingavamile. Phakathi kwazo zonke izinhlobo izimila, bakha% 1.5 kuphela. Kodwa, ngeshwa, igcwele ingozi enkulu, ngoba kunzima ngempela aphathe. Izimo zethu zihluke kakhulu ebukekayo kubukeka esithombeni ukuthi unesimila ebuchosheni. Nokho, kuwufanele ukukhumbula ukuthi yini yilowo nalowo kubo ithwala usongo esibulalayo.

Zonke izimila zihlukaniswe lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo:

• Benign. Kulezi izimila le ndlala yayingenawo amangqamuzana abulalayo. Basuke isuswe kalula surgically. Ziyabuya le isimila ngokuvamile abakwazi. Imingcele yayo lokwelekelela echaziwe. I musa zingene nezicubu eziseduze kwamaseli lwesimila. Nokho, ngisho nezimila ingozi kungabangela eziningana imiphumela engemihle. Kuye indawo ke kuba nethonya eyodwa noma enye indawo ebucayi zobuchopho. Ngenxa yalokho, kukhona ukwanda ingcindezi intracranial.
• Ebulalayo. Lezi izimila ayingozi kakhulu ekuphileni. Avame ekwandeni okusheshayo futhi Ukungena ku izicubu eduze. Cabanga uthumele isithombe ngezansi. ebuchosheni sithinta bonke kwezicubu isendleleni. Ngezinye izikhathi amangqamuzana omdlavuza abahlukene. Zingashukumisela nanoma iziphi ezinye izicubu - izindawo kungathintekanga zobuchopho futhi indlela ubuchopho kanye nomgogodla. Kwezinye izimo, kukhona isimila encapsulated. Metastases yohlobo eziphawulwe ngenhla okunzima musa kuthinte inyama ephilile. Ithumba ngokuqinile elinganiselwe noma skull amathambo, noma ezinye izakhiwo.

Umthombo inkinga

umdlavuza ubuchopho zokugula kuwumphumela normal cell division. Kungani, kanye ephelele, baqale baziphathe ngale ndlela? Lo mbuzo uyabuzwa hhayi kuphela iziguli, kodwa futhi odokotela, nososayensi ukuthi uzama ukuthola impendulo. Nokho, izimbangela zezinkumbulo izimila ebuchosheni ziye kancane wafunda kuze kube manje. Lokhu nkinga idala eziningi mpikiswano phakathi ochwepheshe.

ngokucacile ezinye zezici ezingenza ukuvuvukala kobuchopho. Izizathu zimi kanje:

• yofuzo. Abantu abanale eziseduze wahlushwa umdlavuza ubuchopho basengozini lesi sifo. Nokho, ubufakazi ngqo ukuthi ososayensi bathola. Ngakho-ke, impikiswano ukudluliselwa Oncology bathola "ifa" uvuliwe. Nokho, ngokuvamile i-kukhona izimo lapho kuphakama izimila ngokungenaphutha kulezo ziguli abanomlando umndeni yalesi sifo aye ahlangana kakade.
• Kushisa bhé kule ndawo ukuchayeka. Abasebenzi umsebenzi wabo ezihlobene umkhakha zenuzi, ukukhiqizwa kwanoma eziyingozi, basengozini enkulu. Abasebenzi laboratories zocwaningo ukusebenza izinto radioactive, iziguli ezelashwayo ngemisebe, ingozi aphelele.
• umkhakha Chemical. Ukuchayeka mercury, okuhola vinyl chloride, acrylonitrile emzimbeni kungaba nemiphumela kuyindaba eqakathekileko. Ngalezi izingxenye umsebenzi ngokuvamile enkulu ekwakhekeni izindwangu zokwenziwa, izindwangu, Plastics.
• Ukulimala. Ngezinye izikhathi izimbangela izimila ebuchosheni kuphakama ekulimaleni intracranial, nemivimbo, ngisho kusukela ngiwusana.
• Izejwayezi ezimbi. Ukusetshenziswa kabi kotshwala, ukubhema ngokweqile kungaholela iseli wezakhi. Ngokuvamile lokhu kuyaphela ukonakala kwabo ku ebulalayo.
• Pathology emzimbeni. Immunodeficiency virus, amakhemikhali isitho ukufakelwa ngezinye izikhathi kuvusa kumiswa izimila. ukusetshenziswa akuphephile eside kwama-antibiotic.

