Amaphiko disc herniated: ukuthi kuyini, ngezigaba kanye nezici ukwelashwa

Ubuhlungu yomgogodla is kwabaningi mathupha ezaziwayo. Ikakhulukazi ngokuvamile emizweni ezingemnandi kuzokwenzeka uma eguqa, unbending zomzimba. umnyango pathologies Spinal bethambekele ekubeni abantu behileleka okhandlayo esindayo, futhi enze ukunyakaza okuphindayo isikhathi eside (efektri, basefektri). Isifo ukuthi bunzima phezu kwabantu futhi abesifazane, kuyinto amaphiko herniated disc. Kuyini lokhu? Ezimweni eziningi, kokutshelwa ngokukhubazeka kwengane obubhekene nabantu asebeqinile nasebekhulile. Nokho, lapho enza okhandlayo umsebenzi amaphiko herniated disc kungenzeka abasha. Ukwelashwa yalesi sifo kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqala ngokushesha ngokushesha njengoba izimpawu zokuqala. Kwezinye izimo, ukuhlinzwa kuyadingeka.

Amaphiko disc herniated - kuyini?

Ikholomu umgogodla uhlaka skeleton ehlanganisa 33 (ngezinye izikhathi - 34) okushiwo phakathi kwabo izakhiwo. Lezi inamathelisiwe izimbambo, ukhalo kanye nebhande ehlombe. Zonke amathambo kuthiwa oxhumene by drive ehlanganisa fibrous izicubu kanye nucleus pulposus. Umsebenzi oyinhloko lezi amalunga omzimba kuba kwentengo. Iqiniso liwukuthi lapho kukhishwa eminye ukunyakaza (ukuhamba, eguqa) waphakamisa amathambo basondelana nomunye. Uma disc lilimele, kungenzeka ukuthi abathintekayo kanye nezicubu namathambo. amalunga omzimba Offset kubangela ubuhlungu ngenxa yokucinana Izinzwa izakhiwo. izifo Omunye lalivamile, kuyinto amaphiko herniated disc. Ngathi: "Kuyini?" - cela ezigulini zilethwe uphethwe. Lokhu zokugula okhula ngaso ikhefu kwezicubu lunemicu esakhiwe ngokuhlanganisa lapho disc is. Ngenxa yalokho kwakunguNk eshintsha injalo, okusho mabhamuza phambili (ihamba). Ngenxa yalokho, izicubu yediski sendaweni eyamukela umsele intervertebral. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, kukhona kokucindezelwa izakhiwo emsipheni. Ngo shift okuphawulekayo emalungeni ithambo ungaxhumana futhi kuncike umonakalo.

Izimbangela disc herniated

Ukuze uqonde ukuthi amaphiko herniated disc, kubalulekile ukwazi nezimbangela zayo. Isifo ngokumelene okuvame ukuthuthukisa emalungeni fibrotic igebe ring osteochondrosis. Yazi izimbangela ezilandelayo hernia intervertebral :

1. umthwalo ngokweqile emhlane wakhe.
2. Ukulimala umgogodla.
3. Ukhuluphele.
4. Pathology kwemisipha izicubu, lapho ukwehla lwamathambo imisipha ithoni.
5. izifo ze-endocrine.
6. Izejwayezi ezimbi. Isikhathi esiningi kuziwa ukubhema.
7. izifo esiwohlozayo lapho ithambo ekubhujisweni kwenzeka. Lezi zindleko zihlanganisa izifo ezifana nesifo sofuba kanye nogcunsula.
8. izifo lefundo (rheumatoid arthritis, SLE).

Ngokuvamile eba ngenxa herniated inhlanganisela yezici elimazayo futhi iziyaluyalu amathambo aqatha. Cishe zonke iziguli ezinalesi sifo uhlushwa osteochondrosis isikhathi eside.

Ukwahlukanisa the herniation amaphiko disc

Okuvame kakhulu iyona amaphiko herniated disc. Kuyini futhi siyini umehluko yayo? Umqondo "amaphiko" kusho ukuthi protrusion hernial iqondiswa kusukela ngasemhlane, okungukuthi, usondela emgudwini umgogodla. Kule ndawo kukhona emgogodleni. Kuye indawo lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo hernias amaphiko:

1. umonakalo ehlasela umzimba wonke. Libhekene yokuthi kwasendaweni esiqondile ukusonteka ayikwazi ukusethwa. Umonakalo ihlanganisa wonke disc intervertebral.
2. I hernia medial. Nge lolu hlobo umonakalo iqondiswa protrusion kwezicubu fibrous phakathi emseleni umgogodla.
3. hernia Paramedian. It ahluke ngokuthi protrusion siqondiswe kolunye uhlangothi umsele umgogodla.
4. hernia Foraminal. Protrusion izicubu fibrous igcwalisa isiteshi lapho impande emsipheni. Lokhu kuhambisana kokucindezelwa yayo kanye nokuthuthukiswa ezinzima ubuhlungu syndrome.
5. Medial-amaphiko paramedian disc herniation - ungachazwa ukuthi umonakalo iqondiswa kusukela maphakathi (umgogodla) kolunye uhlangothi umsele umgogodla. Okungukuthi, abangabantwana hernia kuyinto yomumo. Kulokhu, kukhona ubuhlungu futhi ugobile yomgogodla.

