Amaphilisi isisu: uhlu imithi eminye esebenza ngempumelelo kakhulu. Isisu (isisu): amanani kanye nokubuyekezwa

Isisu (amaphilisi, uketshezi) semi- ezimpilweni zethu. Zisetshenziswa ukulungisa ibhalansi acid-base emzimbeni. Phela, basuke kuhoxiswe ngokuphelele kuwo ngokweqile acid alikhali. amaphilisi isisu uhlu okuyinto umxhwele ngokwanele, esetshenziswa ekwelashweni ubuthi, abanye ukulimala (ikakhulukazi uma wathola ukulimala ekhanda), ukuze ulwe nomfutho wegazi ophezulu. Kodwa, ngeshwa, hhayi wonke umuntu akazi nje lo mshini wezenzo kwala magciwane, kodwa futhi ohlangothini imiphumela bona kungabangela. Isicelo okungalungile izidakamizwa isisu kungaholela eziyingozi.

Imininingwane emfushane

Ukuze ekwelapheni izifo eziningi ezisetshenziswa amaphilisi isisu. Uhlu izidakamizwa ngempumelelo, futhi namuhla liyaqhubeka landa. Isisu babizwa nangokuthi isisu.

Umgomo wabo oyinhloko - kuyinto excretion of amanzi angadingeki amakhemikhali, nosawoti, yona evame ukuqonda isici buthelela izindonga imithambo yegazi, izicubu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isisu nethonya elihle ku-ibhalansi amanzi-usawoti.

Uma umzimba aqoqana inqwaba sodium ion, amanoni ongama iqala ukuba sigcine. Nanguya nomthelela omubi kakhulu ukusebenza izinso, inhliziyo, uhlelo hematopoietic. Ngenxa yalokho, isiguli ezihlukahlukene izifo nezinkinga zempilo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, isisu athandwa kakhulu imithi ezemidlalo. Bavame asetshenziselwa kwesisindo. Isikhathi esining impela, isisu (amaphilisi) ihlanganisiwe yokwelapha eziyinkimbinkimbi ukubhekana ezihlukahlukene izifo.

On imiphumela phezu komzimba isisu yesimanje zihlukaniswe izinhlobo ezimbili eziyisisekelo. Isigaba sokuqala izidakamizwa kuthinta inqubo uropoiesis ngokuqondile izinso. Eyesibili ifomu isisu i-hormone obhekene ukulawulwa umchamo.

isixwayiso esibaluleke

Kukhona ulwazi oluningi mayelana nokuthi amaphilisi ngamanzi, ezibalwe ngezansi, isixazululekile kalula kodwa futhi yezimonyo izinkinga. Nokho, abantu abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi le mithi ziphephile ngokuphelele. Abanye besifazane bathathe zabo izimali ezinjalo ukuze ukunciphisa umzimba. Abasubathi evame ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa phambi mncintiswano, befuna uxoshe isisindo. Uzisebenzise ngisho bodybuilders efuna ukwakha amanzi lebekiwe imisipha bheka evelele.

Nokho, abantu abathatha isisu ngaphandle kudokotela, ke isengozini. Ngemva ukwelashwa nge isisu kungaholela nemiphumela ebuhlungu. Sicela uqaphele ukuthi isisu labo abazokwazi:

1. Unekhemikhali potassium, ngaleyo ndlela ngcono ukukhathala womuntu.
2. Avuse sebethule nosawoti.
3. Khulisa ingozi sikashukela, njengoba laba kanjani nesandla ekukhuleni ka "okubi" cholesterol.
4. Ukuhlanganyela ukuchama, nokucupha ukuphazamiseka kokulala.
5. Dala izinkinga amadoda nge potency.

Kaningi, ngisho yalezo ziguli uziqonda izingozi, bakholelwa ukuthi imithi entsha "Indapamide" "Torasemide", "Arifon" ku umzimba kungukuthi zathiya. Le mithi ngempela zingcono kakhulu ibekezelelwe kuka isizukulwane amadala izidakamizwa. Nokho, kunjalo futhi eyingozi empilweni. Kodwa umthelela ongemuhle lezi zimali kwembulwe kamuva kakhulu. Enough ukuqonda lo mshini wezenzo zabo. izidakamizwa isizukulwane abadala nabasha ahloselwe into eyodwa - ukuze sikhuthaze izinso ukuba ngaphezulu umsebenzi okhandlayo. Ngakho-ke, bathatha usawoti namanzi kakhudlwana.

Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi nokugcinwa eziwuketshezi emzimbeni - kuba izimpawu zokugula okungathí sina zokugula. Ukuvuvukala singenzeka kwayona. Yavusa thuthuva sina ekusebenzeni izinso, inhliziyo, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ezinye izizathu. Ngakho-ke, isisu - izidakamizwa (uhlu lwabo kumba eqolo) imiphumela kuphela lingaze. Bona, ngeshwa, musa izimbangela zesifo. Ngakho, i-izidakamizwa kuphela ukuyeka isiphetho ezingemnandi iziguli. Ngakho-ke, abantu abafuna ukuthuthukisa impilo yazo futhi ikwazi ukulwa nalesi sifo ngempela akufanele akwenze ezinye isisu, futhi nakakhulu ukuzisebenzisa ngokwakho.

ngezigaba izidakamizwa

uhlelo Enobunye, ku angathathwa wabelane yibo bonke isisu, kukhona kuze kube manje, ngoba zonke izidakamizwa ehlukile isakhiwo sazo sekhemikhali, babe nemiphumela ezahlukene ku isimiso somzimba. Ngakho-ke, ukudala ngezigaba ephelele is hhayi eyatholakala.

Ngokuvamile, ukuhlukana kwenzeka ngokusebenzisa mshini wezenzo. Ngokusho lokhu ngezigaba ukwaba:

1. izidakamizwa Thiazide. Ziyakwazi kakhulu ekwelapheni nomfutho wegazi ophezulu, ephansi umfutho wegazi ngokuphelele. Kunconywa ukuzisebenzisa ngokuhlanganyela neminye imithi. Thiazides kungaba nomthelela umzimba, ngakho-ke, iqondiswa eziningi ezincane isisu ezinjalo. Amalungiselelo (uhlu kuphela imibukiso ethandwa kakhulu esihlokweni) kuleli qembu - a "Ezidreks", "Hydrochlorothiazide", "chlorthalidone," "Indapamide", "Hypothiazid", "Arifon".
2. Loop kusho. Athola usawoti, uketshezi emzimbeni nemiphumela yayo filtration kwezinso. Lezi izidakamizwa kunomphumela okusheshayo isisu. Loop isisu azinamphumela ku amazinga cholesterol, musa ukudala preconditions ukuvela sikashukela. Nokho, ethile yabo enkulu - it is a lot okuba nemiphumela engemihle. Izidakamizwa ezivamile "Torasemide" "Furosemide", "ethacrynic acid," "bumetanide".
3. Potassium-engashiyi ejenti. Engingakusho nje iqembu elikhulu izidakamizwa. Lezi imithi ukusiza ukwandisa okukhipha futhi sodium chloride kusuka emzimbeni. Ngakho ukususwa potassium ukunciphisa isisu izibhebhe ezinjalo. Uhlu ethandwa kakhulu imithi "amiloride", "Triamterene", "Spironolactone".
4. Aldosterone abantu abamelene nani. Lezi isisu kunethonya yokuvala i-hormone yemvelo okuyinto unawo usawoti kanye umswakama emzimbeni. Izidakamizwa zokuyithena aldosterone, neqhaza esiphethweni ketshezi. In okuqukethwe umzimba potassium akuyona encishisiwe. Omele ethandwa kakhulu iyona "Veroshpiron".

Amalungiselelo edema

izidakamizwa ezinamandla zingasetshenziswa nomphumela omuhle. Sebenzisa lokhu okulandelayo amaphilisi ngamanzi edema:

• "Torasemide";
• "Furosemide";
• "Piretanide";
• "Xipamide";
• "Bumetanide."

Imikhiqizo ngenhla belulekwa ukuthatha izifundo ezimfushane. Qiniseka ukuthi ukwenza ikhefu phakathi ukudla. Lokhu kuvimbela ukuba umlutha omzimba izidakamizwa futhi kuvimbele evelele nomphumela elikhanyayo zokwelapha.