Kungakhathaliseki iselula kuthinta ebuchosheni? Izizathu ingase ezimboziwe ukusebenzisa lolu wokuxhumana. Lezi zici kungukuthi bakuzwisise ngokuzeleko ukungathathi Ochwepheshe.

isifo esiteji

Kukhona 4 degrees esibonisa ukugeleza izifo ezifana isimila palsy. Izigaba kungenziwa indawo ngokushesha okukhulu. Kukhona amacala lapho ngisho ukukhomba kubo kwakungenakwenzeka.

Cabanga ngezinga evelele yesifo:

- Isigaba 1. Esigabeni sokuqala libhekene ukuthuthukiswa kancane izimila. Amaseli ehlaselwe isifo, imali ezincane. Kulo sinyathelo, isimila kukhonjelwe kokungenela kuhlinzwa. Umphumela ukusebenza ngokujwayelekile evumayo.

Nokho, izimpawu ebuchosheni kulesigaba emnene. Iziguli bangezwa ubuthakathaka, isiyezi kanye ubuhlungu. Cishe, akunakwenzeka ukuba umuntu uxhuma lezi zimpawu ayisibonelo salezi izifo eziningi, nomdlavuza. Ngakho-ke, iningi labantu ungadluli ukuxilongwa okuphelele umzimba. Futhi kuphela yena kungacacisa ukuthi ukuthuthukiswa lesi sifo.

- Isigaba 2. Ithumba uqala kancane ukumboza izigaxana eduze. Naphezu kwalokhu, ukuhlinzwa namanje avunyelwe. Isiguli uya ukuhlinzwa kungenzeka ukuba amphulukise.

Uma aphathe izimpawu ukuthi unesimila ebuchosheni, yengezwe isicanucanu ngenhla, kungenzeka ukuhlanza. Lesi senzakalo kungukuthi ezihlobene inqubo ukudla. reflex Gag kubangelwa izinguquko ingcindezi intracranial. Isiguli bangezwa zesifo sokuwa, Ukudlikizela.

Kufanele kugcizelelwe waphinda: uma kukhona ukuthi unesimila ebuchosheni, izinyathelo ezichazwe ngenhla (1 no-2) operably. Lapho ithuba zabo ukuqeda lesi sifo nawo njengomnyango mkhulu kakhulu.

- Isigaba 3. Isifo siqhubeka. Ukugula kunosongo ekuphileni lesiguli. amaseli Ebulalayo ngokushesha luzoqala ku nezicubu. Ngokuvamile, odokotela ihlukaniswa njengoba inoperable ebuchosheni ukuthi nesigaba. Ukwelashwa isifika nemithi symptomatically ezahlukene.

- Stage 4. I esiyingozi kakhulu ezingeni of Oncology. Isibikezelo okungekuhle. Ngokushesha proliferating isimila kuthinta cishe wonke ubuchopho. Isiguli "liyancibilika" phambi.

Nokho, kukhona amacala kokungenela yimpumelelo kuhlinzwa. Ngokwesibonelo, uma isimila ibekwa esifundeni yesikhashana. emisebeni Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngelashwa nangemithi ungayeka inqubo yokuhlukanisa amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Kodwa ngokuvamile, lokhu ezingeni libhekene inqubo engelapheki. Noma iyiphi inqubo yokwelapha ungakwazi kuphela alibale lesi sifo.

Symptomatology usaqala

Ngokusho ngezigaba yezokwelapha samukelwa, umdlavuza ubuchopho ihlukaniswe ezimbili izinhlobo:

• Primary. Kwakheka ngqo nezicubu ingqondo.
• Secondary. Kuyinto umphumela izilonda metastatic.

