Aphorism - Iyini? Okwakushiwo lucebe kwegama elithi "aphorism"

Aphorism - lokhu dictum okwenzeka kudala. Isayensi, okuyinto etadisha yayo, aphorism nazyvetsya. Iphakamisa umbuzo obalulekile: "Lapho eqhamukela izincwadi? thina Lo mqondo isikhathi eside kwaziwa futhi lesiRotuma? "Ukuze anikeze impendulo aphathekako lo mbuzo, kumelwe sihlole umlando. Nokho omunye kudingeka aqikelele kanye ngezici ezimbili: aphorism njengoba uhlobo futhi njengoba izwi.

Ukuvela of the aphorism njengoba amazwi

Lo mqondo Kuyaziwa isikhathi eside. Ngisho ku 5 th ekhulwini BC. e. UHippocrates, isazi lwesiGreki sakuqala, ngokuthi indatshana ku aphorisms imithi. It kuwuphawu izifo kanye nezimpawu ezinye izifo, kanye nendlela yokuzigwema ukuze zingasivimbi babaphulukisa. Namuhla, abaningi balaba aphorisms eyaziwa :. "Life - it is a esifushane, futhi art lide", "Musa ukwenza okubi - Ngeke wesabe," njll izincwadi Antique Ungase futhi ukutshela mayelana nokusetshenziswa lo mqondo. ososayensi German P. Rekvadt, F. Schalck wafakazela ukuthi izwi wayengekho usizo kwezokwelapha kuphela, kodwa futhi lisetshenziswa njengedivaysi zwi ohlakaniphile, Gnome, Maxim, kanye onomfutho sikubeke isitayela.

Ukwethulwa umqondo wesayensi ahlukahlukene

Ekhulwini lesi-8, Dante wagomela ngokuthi "aphorism" - yigama lezokwelapha. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, waqala ukusakaza kwamanye izimboni. Waqala ukuvela ngesayensi yemvelo, ezombusazwe, ifilosofi umthetho. UTacitus sezizonke inguqulelo aphorism wezokwelapha emkhakheni wezepolitiki. Wabe kuqhathaniswa isimo womuntu umzimba, okuyinto edingekayo ukwelashwa izidakamizwa nezimiso zokuziphatha kanye nemithi. Antonio Perez babekholelwa ukuthi aphorism - kuba izitatimende yakhe yezombusazwe ngokuziphatha. Abacwaningi abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi indlela yokubhala izincwadi futhi kwezobuciko.

Ukwethulwa kwezincwadi Russian

Kwaze kwaba sekhulwini le-18 e-Russia kwakukhona into enjalo. Igama elithi "aphorism" sahunyushelwa ngokuya imithi nezincwadi. Ukuqala kwekhulu le-19 kwaphawulwa ukubukeka izincwadi, okuyinto waziwa ngokuthi aphorisms. Ngakho, K. Washaywa eshicilelwe iqoqo, yilokho okubizwa ngokuthi "Aphorisms, nobe imicabango abalobi abahlukahlukene ekhethiwe ...". Ngokulandelayo, incwadi yaqala ukubonakala ngezitatimende enjalo, futhi kamuva leli gama kwaduma ikakhulukazi. Kwakukhona okuningi amaqoqo eyayinegama uwukubonakaliswa abalobi ezahlukene. Ngemva wayeshone isithakazelo phansi kancane, futhi ekupheleni kwekhulu lama-20 kwaba khona izincwadi nokunye ngokuthi "aphorisms." Namuhla leli gama kuphela okukhulunywa ngawo amagugu izincwadi.

Umlando aphorism njengoba uhlobo

Umlando aphorism njengoba uhlobo ubhekwa impikiswano okuningi futhi kunzima, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo futhi ebaluleke ngaphezu odlule. On umbuzo lokho aphorism izwi njengoba uhlobo, phendula ngokungananazi okungekho omunye. EJalimane, bakholelwa ukuthi kwaphakama kuphela izincwadi zanamuhla, futhi akuhlangene ne uhlobo. Nokho, ezinye izazi zigomela ngokuthi aphorism - lesi sitatimende. Ngakho-ke kudingekile ukuba sicabangele umlando wakhe ngokombono kusho. izincwadi Modern uthi ethi futhi aphorism - lokho kukunye nokuthi okufanayo. Namuhla, lezi imiqondo ehambisana amagama yongqondongqondo basendulo. amazwi Antique futhi yesimanje ngokuthi aphorisms. Ziyakwazi lutho nomunye zihlukile kungekho futhi babe izici ezifanayo ngokuya uhlobo: esifushane, asinazo izithombe, ukuhlakanipha kumbhali futhi ukuphelela semantic. Konke lokhu kubonisa ukuthi basonta uhlobo olufanayo. Ngamanye amazwi, aphorisms - amazwi yesimanje futhi amazwi - kuba zazo zangesikhathi esidlule. Bona, yebo, anezici yabo, kodwa ukukhuluma mayelana synonymy yabo namanje kungekona ukuhlakanipha ukwenzenjalo, njengoba babe umehluko othize.