Singasetshenziswa kanye nomthelela isilinganiso ukuphoqa isisu amaphilisi edema:

• "Hydrochlorothiazide";
• "Hypothiazid";
• "Chlorthalidone";
• "Klopamid";
• "Polythiazide";
• "Indapamide";
• "Metozalon".

amalungiselelo anjalo asetshenziswa unomphela futhi ngokuqhubekayo. Imisa Kunconywa umthamo udokotela. Imvama, kuba mayelana 25 mg ngosuku.

Ngezinye ukuvuvukala ongaphakeme ekahle potassium-engashiyi isisu ezifana "spironolactone", "amiloride", "Triamterene". Bathatha izifundo (amasonto 2-3) ne ngezikhawu izinsuku 10-14 of.

nomfutho wegazi ophezulu izidakamizwa

izidakamizwa isisu, ezisetshenziswa ngomfutho ophakeme, zihlukaniswe ngezigaba ezimbili:

1. Amathuluzi ezinika umphumela okusheshayo. Le mithi asetshenziselwa crisis unesifo sikashukela, uma kukhona isidingo yokunciphisa izingcindezi ngokushesha.
2. Kusho ekuphathweni nsuku zonke. Izidakamizwa ukuvumela ukuba balondoloze izinga kahle ingcindezi.

Ababoshwe crisis abanomfutho wegazi ophakeme uvumele imithi enamandla. Ethandwa kakhulu Isidakamizwa "Furosemide". wentengo uphansi. Ngokulinganayo aphumelele Stroke elandelayo izindlela:

• "Torasemide";
• "Bumetanide";
• "Ethacrynic acid";
• "Piretanide";
• "Xipamide".

Isikhathi izidakamizwa ngenhla kungaba izinsuku 1-3. Ngemva cupping nesimo esibucayi nge imithi enjalo enamandla ukudlula izidakamizwa ukulondoloza ingcindezi ezingeni oyifunayo nsuku zonke.

Isigaba sesibili sihlanganisa umthelela amathuluzi amandla isilinganiso. Imikhiqizo yafuna kakhulu:

• "Indapamide";
• "Hydrochlorothiazide";
• "Hypothiazid";
• "Klopamid";
• "Metozalon";
• "Polythiazide";
• "Chlorthalidone."

Lezi imithi zithathwa nsuku ngudokotela. Basuke kahle zisekelwa ingcindezi elilungile.

Izidakamizwa ngokwehluleka inhliziyo

Ngenxa yalokhu zokugula ngokuvamile nokugcinwa uketshezi emzimbeni. Lesi simo esiyingqayizivele sibangelwa kudala yamaphaphu igazi stasis. Isiguli itholwa sebuningini izimpawu ezingemnandi ezifana iphika, edema, isibindi ukwandisa, inhliziyo ukubukeka kwesifuba.

Abantu ne inhliziyo ukwehluleka udokotela ngempela wethula yokwelapha isisu. Kuyinto ngokuphelele uxwayisa kokubhekana nemiphumela ebuhlungu e ngesimo edema yamaphaphu, ukushaqeka cardiogenic. Ngakho isisu ukwandisa ukubekezelelana isiguli ukucindezeleka ngokomzimba.

Ezigulini ezine-degree lokuqala nelesibili sokuhlupheka isisu esihle - a ekwakhiweni thiazide. Zokugula lubucayi kakhudlwana isiguli idluliselwe ithuluzi strong - isisu iluphu. imithi "spironolactone" ngaphezu kwalokho kunikezelwe kwezinye izimo. Sifaneleka ikakhulu lapho bethola lezo zimali, uma isiguli athuthukile hypokalemia.

Nge buthakathaka umphumela isicelo "Furosemide" nangodokotela bababhekene nezifo zenhliziyo izidakamizwa ukuncoma ukulishintsha umuthi "Torasemide." Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi yokugcina kusho nethonya elizuzisa emzimbeni amafomu ezinzima ephethwe yisifo senhliziyo.

Izidakamizwa "Furosemide"

Medicine libhekisela isisu okusheshayo-esebenza. Effect Its kwenzeka ngemva kokungenisa emaminithi la-20. Isikhathi ukuchayeka izidakamizwa - amahora angaba ngu-4-5.