Kungakhathaliseki indawo kanye uhlobo izimpawu zokuqala izimila ebuchosheni avele nse. Yiqiniso, kungenzeka ukuthi babe nazo zonke izimpawu ezichazwe ngezansi ezihlobene ukucinana ehluke ngokuphelele. Kodwa qiniseka ukuthi ungakwazi kuphela ubone udokotela. Thuthukisa konke ukungabaza kwakho, ukuqeda uphethwe esabekayo - ". Ebuchosheni"

Izimpawu kusaqalwa:

- Ubuhlungu bekhanda. Kuyinto lesi sibonakaliso itholwa ngendlela efanele usaqala cishe ngaso sonke isikhathi. Amandla kanye ezihlukahlukene izimpawu incike indawo yesimila.

Nokho-ke umuntu angakwazi ukuhlonza amaphethini ezinye:

• Throbbing ubuhlungu sisekhanda lakhe.
• ukungakhululeki Sinzima ezivukayo ebuthongweni. Ikhanda elibuhlungu sihamba ngemuva kwamahora ambalwa. Ngezinye izikhathi kungase ubuhlungu ephelezelwa ukuhlanza futhi ukudideka.
• Ubuhlungu bekhanda, okuyinto ixhunywe umbono double. Emakiwe buthakathaka kwezicubu, ngezinye izikhathi ethintekayo ukwehluleka ukuzwela.
• ukuzwa Buhlungu is kakhulu buyaqina lapho ushintsho emzimbeni ukuma, ukuzikhandla ngokomzimba ngisho Ukukhwehlela.

Ungagijimeli sinqumo. Nakuba ubuhlungu bekhanda ihlukaniswa njengoba izinkomba ezisheshe zivele ebuchosheni, izibalo zibonisa ukuthi 1% eziguli kanye nezimpawu ezifana wembula neoplasm intracranial. Kuphela udokotela abanekhono ngesisekelo uphethwe ungenza ithole ukuxilongwa okufanele.

Endabeni ka ubuhlungu ngenxa isimila ebuchosheni imakwe khona unomphela yabo. Njengomthetho, izidakamizwa ukuze ulwe inkinga abanamandla. Ngokuvamile, ukungakhululeki kungabonwa ekuseni.

- Isiyezi. Engingakusho isici uphawu. It akancikile umzimba ukuma. Vertigo kuwumphumela waqinisa intracranial. Uma isimila itholakala endaweni cerebellum, kungase acindezele maphakathi apharathasi vestibular. Lena enye imbangela inzululwane.

- Fast kwesisindo. Umzimba womuntu yakhelwe ukuze kwesisindo encane kungenzeka. Lokhu ikakhulukazi ebonwe isizini ashisayo. Nokho, isisindo okukhulu ukulahlekelwa kufanele ukukuxwayisa. Lesi simo esiyingqayizivele sibangelwa kungase kubonise ukuthuthukiswa umdlavuza. Isimila Kuhlanganisa kwezinto eziphilayo sina kwephula izinqubo umzimba. Ngenxa yalokho, isiguli ngokushesha ukuncipha.

Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi njengoba kubonakala hhayi kuphela ebuchosheni. Izimpawu e kusaqalwa umdlavuza ngo kabi noma isiphi isitho zihlanganisa okusheshayo kwesisindo.

- Yandisa lokushisa. Omunye izimpawu ezivamile sifo. Rising ukuze amamaki aphezulu kakhulu, it zingagcinwa isikhathi eside ngaphandle kokuwa. Lesi sici ephawula izivikeli mzimba. Abacindezelwe amangqamuzana omdlavuza, ezinye kuba umzamo wokugcina ozama ukulwa nesilingo isitha esibi.

- Kubonisa Ubuthaka. Isiguli uqala usukhathele ngokushesha. It elandela umuzwa lobuthakathaka. Lesi sici libonisa ukwabiwa isimila lingene egazini imikhiqizo imfucuza. Umzimba ingaphansi ukudakwa. Ngokuvamile, lokhu uphawu sihambusana nokuhlanza. Isiguli is baphawula anaemia ngenxa izilonda imithambo isimila igazi. Iphinde kuholela ekuncipheni amandla.

- Ukuhlanza. Ebuchosheni singenzeka isicanucanu. Njengomthetho, kusaqalwa kwenzeka ekuseni ngaphambi kokudla. Ukuhlanza engase ivele kungalindelekile, ngisho nalapho isikhundla ikhanda.

