Dialysis - wukuthi kule nqubo njengoba kuthatha indawo? Imaphi amalungiselelo ayadingeka ukuze izinso zelashwe?

Sezinso zelashwe - indlela yokwelashwa lapho igazi kusulwe umzimba futhi ubonisa zonke izingxenye anobuthi avela ngesikhathi umzimba. yokwelapha ezinjalo kufanele zisetshenziselwe, uma imisebenzi lesi sitho kohlelo urinary elahlekile 85%. Namuhla, sibheka ukuthi kukhona izinhlobo zelashwe okungukuthi yilowo nalowo kubo. Futhi ukuthola ukuthi yini amalungiselelo ayadingeka ukuze le nqubo futhi ukuthi kukhona contraindication ukuze iqhube.

imiqondo kulungiswa

Dialysis - inqubo ubuyisela umsebenzi izinso, uma bengenayo ukwenza imisebenzi yawo. Injongo eyinhloko yale umzimba wethu yile: kuyasiza ukususa ubuthi egazini, futhi lisiza ekulondolozeni izinga elidingekayo usawoti ibhalansi emzimbeni. Sezinso zelashwe - umcimbi ukuthi kungase kudingeke isikhathi esifushane, noma kungenzeka, kuyodingeka ukuchitha ingxenye esele yokuphila kwakhe, kuye ngokuthi imbangela nobukhali sifo. Ngenxa yalokho inqubo imikhiqizo kwakhiwa emva umzimba, futhi ubuthi isuswa umzimba.

Cabanga kwencazelo "isebenzisa umshini wezinso amaprotheni" umqondo. Le ndlela ngokuhlukana izinhlayiya letingemasayizi lahlukene e ingxube ketshezi by ulwelwesi nomzimba omncane, lapho pores amancane kakhulu ukudlula okusanhlamvu ezinkulu (amaprotheni), kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo badlula ziyoncibilika crystalline impahla. Liquefaction ingxube wahlukana amanzi ngokusebenzisa le diffuser, amaconsi amancane adabule umgoqo, futhi ukuhlala ezinkulu.

Izinhlobonhlobo izinso zelashwe

Ngo inqubo yokwelapha yesimanje, kukhona ezimbili ubuchwepheshe uhlanzekile igazi:

1. Hemodialysis. Kulokhu, izicubu zomzimba zezinzwa is elicwengekileyo ngokusebenzisa ulwelwesi lemifanekiso uhlelo idivayisi ekhethekile uxhuma uhlelo lesiguli kwegazi.
2. isebenzisa umshini wezinso Perinatal lapho ingaphakathi lesisu sidla ngokusebenzisa isixazululo. Khona-ke, lokhu kwakhiwa ketshezi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi iqala ukuba okukhiphayo. Nokho, ukuze ukungena kule ndawo zomzimba womuntu, kubalulekile ukumhlinza ngoba kokufaka ipayipi.

Izimpawu ze-MRI,

Le nqubo Kunconywa ukuba isetshenziswe ne izifo elandelayo:

• ukwehluleka kwezinso;
• alcohols elinobuthi, ubuthi;
• ukweqisa izidakamizwa izidakamizwa;
• izinguquko eziyingozi e amazinga igazi electrolyte;
• ikhoma (hepatic, uremic);
• okuqukethwe amanzi ngokweqile izinso, kuyilapho yokwelapha kodokotela ehluleka, futhi ukuphila lesiguli nezwi elenga intambo.

Imibandela ngenhla kungaholela ekufeni ngaphandle isebenzisa umshini wezinso.

Uma izinso ayikwazi ukutholwa ke simo sibizwa ngokuthi ukuphela-esiteji isifo so-renal (ESRD). Sibangelwa yizifo ezithile, njengesifo sikashukela, umdlavuza izinso, ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa, khona umfutho ophakeme. Nakuba zelashwe - akusiyo ikhambi ESRD, kodwa kuyasiza isiguli sizizwe kangcono futhi baphila isikhathi eside. Ngakho ngezinye izikhathi enze lokhu inqubo kuyadingeka, ukuze silondoloze hhayi kuphela empilweni kodwa futhi ekuphileni.