Ngempumelelo, lokhu kusho hhayi kuphela ngempumuzo esibucayi abanomfutho wegazi ophakeme. Ngokusho imiyalelo, umuthi kusiza ukumelwa inhliziyo, edema cerebral nokwamaphaphu amakhemikhali ubuthi. Ngokuvamile-ke ezinqunyiwe toxicosis ngasekupheleni ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.

Nokho, i-ejenti has, kanye contraindications esiqinile. Ungasebenzisi izidakamizwa e senyanga yokuqala sokukhulelwa. Akubalulekile ukuyisebenzisa in iziguli esingamahlalakhona kwezinso, abantu abake kahle kungakhuphula izinga likashukela, isimiso urinary.

Okuphansi izindleko "Furosemide" izidakamizwa. Intengo ruble mayelana 19.

Izidakamizwa "Torasemide"

Umuthi eyisidalwa esinenkululeko okusheshayo-esebenza. Izidakamizwa "Furosemide" kudlule biotransformation e izinso, ngakho asifanele okwazo zonke iziguli. A umuthi ngaphezulu kubantu abaphethwe izifo kwezinso, izidakamizwa uba "Torasemide" ngoba sihamba biotransformation esibindini. Kodwa ngo pathologies komzimba izidakamizwa ungase udale umonakalo omkhulu.

Ingakapheli imizuzu engu-15 eziqala imiphumela emzimbeni (njengoba kusho umbiko we anezelwe isidakamizwa "Torasemide" yokusetshenziswa). Intengo ziyahlukahluka kusuka ruble 205 kuya 655.

Tifundvo letinyenti tesikhatsi lesidze iye yaqinisekisa kahle eliphezulu izidakamizwa e yokumelwa yinhliziyo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izidakamizwa ubonisa usawoti kakhulu futhi uketshezi. Lapho lo mgwamanda ukulahlekelwa azinakwa potassium, njengoba izindlela eziphumelelayo ekuvimbeni aldosterone hormone.

Izidakamizwa "Indapamide"

Umuthi siyasebenza kakhulu ophakeme wegazi (ezinzima nobukhali ngokulinganisela). Kusho kunciphisa ingcindezi kahle iphinde igcine izinga layo elilungile usuku lonke. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwenza ukwanda kwalesi inkomba ekuseni.

Udinga ukuthatha imithi kanye tablet usuku 1, njengoba kufakazelwa izidakamizwa linamathele "Indapamide" imfundiso. Inani kusho amabanga isilinganiso ruble 22 kuya 110.

Ngaphambi ethatha kumele ayejwayele Izimo njengoba ithuluzi elikahle asifanele zonke iziguli nomfutho wegazi ophezulu. Umuthi ayenzelwanga abantu baye bathola ukushayisana kwe-izinso kanye esibindini. Akuvunyelwe imithi kwabesifazane abakhulelwe, ukufukamela omama. Lapho ukwehluleka cerebral kwegazi, anuria, hypokalemia kuthiwa contraindicated.

Izidakamizwa "Triamterene"

I umuthi nomuthi wokwandisa umchamo. Kunconywa ukuyisebenzisa lihambisana namanye isisu - "hydrochlorothiazide". Le nhlanganisela kungenzeka ukunciphisa ukulahleka umzimba potassium. Umphumela ozuzisayo inikeza izidakamizwa "Triamterene". Manual Positioning ke njengendlela agent potassium-ungahawukelanga.

Umuthi kumele kusetshenziswe, ucabangela umthamo ngokuqinile eziphakanyiswe yiNyuvesi. Abantu ne kahle izinso umsebenzi kungenzeka kunemisebenzi nemiphumela engemihle - kusezingeni anda potassium. Ngezinye izikhathi indlela kungaholela amanzi emzimbeni. Lapho uxhumana folic acid kwandisa izidakamizwa erythrocyte.

Izindleko kwezimali kuyinto ruble 316.

Izidakamizwa "spironolactone"

Umuthi i-potassium ne magniysberegayuschim izindlela. Kulesi ngempumelelo kususa emzimbeni sodium ne-chlorine. Emva kokuthola umphumela izidakamizwa isisu kwenzeka cishe 2-5 izinsuku.