Ngemva kwalokho, ne ukuqhubeka kwesifo kunezinye, izimpawu esikhethekile ebuchosheni kwabadala. Lokhu esilufifi umbono, ukuhogela, ukuzwa. Mhlawumbe ngisho nokugula ngengqondo.

Izimila Ezinganeni

Cishe 16% azo zonke izimila abulalayo zikhonjwe izingane, kwenzeka umdlavuza ubuchopho. Ngokuvamile okutholakala izingane medulloblastoma. Akuvamile iyakhula. izimpawu zazo zazingamashumi ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokucindezela izimila.

Brain izimila ezinsaneni wasibonakalisa ukwanda ikhanda selilonke, ukungezwani futhi ukuvuvukala fontanelle. umehluko appreciable we sutures cranial. Uma uyikha phezulu le zekhanda usana angavela inethiwekhi emithambo yegazi. Izingane ezindadlana ngezinye izikhathi ngeke ene waqinisa intracranial ngenxa umehluko we sutures Yekhanda.

Symptomatology izimila ebuchosheni izingane cishe kuyafana abadala. Kodwa kid kuyinto ayikho esimweni ukukhononda yikhanda uma kuziwa ingane. Ngokuvamile, inkinga kunqunywa ukuziphatha kwengane. Tiny ngezikhathi iba udlubulunda, yena ukumemeza. Njengomthetho, izingane zikhulela wagcoba ubuso noma ikhanda, njalo edonsa izandla zakhe.

Kungaba lungachazwa ukuhlanza futhi ekuseni. Ngesikhathi besanda kuqala lesi simanga iyaphindwa izikhathi okungenani 1-2 phakathi nesonto.

A uphawu oluvame lokuguqulwa umusa we fundus. Yesilinganiso eyodwa bangase bazibone ukuvuvukala kancane noma ukopha retina. Igcwele Ukuwohloka buka, ungakwazi ngokuvamile iholela ngobumpumputhe.

Ukuquleka kwenzeka njalo. Ukuba khona kwabo likhuluma yobukhulu enkulu yesimila. Ezinye izimpawu ezihlobene kwasendaweni lesi sifo.

Zonke izimpawu ngenhla enze kube nokwenzeka ukuba usola ukuthi unesimila ebuchosheni. Futhi, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi sitholakele inkinga ngempela eziyinkimbinkimbi, ekuboneni lesi sifo ngendlela efanele usaqala uyonika ingane yakho ithuba alulame ngokugcwele.

ukuthola isifo

Ngisho izimpawu kakhulu akude nobumnene, kancane okusikhumbuza ngenhla kufanele kube imbangela ezimbi kakhulu ngokushesha uxhumane nodokotela wakho ukuze ukucwaningwa okuningiliziwe. izindlela zesimanje zokuxilonga zihlanganisa ezihlukahlukene imisebenzi.

Indlela ephumelela kunazo ukuhlonza isifo yilezi:

• MRI --magnetic resonance imaging,
• MEG - magnetoencephalography;
• CT - ngekhompyutha tomography;
• Angiography;
• OFERT - olulodwa ikhasi lesikhwama sasekhaya ekushayweni tomography ngekhompyutha;
• lumbar (umgogodla) wokubhoboza;
• PET noma positron ekushayweni tomography;
• biopsy.

Ukulandela uphethwe inqunywa ukudalelwa isiguli. Sikhuluma a esibhedlela kungenzeka luhlolo kwaleso sifo. Ngokuvamile, lokhu kwenzeka ngo-isikhungo umdlavuza. Injongo eyinhloko ukusihlola - indlela ukukhetha imithi ekufanele.

Izindlela zokubhekana ngokuphumelelayo nokugula

Ukuqedwa yimuphi umdlavuza siqukethe ezindaweni ezintathu ezisemqoka: nokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali, emisebeni nokuhlinzwa. Impi yokulwa nalesi sifo has izici zayo siqu. Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali nokushiswa kuyinto ayizwakali uma kukhona kokutshelwa ngokukhubazeka kwengane, njengoba ukuthi unesimila ebuchosheni. Ukwelashwa ngokuyinhloko esekelwe ukususwa kuhlinzwa izimila.

