Amblyopia: Ukwelashwa abadala

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Lesisifo igama othandwayo - ". Iso oyivila" ' Lokhu zokugula ocular, lapho inqubo iqhaza kwelinye kuphela iso yomuntu. Iziguli amblyopia ziye zanciphisa acuity ezibukwayo, okuyinto cishe kungenakwenzeka ulungise indlela optical. Ngokuvamile lesi sifo sithinta abantwana babo bonke ubudala, kodwa lesi simo singenzeka kunoma abadala. Nge kusenesikhathi nokuqeda okusheshayo izizathu okuyinto wayithukuthelisa isifo, ukwelashwa okusheshayo. Ngezinye izikhathi lesi sifo ukwelashwa amblyopia e abadala cishe akunakwenzeka, uma lesi sifo saqala, futhi odokotela abakwenzayo impela Izibikezelo abampofu.

Ngo inqubo umsebenzi ezibukwayo ku umuntu enempilo abathintekayo, njengoba umthetho, kokubili amehlo. Basebenzisa yabo analyzer ezibukwayo, isithombe okubonwayo kwezinye izinto ezizungezile, umuntu udlula medium-optical. Isithombe slide retina nobuchopho ihlaziya okuholela isipiliyoni sezinzwa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo umuntu enempilo wahlangana izimo ezintathu eziyisisekelo ezidingekayo ukuze kusebenze kahle we analyzer ezibukwayo: obala ezanele abezindaba optical we iso, egxile futhi abahlukene isithombe kuyi-retina, kanye evamile umsebenzi ubuchopho embonweni futhi ukudluliswa kwezinto esizibonayo.

A amblyopia ekwelashweni isifo abadala akunakwenzeka ngoba njengoba isikhathi kukhona ukuphazamiseka eyodwa noma ngaphezulu yale mibandela engenhla. amehlo enempilo noma omunye ukuthi umuntu ubona ngcono, usesikhundleni okuholela, futhi iso nge umsebenzi okubi kakhulu nge isikhathi sokungabikho inqubo ezibukwayo.

Ngokuvamile, izimbangela yalesi sifo, kunezindlela eziningi. Kuncike kwisimo amblyopia, izinhlobo zayo kanye ukulungiswa zimi kanje:

- optical noma yezokubona, amblyopia, okuyinto eyenzeka ngo-izifo ezithile izici optical esweni. Myopia futhi hyperopia izinga eliphakeme astigmatism, umehluko omkhulu belinani amandla optical kokubili amehlo okuholela lolu hlobo amblyopia. Kwenzeka kaningi kakhulu futhi kalula kakhulu ukube isikhathi aqale ukwelashwa. Odokotela linqume umbukwane yokulungiswa ongaboni futhi yezokubona amblyopia iphele.

- amblyopia Lokudabuka usithe, okuyinto kwenzeka ikakhulukazi ebuntwaneni, ngoba ixhunyaniswe iningi amaphutha esizalwa nawo wokuhle obala abezindaba optical esweni. Lolu hlobo amblyopia angagcina ngenxa ngwengwezi aluthola, ukulimala corneal nge isibanda ngemva ngwengwezi wakhe nezinye izinguquko ezinkulu emzimbeni Vitreous. Lona fomu olunzima kunalo lonke ake amblyopia, okuyinto cishe untreatable futhi ukuba sibikezele imiphumela yalolu hlobo isifo kunzima kakhulu odokotela.

- amblyopia strabismic. iso athintekayo anezinye ukuphambuka kusuka waso nenkanuko edlulele kubangelwe strabismus noma i-nystagmus. Lezi iziyaluyalu kuhilelani ukubukeka amblyopia kubantu.

- amblyopia psychogenic e abadala, okuyinto ezimweni eziningi kwenzeka kuzo lokulwa nezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene umhayizo. Ngenxa ukucindezeleka elikhulu livela ukulahlekelwa ngokuzumayo sohlangothi olulodwa noma zamazwe amabili mbono. Ingase futhi kuhambisane ukuvela photophobia, ukwephula imibala kanye shades okuqonda, nezinye izifo ukusebenza iso. Le ndlela amblyopia kahle luphathwe yokwelapha enqunywe wumgomo ngendlela esifike ngesikhathi. Futhi kulokhu, bamehlo ukuncoma isiguli ukwelashwa ngudokotela wezengqondo, izimbangela psychogenic ka amblyopia zisekelwe hhayi iso futhi ebuchosheni ubuchopho bomuntu.

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi abasebasha isiguli, ngakho kukhona awokuthi yalokho omuhle ukwelashwa ngoba amblyopia nalesi sifo, ukwelapha abadala senzeka nzima kakhulu njengoba amandla ukuqala ukusebenza i-retina "iso oyivila" kunzima kakhulu. Uma umuntu ingane ayenezinkinga umbono nabazali aphuthelwe kuqale ukuthuthukiswa amblyopia optical, noma strabismic isizinda okunzima lezi zinkinga, lesi sifo ayisekho iqhubeka waze waba mdala. amblyopia akahlanye kwenzeka ngokuphazima kweso kungalindele muntu, futhi kungalesi sikhathi abadala. Ngokuvamile, isifo zandulelwa ukushaqeka ezinamandla ezingokomzwelo, okuholela "off" iso amahora ambalwa, futhi kwezinye izimo ezinyangeni ezimbalwa. Lesi sifo futhi sinqanyuliwe angesabi, kwaqala kanjani, ikakhulukazi uma isiguli bababelwe ukuyokhonza sedatives nenkambo usizo ngokwengqondo.

Ngaphambi kokuthi uqale nalesi sifo Amblyopia Ukwelashwa abadala kufanele bungaveli zonke izifo okungaholela umbono ukulahlekelwa. Ezinganeni ngokuvamile eyenziwa ukwelashwa kwe-occlusion, isb ukuvalwa kwama-inqubo ezibukwayo usebenzisa ekhethekile asebenzayo yesivalo iso. Ngale ndlela, odokotela bazama "ukufundisa" futhi "amandla" ukusebenza amehlo untapped. Eminyakeni eyalandela lokufeza inqubo enjalo cishe kungenakwenzeka, ngoba iso iba ngaphansi mobile abuye aphendvule kahle ukusolwa olandelanayo. Amblyopia Lokudabuka usithe uvele ingane eneminyaka engaphansi kwengu-iminyaka emithathu, ngemva kweminyaka engu-11-12 iba awushintsheki futhi untreatable. Ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuba kudokotela ngiseyingane, njengomuntu omdala ukwelapha noma yiluphi uhlobo amblyopia kunzima kakhulu ukwedlula ingane.