Umuthi kungenzeka iqondiswa ophakeme wegazi, ezingamahlalakhona ukumelwa inhliziyo, isibindi sibe sesomile, nephrotic syndrome. Ngempumelelo ukusetshenziswa "spironolactone" ukuvuvukala ngesikhathi senyanga 2 kanye 3rd yokukhulelwa.

Hhayi izidakamizwa efanelekayo abantu abaye ukuthi nginesifo sikashukela, izinso noma yokwehluleka kwesibindi, anuria. Akuvunyelwe ukusebenzisa ithuluzi e senyanga yokuqala sokukhulelwa. Lapho hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, hypercalcemia izidakamizwa Izimo. Akufanele uyifake therapy kubantu abane isifo Addison sika.

Kungabonakala nasemkhakheni side effects e ukusetshenziswa kwemithi. Kwezinye izimo, indlela ingqondo ukuvela urticaria, pruritus, somnolence, ikhanda elibuhlungu, uhudo noma ukuqunjelwa.

Izindleko izimali nxazonke 54 ruble.

Uphenyo isisu

Iziguli eziningi unesithakazelo umbono walabo abantu zithatha kakade amaphilisi ngamanzi. Ukubuyekezwa kujwayele aqukethe ulwazi mayelana ukusebenza, imiphumela emibi.

Abantu sibhekene nenhlekelele abanomfutho wegazi ophakeme, uqinisekise ukuthi lesi sidakamizwa "Furosemide" indlela kakhulu futhi okusheshayo kahle ukusiza. Nokho, ngesikhathi esifanayo ke ugcizelela ukuthi ukusebenzisa ithuluzi kufanele kuphela udokotela futhi kule ngemithamo Kunconywa.

Qinisekisa ukusebenza kwezimali kanye nabesifazane abakhulelwe abasebenzisa izidakamizwa ezinyangeni okugcina enkathi yokukhulelwa. Iziguli bathi it is kahle eseyiqedile edema.

Kodwa ukusetshenziswa kabi kwezidakamizwa akuvunyelwe nakancane. Ngemva ikhambi "Furosemide" ngempela kalula umlutha. Ngaphandle kusho okukhiphayo kusukela potassium emzimbeni. Ngemva ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside, iziguli zingase nazo Ukudlikizela.

izidakamizwa "Indapamide" funa ngokwanele. komfutho wegazi ngokuvamile ikhambi iqondiswa. Phakathi kweziguli kukhona bezibona ukuthi isidakamizwa kahle ikubekezelele umzimba. Ngesikhathi umphumela ofanayo isisu sisihle. imicabango yabantu Negative mayelana izidakamizwa siyenzeka.

nethonya elihle emzimbeni has a ikhambi "Torasemide." Iziguli ngokuthatha izidakamizwa ngokuqinile ngokuvumelana kadokotela udokotela futhi ngaphansi kokulawula kwakhe, wathi ukuthi luhlobo siyasebenza kakhulu. It ngokuphelele kususa puffiness. Ngesikhathi izinkinga ezifanayo njengoba side effects, iziguli ningagcini.

Imiphumela Evumayo siyithola nendikimba, namanye ama-tablet isisu. Izibuyekezo sokulungiselela "spironolactone" ayebonisa ukuthi umphumela oqinile isisu. Nokho, iziguli zithi ithuluzi kufanele isetshenziswe kuphela udokotela kanye ngemithamo efanele.

iseluleko udokotela

Ngaphambi kokuqala ukuthatha inkambo isisu kumele azise udokotela ngazo zonke imithi uphuza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isici esibalulekile ukukhethwa imithi obudingekayo khona izifo. Akumele ngamabomu ukwamukela lezo zimali. Kuyadingeka ukuba ngokuqinile ulandele imiyalo udokotela. Phuza umuthi wakho ngesikhathi (lokhu kuzogwema awakenings ezingemnandi ebusuku) kanye kuphela umthamo oye olubekiwe. La maqiniso ezilula akuvumeli ukuzizwa ngemiphumela okunzima isisu.