Nokho, akubona bonke izimila amenable ukuqedela ukususwa. Okuningi kuxhomeke ekutheni ukufunde kwasendaweni yabo. Ngezinye izikhathi isimila zingafakwa ku ukwakheka okubalulekile. inkululeko ephelele kusukela lezi izimila eyayiyoholela ukulimala kobuchopho. Esimweni esinjalo, kuphela ingxenye ovumelekile isuswe insali libhujiswa esebenzisa ngemisebe noma imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali.

Esikhundleni ukuhlinzwa kukhona nebuchwepheshe lobusha - the CyberKnife, Gamma Knife. izindlela ezinjalo sivumele okusezingeni eliphezulu umthamo ngemisebe ukuba banqobe ebuchosheni. Ukwelapha iphumelela kakhulu kangangokuba ngokuvamile kusaqalwa isetshenziswa njenge ndlela eyinhloko emzabalazweni.

imithi yanamuhla ethuthuka futhi zisebenzise izindlela ezintsha zokuthola izinsuku ukuhlinzwa. Lokhu ultrasound kanye laser ubuchwepheshe. Injongo eyinhloko ucwaningo - ukunciphisa ukulimala.

yokwelapha Kushisa bhé kule ndawo ngesonto ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Inkambo engaphansi ngokuphelele ubukhulu umdlavuza. It kuhluka izinsuku eziyisikhombisa amabili nanye.

Kukhona enye indlela esingathola ekunqandeni isifo. It cryosurgery. Le ndlela ivumela ukuba iqhwa unesimila ebuchosheni. Ukwelapha ubhekwa siyasebenza ngempela. Ukuze okokuqandisa amangqamuzana omdlavuza usebenzisa liquid nitrogen okushisa encishisiwe.

Isibikezelo nemiphumela

Okufika ngesikhathi nokufanele uphethwe - ithuba alulame ngempumelelo umdlavuza ubuchopho. Le ndlela yokwelapha kwenziwe ngenhla izinkomba ezintathu, okuyenza ibe Izibikezelo kakhulu. Izibalo wukuthi - sokusinda oneminyaka emihlanu iziguli unomdlavuza okwakuhlalwa kuzo lapho kusaqalwa, 60 kuya ku-80%.

Sad ukucinga indikimba yendaba, uma kamuva kwatholakala ukuthi unesimila ebuchosheni. Imiphumela ingaba engelapheki. Ukungabi nakwenzeka kwento ukwelashwa kuhlinzwa kuholela izibalo esidumazayo. Izinga nokusinda kwalaba bantu iziguli isikhathi esiyiminyaka emihlanu% 30-40 kuphela. Yiqiniso, okokuqala incike ubukhulu izimila.

Yini engenziwa ukulala?

Uma uqaphela okungenani eyodwa lapho bebona izimpawu eziyisixwayiso, qiniseka ukuya kudokotela. Ekuqaleni uvakashele owelapha. eqoqwe ngokucophelela cwaningo unike amandla ukuxilongwa noma ukuhalalisela nawe empilweni yakho emihle.

Lapho akunakwenzeka ukuqala ucwaningo encane - nginikeze igazi kwamakhemikhali. izimpawu ongaqondile ingozi kungenzeka ukubona udokotela wamehlo, ngemva kokuhlola fundus ocular.

Uma kudingekile, uyoncoma ukuya ukuxilongwa ngokuphelele. Nokho, akunakwenzeka ukuthi konke ukwesaba kwakho ubufakazi balokho.

isiphetho

Ngeshwa, ngokuvamile kakade ngempela emazingeni sekwedlule ebuchosheni kutholwa. Izimpawu kusaqalwa - ikhanda nokukhathala - engamukelwa yizo abantu izimpawu ezinamandla isifo esikhohlisayo. Ezimweni eziningi, ngeshwa, kwenzeka. Nokho, kuvame ukuba kube kubalulekile ukulalela amasignali enikeziwe umzimba wayo siqu. Ngezinye izikhathi Ikhanda kuyinto insimbi yokuqala ekumemezeleni ukuthuthukiswa umdlavuza itholakala ubuchopho.