Coke igesi kuhhavini: Ukwakheka, ukusetshenziswa, ukukhiqizwa

Kudala, coke kuhhavini igesi kubhekwa leyavela enqubeni yokudala coke, ngakho-ke ngokuvamile ngisho ukukhiphela emkhathini (okuyinto Isizathu esihle kakhulu!). Negesi zaqala ukusetshenziswa kamuva ngenjongo Ukushisa coke Ohhavini, futhi namuhla ngokugcwele inikezwe igunya abasebenzisi ukusetshenziswa ekhaya nezinye izidingo. Pho-ke, kukhona coke igesi eziko, futhi siyini ngezithako zawo? Lesi sihloko sixoxa zonke izici udaba bese unika izibonelo ezishaya emhloleni zendlela azisebenzisa ukusetshenziswa igesi.

Isici zomlando

Umlando coke igesi kuhhavini Yeshe waqala ngasekupheleni 19 - ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20. Ngisho nangaleso sikhathi lalisetshenziselwa ngenhloso yokukhanyisa, Ukushisa, futhi, ngokulandelana, ukupheka kanye nezinye izindaba zasekhaya. Nakuba izinguquko kwezezimboni kwagqashuka futhi lokhu ikwenze kuhambe ngendlela. Ukukhiqiza by-imikhiqizo yemvelo, amalahle itiyela kanye ammonia wakhonza izingxenye ezibalulekile, okungukuthi impahla eluhlaza enkulu ekwakhekeni udayi kanye nokusungulwa amakhemikhali umkhakha kwamakhemikhali jikelele. Ngakho, ngokuphelele zonke izinhlobo yokufakelwa colorants uhlamvu eyenziwe resin kanye coke igesi kuhhavini.

стал широко использоваться в печах для изготовления промышленной продукции, в двигателях газового типа функционирования и, конечно же, в роли сырья при производстве химических продуктов. Ngaphezu kwalokho, coke kuhhavini igesi isibe ezisetshenziswa kakhulu amaziko womshini imikhiqizo ezimbonini, izinjini, igesi uhlobo kanye nokusebenza, yebo, njengoba impahla eluhlaza enkulu ekwakhekeni imikhiqizo yamakhemikhali.

Ulungiselela coke igesi kuhhavini

Ulungiselela coke igesi kuhhavini kwenzeka kanyekanye ne isizukulwane coke ezitshalweni coke isiqondiso nge ziphuzo zazihluzwa ezomile kwamalahle. Kubalulekile wazi ukuthi le nqubo kumele ngempela ukuqhubeka at 900-1200 degrees. Njengoba kuphawuliwe ngenhla, izigaba sokuqala nucleation igesi kubhekwa uhlamvu leyavela, ngakho-ke ngokuvamile kwesokunxele emoyeni ozungeze umhlaba wethu. Ngemva kwesikhashana i-coke igesi kuhhavini lishise ngu Ohhavini. Ngakho, ukusetshenziswa of negesi ngezidingo siqu zabhekana nokwehla kwezinga (cishe 60%), okunye abe namaswidi alingana basonta izigaba ezahlukene abasebenzisi, isibonelo, for amalahle omlilo Metallurgical, okuyinto lokushisa eliphezulu kakhulu, noma izindaba zasekhaya. Kuze kube manje, ngokuphelele zonke igesi kungokwalabo bangaphandle abathengi. Kungani? Iqiniso ukuthi igesi coke kuhhavini kuyinto kakhulu okunama-kilojoule amaningi, okusho ukuthi kungenzeka ukusebenzisa igesi engabizi Ukushisa amaziko. Isibonelo esimangalisayo kungakhawulwa kuncibilike igesi. By the way, siwulimi ngesisekelo le-butane ingxube.

Coke umshini negesi: Ukwakheka

Kwabe sekuvela ukuthi, kusukela sebuningini yokufakelwa umsuka amagesi ngani esihlokweni kanye okuholela coking amalahle igesi kuyahluka inenani elikhulu. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi kusukela iphuzu eliwusizo Ngenxa ngezithako zawo asitholayo iyehla iyenyuka abalulekile. Kuya ngokuthi, njengoba umthetho, phezu feedstock, elisetshenziswa njengesibonakaliso fuel, kusukela umehluko izindlela womsebenzi, isimo somzimba coke Ohhavini nokunye. Inani layo calorific ungaphakathi uhla 15-19 MJ / M3. Uma sicabangela izingxenye igesi njengendlela iphesenti umthamo ke kwakhiwa isithombe esilandelayo:

• H2: 55-60.
• CH4: 20-30.
• SB: 5-7.
• CO2: 2-3.
• N2: 4.
• hydrocarbon unsaturated: 2-3.
• O2: 0.4-0.8.

Okubalulekile, coke igesi kuhhavini (ifomula: N2CH4NH3C2H4) lunesibalo ezingeni lokushisa zero degrees kusuka kg 0.45 ukuze 0.50 / M3 ukushisa ethize elilingana 1.35 kJ / (m 3 · K), futhi inqubo lokushisa ezihlobene ukuthungela, ifinyelela 600-650 degrees.

elibona nxazonke ifomula

Njengoba sekuchaziwe ngenhla, e-coke igesi kuhhavini kuhlanganisa izinto njenge-hydrogen (H2), i-methane (CH4), i-ammonia (NH3) kanye ethylene (C2H4). Njengoba isibonelo, ezifanele ukuletha ingxenye elandelayo yalo ukuhlanzwa coke igesi kuhhavini:

Okubalulekile, indlela yokwakheka igesi ngaphansi ukucatshangelwa lokwelekelela kufakwe emalini inqubo lokushisa coking futhi ubude bayo. Futhi kudlala i ababalulekile izinga amalahle kungenzeka kabusha. Ngakho, ayanda coking lokushisa inqubo control, aba maningi ezingeni yokubola hydrocarbon, ngakhoke ephakeme okuqukethwe hydrogen ne -carbon monoxide. Ngakho, okuqukethwe carbon dioxide, kunalokho, kuyoba aphansi.