Izici Ezihilelekile Kule hemodialysis

Dialysis besebenzisa lolu ubuchwepheshe kusho ukuthola esibhedlela. Le nqubo kuyadingeka izimpahla ezibizayo, okungaba kuphela izibhedlela, isiguli ngokwakhe akakwazi uyithenga. Ngakho-ke, umuntu kufanele abe close esibhedlela, uma isidingo ungakwazi enze ngegazi uhlanzekile ngokushesha ngaso sonke isikhathi.

Le nqubo wenziwa izikhathi eziningana ngesonto futhi kuthathe amahora mayelana 3-5.

isebenzisa umshini wezinso Peritoneal: kuyini futhi yenziwa kanjani?

Lolu hlobo lwesibili ka igazi uhlanzekile, lapho kwenziwa ngaphansi izinzwa wendawo. Ngqo ingaphakathi le lesisu udokotela ifaka ipayipi mncane plastic ngokusebenzisa oludlula udokotela kusuka amalitha 1 2 solution glucose, usawoti namanye amaminerali abalulekile. Isenzo zelashwe perinatal kusekelwe yokuthi ngaphakathi komgodi ongaphakathi kwamathumbu imbozwe ulwelwesi okuyinto ethatha njengendlela lemifanekiso. Peritoneum azigcina izinhlayiya igazi emikhulu egeleza phambili kuphela ketshezi ingxenye ne izinto ziyoncibilika kuwo. Le nqubo kuyinto operation kuhlinzwa. I dialysate - isixazululo busuka ingaphakathi kanye imfucuza udokotela kukhishelwa ngokusebenzisa ipayipi.

Lolu hlobo lokuhlinzwa ngokuvamile ukwenziwa esigulini esingalalisiwe esibhedlela, futhi imiphumela ngemva kokuba kakhulu, uma wenza inqubo Ukuhwebelana eziningana (ie ukwethulwa imijikelezo nokukhululwa izidakamizwa) ngelanga.

Izinhlobo zelashwe peritoneal

Zintathu izinhlobo zale nqubo igazi uhlanzekile:

1. Okuqhubekayo indlela ambulatory. isebenzisa umshini wezinso Perinatal yalolu hlobo ivamile zokwelapha, nokuqaliswa kwalo akadingi ukusebenzisa ikhomphyutha. Inqubo okumele iqhutshwe endaweni ehlanzekile, kahle elikhanyayo. Ngesikhathi kokuhlinzwa, ikhambi isuka upulasitiki ngokusebenzisa ipayipi esiswini. Diazole ahlale khona amahora ambalwa, bese likhanyelwe kalula.

Izinzuzo le ndlela wegazi uhlanzekile:

• inqubo engenziwa ngesikhathi esikahle;
• Ukwelashwa uqhutshwa ngaphandle kosizo;
• ukwelashwa engenziwa ezindaweni eziningi;
• Angisidingi ikhompyutha.

2. njalo imfashini cyclical. Lolu hlobo lwe-dialysis peritoneal kufana indlela yokuqala, umehluko kuphela ukuthi idivayisi okuyinto ixhunywe ipayipi ayizwayo ngokuzenzakalela bese idonsa ikhambi kusukela esiswini.

Inzuzo le ndlela wegazi uhlanzekile ukuthi inqubo engenziwa ebusuku, ngesikhathi sokulala. Kodwa ububi wukuthi ngaphandle kosizo sabangafundile angasho ningalwenzi futhi le ndlela kudinga ikhompyutha.

3. Indlela leyehlukene. Ngaphansi le ndlela, isebenzisa umshini wezinso kungaba kwenziwe ekhaya, kodwa ngokuvamile namanje esibhedlela. Ukwelashwa nokuvikelwa le ndlela kuyinto eningi isikhathi eside kunaleso nge izinqubo eyindilinga futhi okuqhubekayo, futhi lokhu kusimo yayo.

Izimo

isebenzisa umshini wezinso Peritoneal ayikwazi ukusetshenziswa kulezi zimo ezilandelayo:

• Uma kukhona ukuvuvukala kule komgodi ongaphakathi kwamathumbu.
• Lapho efakazelwe ongaphakeme filtration izici serosa.
• Uma ukukhuluphala kwenzeka uma ukusebenza kahle nokuhlanzwa igazi zelashwe is ngemibuzo.
• Uma kukhona esikhumbeni izifo suppurative odongeni kwamathumbu.
• Uma une isifo sengqondo, kanti isiguli angase angasabeli kahle ukubamba esimisweni zelashwe peritoneal.
• Uma kukhona namadreni e komgodi ongaphakathi kwamathumbu.