Umlando aphorism, amazwi

Le nqubo wayeseke waphila iminyaka eminingi ngaphambi kwakukhona igama elithi "aphorism" ngokwalo. Kunobufakazi bokuthi ngisho enkulungwaneni yesithathu yeminyaka BC. e. eGibhithe kwakukhona amazwi. Futhi etholakala izizwe eziningi zaqala aseMpumalanga. Zithandwa ababekuso Greece. Ukuze onamazwi ngasinda kaPlato, uSocrates, Pythagoras, esingumGreki, nezinye ongqondongqondo. Esikhathini Renaissance, babendlala eYurophu. Ngo yomsebenzi ka-Erasmus «Adagia» eqoqwe lenqwaba imishwana ezinamaphiko izaga. ENgilandi aphorisms wadala Wilde, Shaw, Smiles nabanye. Ekupheleni kwekhulu le-19 baqala ukutadisha essence theory kanye incazelo lucebe kwegama elithi "aphorism". Kufanele kuqashelwe ukwanda okukhulu zezikhonzi kanye nokwethulwa Wit. Yingakho aphorisms sandile kwemibhalo, ezombusazwe kanye nomlando. Shintsha isitayela, yimuphi aphorisms ezihlekisayo, uhlamvu nakuba futhi satirical, okuyinto awuzange waphawula emazwini ephakathi.

Aphorisms. Kuyini lokhu? izibonelo yokusetshenziswa

Encyclopedia ichaza aphorism njengoba uhlobo izitatimende evumela usebenzisa lezimanga eyinkimbinkimbi ukukholisa ngokusebenzisa amazwi. Kuyinto akakwazi ukukholisa ngendlela enengqondo, futhi usebenzisa isilinganiso amazwi ezingalindelekile. isitatimende Umbhali ukholelwa ngokugcwele ngokunemba futhi isebenzisa bamba behlakaniphile futhi yokuqala ngamazwi. Ngokucaca, kufanele kubhekwe izibonelo aphorisms classical. Gorky wathi: "Ilungelo ukuba ningayeki, thatha kwesokudla." Mayakovsky: "Igama elithi - induna mabutho angabantu." Descartes: "Ngicabanga - ngiqonde khona." Marx: "Inkolo - umlaliso abantu" nabanye.

I izici eyinhloko aphorisms

Bonke bangabangasokile ezingalindelekile futhi original. Yilokho asebenza ukuqaphela kwethu. Ziyakwazi kuvisisa ngokujulile ngempela futhi egcwele izenzakalo zichaza. Awaqukathi ubufakazi oqondile futhi esivikelekile. Isici esiphawulekayo ngabo ubhekwa logic. Uma-ke kuhle ukucabangela, kungenzeka ukuthola agumenti ezidingekayo kanye nobufakazi. Abakwazi ezithinta inkumbulo yethu okubekwe ngayo yayo yasekuqaleni. Inani semantic kuthinta ukuqaphela kwethu. Kunalabo amazwi okutholakele ngempela ezingalindelekile futhi musa kuhambisane ukubukwa abantu abaningi babengenamali yokuzithenga. Nokho, lezi zimpawu yizona okuhlukile ngokuqondene nalo mthetho. Umuntu angeke alithole bathi aphorisms kukhona kwakungenangqondo futhi iphikisana. Ziyakwazi izingane yesayensi. Namuhla, sekuseduze ukuba ngokunembile ke yayo ngekulandzelana njalo.

Izici izihloko

Ngokuvamile, aphorisms ahloselwe imibuzo ethi "kuze kube phakade". Babeka amaqiniso Sekuyisikhathi eside ukhohliwe, kodwa ibalulekile ngokwanele. Azuza a, imvilophi abayeshwamayo yasekuqaleni. Futhi kakhulu ngokwanele edonsela futhi elungisa ke kumemori. Aphorisms akudingeki kokuseshwa isonto, ngokungafani amazwi. Thina njalo yilokho abalobi zabo. Izihloko amazwi has a isiqondiso kuyisiphazamiso esimisweni sokuhle nokubi, futhi aphorisms kusukela laleli banga ngobubanzi okuningi. Kunezindlela eziningi aphorisms, iziqubulo. Omunye wabo bazwakalisa Viktor Gyugo: "Impi kuya pillory." Ezinye zazo yilezi Kuyahlekisa. D. jeremic wathi: "Abenzi bokubi kukhona ngisho nalabo abafuna ngenkani ukuletha injabulo kwabanye." Kubalulekile wazi ukuthi banalo wokuthokoza romantic nasemizweni yokuthatheka. Sinenkosi ngakho isihloko "isitayela okusezingeni eliphezulu". Namuhla namanje ukuhlukanisa welithi "aphorism" futhi "umusho", naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi banayo eziningi ezifanayo. Banezinhliziyo umlando efanayo futhi basonta uhlobo olufanayo. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi imibono eyiphutha phezu aphorism namuhla bazenza wayezizwa ...