Isidingo ukuhlanza coke igesi kuhhavini

Kuze kube manje, ngempela inkinga yokwentuleka kakhulu isidingo ukuhlanza coke igesi kuhhavini, njengengxenye nomthelela omubi aspect emvelweni zokuphila. Ngakho, umphakathi wanamuhla ivame ukwenza ngcono ezobuchwepheshe efanele. необходима для эффективности деятельности заводских механизмов, потому что цианид водорода, содержание которого в коксовом газе достаточно велико, служит основной причиной коррозии профессионального оборудования. Ukuhlanzwa coke igesi kuhhavini kuyadingeka ukusebenza okukhuluma ngamalungiselelo isitshalo, ngoba cyanide hydrogen, okuqukethwe okuyinto coke igesi kuhovini ngokwanele ezinkulu, kuyimbangela eyinhloko ukugqwala of imishini yobuchwepheshe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwakheka coke igesi kuhhavini compulsorily ezikhishwe ammonia. Lokhu kwaziswa kakhulu kubathinta kabi hhayi kuphela amapayipi, kodwa futhi ku imvelo, ngoba ekugcineni kuba khona. Waba yini umphumela wesibindi imisebenzi kubhekwa ezingeni lelisetulu ukulahlekelwa chemical by-imikhiqizo isitshalo esinikeziwe, futhi ngezinga elikhulu ekushayweni imfucuza amagesi futhi imvelaphi uketshezi emkhathini.

Coke igesi kuhhavini yokuhlanza inqubo

влечет за собой ряд проблем, что в полной мере аргументирует необходимость его очистки. Kwabe sekuvela ukuthi, ukukhiqizwa kwanoma coke igesi kuhhavini kufaka izinkinga eziningana ukuthi ukucabanga egcwele isidingo yokuhlanza yayo. Kuze kube manje, indlela ephumelela kakhulu kuchazwa ngawo kulesi sahluko kokusungulwa, okuyinto kabanzi umkhakha coking. Isinyathelo sokuqala siwukuba ukugeza igesi ngesixazululo ammonium phosphate ku mfutho, okumele ngempela ifakwe amapuleti. Ngaphezu kwalokho, coke igesi kuhhavini alunge phambi lingena esifundeni dished we mfutho, nale isixazululo. Kulesi isixazululo afundwa ukusetshenziswa ethize kufanele kube 1.0-1.2 L / M3 igesi ke kwabantu bayo ngeke azisizi 1,195-1,210 kg / l. Lokhu coke kuhhavini igesi uhlanzekile indlela njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, ngokuvamile isetshenziswa namuhla emkhakheni umkhakha, ngoba ephumelela kunazo.

Coke igesi kuhhavini: isicelo

Kuze kube manje, coke igesi kuhhavini kuyinto kakhulu kabanzi futhi ngokuphepha esetshenziswa umphakathi njengoba uphethiloli Izigayo steel orientation, kanye nokunyakazisa umnotho womphakathi kanye njengoba impahla eluhlaza for zokukhiqiza. Kwabe sekuvela ukuthi, igesi kusukela coke walulama hydrogen lokho kumane kwakudingekile ukuba zamagama ammonia ngumuntu indlela ukufingqa operation eyaziwa ngaphansi isimo lokushisa ongaphakeme. Ngenxa yalo msebenzi yakha ingxenyenamba ukukhonza izinga izinto zokusetshenziswa for syntheses ezihlukahlukene. применяется как топливо, и когда он служит сырьем для производства химической продукции). Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi i-okuphothula ku sulfide hydrogen kuyinto engathandeki coke kuhhavini igesi ngokuphelele kunoma isiphi isimo (lapho coke negesi isetshenziswa njengoba uphethiloli nalapho kuba impahla eluhlaza for imikhiqizo chemical). Yingakho-ke sidinga ekuhlungeni kuxoxwa ngokugcwele esahlukweni esedlule.

igesi izakhiwo

. Ekugcineni, kuyafaneleka ukucabangela le izakhiwo ngokomzimba we coke igesi kuhhavini. Ngakho, amandla alo calorific kusukela 3.600 ukuze 3,700 kcal / M3, inani lemikhaya ketshezi Ukwakheka zokhahlamba kusuka 0.45 kuya 0,46 kg / M3 (okuyinto cishe kathathu alula kakhulu kunomoya emoyeni), izinga lokushisa esiphezulu amandla omlilo imodi yayo lilinganisa degrees ngu 2060, futhi inqubo kuhambisana ilangabi elibomvu.

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi igesi kuncike inhlekelele lapho kuhlangene emoyeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, alufakwa umkhawulo ephansi ezingeni ivolumu 6 amaphesenti igesi (lonke - emoyeni), kanye nezinga eliphezulu yokuqhuma ifinyelela angu-32 abo igesi (lonke - emoyeni). Temperature ukuthungela imodi ilingana 550 degrees, futhi amandla omlilo of 1 imitha cubic of igesi kufanele kube mayelana 5 imitha cubic air. Coke igesi kuhhavini is abanalo umbala ukunambitheka, kodwa iphunga pungent of mothballs, amaqanda ebolile, ngendlela yokuthi akunakubangelwa yokuqukethwe ngezithako zawo hydrogen sulfide.