Amalungiselelo zelashwe

1. Izidakamizwa okuyinto ukunciphisa igazi ekunqandeni (isixazululo "heparin" futhi "Warfarin").
2. Izidakamizwa ukulawula umfutho wegazi ( "Atenolol" amaphilisi "Capoten", "Cozaar", "Clonidine").
3. Antihistamine (ampoules "Diphenhydramine" "Atarax" dragees);
4. calcium supplements kanye multivitamins.
5. Ukuthaka imithi, ehlanganisa yensimbi eye balindzeleke kwekutsi bakhicite abomvu egazi ( "Epogen," amaphilisi).
6. Imithi okubophela phosphorus ukunciphisa izinga layo egazini.
7. izidakamizwa isisu ukuze unekhemikhali uketshezi ngokweqile.
8. Laxatives nokuvimbela ukuqunjelwa, okungase kwenzeke ngenxa kuncishiswe inani baphuza uketshezi ( "Bisacodyl" amaphilisi).

Okudingekayo ukuze inqubo

igazi zelashwe zingaba kulezi zimo ezilandelayo:

• Uma urea izinkomba ngeke bathi umuntu athuthukile degree okunzima esingamahlalakhona kwezinso.
• Uma isiguli ukulandela ukudla. Ukudla Human kufanele libe esiningi amaprotheni, kodwa inani usawoti nasoketshezini uzodinga zingancishiswa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, udokotela kufanele belulekwe ukuthatha ethile amavithamini esigulini. Ukudla kuyadingeka ukuze kuncishiswe ingozi thrombosis, anaemia nangezinkolelo-ze ezihlukahlukene yezinkinga ngemva zokukhwabanisa olwenziwa.

• Uma isiguli sine-isifiso ukwenza imisebenzi efana isebenzisa umshini wezinso. Lena inqubo sina, ngakho kuye isiguli kufanele bakulungele ngokwengqondo. Futhi uma umuntu elahla wakhe, khona-ke akekho bephikisa intando yakhe ukuze afeze zelashwe ngeke.
• Uma kukhona kungenzeka ukuphindaphinda njalo we igazi nokuhlanzwa. Dialysis - inqubo okudinga kuhambisana lwesikhathi inombolo ethile izikhathi. Futhi uma kungagcinwa plan, kuyoba azinamphumela leze.
• Uma isiguli inemali eyanele, ngakho isibhedlela has imishini yokwelashwa engafanele.

Dialysis: intengo inqubo

Ngeshwa, izindleko sehlo phezu ukuhlanzwa we igazi abiza kakhulu isilinganiso isakhamuzi isiRashiya, njengoba inqubo ngayinye kufanele ukunikeza isilinganiso sama-ruble mayelana 8000. Futhi kuthiwani ngalabo abantu kuyabekwa isebenzisa umshini wezinso ukuphila? It kuvela ukuthi kukhona isixazululo, ngoba kukhona izibhedlela zomphakathi zithole uxhaso lwe- amabhajethi wendawo. Futhi kulokhu, nazo zelashwe izobiza ingasaphathwa noma akukho ukwelashwa kuyoba khulula.

Futhi uma umuntu efuna ukuba ibhekane zelashwe phesheya, isibonelo, u-Israyeli noma US, kuyodingeka ukhokhe 200 kuya 250 zamadola 1 kweseshini.

Manje uyazi ukuthi kuyinto zelashwe izinso, futhi yiziphi izinhlobo imisebenzi ukuze ahlanze igazi. Siphinde sathola ukuthi ngaphambi kokunquma kwi-nqubo, kufanele kugcwaliswe ezimeni eziningana. Kodwa izindleko zokuhlinzwa incike kuphi afeze zelashwe (esibhedlela, obala noma ngasese), lapho idolobha noma izwe ukukwenza (phesheya kuyabiza kakhulu engaphezu kwengu-eRussia), kanye ziqu of odokotela.