Izimpawu zalesi herniation amaphiko disc kabuhlungu emgogodleni wesibeletho

Emgogodleni wesibeletho ivamile amaphiko disc herniated C5-C6. Kulesisithombe emitholampilo ongafana ezingamahlalakhona cerebral esingamahlalakhona kwegazi (discirculatory encephalopathy). Izimpawu ezifana bekhanda, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, tinnitus. Ngezinye izikhathi kungenzeka ukuthuthukisa paresis noma ukukhubazeka yezingalo nemilenze. emizweni ezingemnandi zenzeka entanyeni, ukusakaza ehlombe ngaphansi isiphanga. Ngokuvamile kukhona isiyezi kanye ubuthakathaka jikelele. Ngaphezu izimpawu herniated nomgogodla wesibeletho zihlanganisa ukungakhumbuli, ukusebenza, acuity ezibukwayo, ukulala kahle. kuphakama emizweni Buhlungu emva ikhanda eguqa, kokuhlala isikhathi eside isikhundla esisodwa.

Umtholampilo herniation kabuhlungu emgogodleni lumbar

Ngaphezu yomgogodla wesibeletho, protrusion ijwabu fibrous ngokuvamile kwenzeka esifundeni lumbar. Kulokhu, ukuthuthukisa ngokukhukhumala kwentamo amaphiko herniated disc L4-L5. Lokhu zokugula kuyingozi ngoba kungenzeka umgogodla cord yokulimala. Esimweni esinjalo kuphakama paresis noma ukukhubazeka kwabo bonke kwebhande okhalo. Isiguli ayikwazi ukuhambisa. Futhi kwaphazamisa ikhono lokulawula esinyeni futhi sphincter we ingemuva. Lezi izimpawu zenzeka lapho kubhujiswa kudiski egumbini medial. Uma umonakalo kancane aphambuka maphakathi emgogodleni, kukhona ugobile yomgogodla. Ngo lesion ehlasela umzimba we disc intervertebral kungenzeka lungasebenzi. Ngakho-ke, Kulezo zimo, ngokuvamile ukwelashwa kudingekile kuhlinzwa.

Ukuxilongwa hernia intervertebral

Ukuthi isifo aliholeli ukukhubazeka, udokotela uphethwe ngesikhathi esifanele kanye nokwelashwa kwe-amaphiko disc herniation kufanele sigcwaliswe. Kungaba usola lo zokugula izimpawu ezifana ubuhlungu anda uma uhamba, kuthambekela futhi ukujikeleza isiqu. Ukuze uqinisekise uphethwe, olwenziwa izindlela wezinsimbi of luhlolo. Isinyathelo sokuqala siwukuba ukwenza X-ray yomgogodla, uhlangabezana ubuhlungu. Kwezinye izimo lokhu akwanele. Ngakho-ke, i-computer tomography yomgogodla ngokuvamile kwenziwa ezimweni okusolakala amaphiko umbhunu. Ngenxa CT Ungasetha ubukhulu protrusion kanye nendawo yayo ngqo. Futhi ukuhlola wezinsimbi, luhlolo zezinzwa wenziwa. Ngakho uzimisele zone ezinzwa impande kokucindezelwa, khona izinkinga (paresis, futhi kokucindezelwa yegazi).

Ukwelashwa nokuvikelwa amaphiko disc herniation

Ukwelashwa nokuvikelwa amaphiko herniated disc uqale nge ukwelashwa nokunamathela. Kuyadingeka aluqede ngokuphelele umsebenzi, ngangokusemandleni ukuhambisa. Linqume imithi ethile eqeda ukuvuvukala "Diclofenac", "Mydocalm", "Prednisolone". Kufanele futhi imithi kwakudingeka aqinise amathambo izicubu. Lezi zihlanganisa "Chondroitin sulfate" izidakamizwa, "glucosamine", "calcium-D3 Nycomed". Ezimweni eziningi zidinga okokugqoka ekhethekile corset kanzima eqinisa emuva omunye isikhundla. eboniswe Futhi yokuzijwayeza (agcinwe kule isikhundla amanga), nezinqubo physiotherapeutic.

Nge ukuqhubeka zokugula kanye ukungabikho kusebenta yokwelapha yezokwelapha zidinga ukwelashwa kuhlinzwa. Ukusebenza nge herniation emikhulu kuyisizathu laminectomy. Odokotela yakhetha ke uma ngiphoqelekile ngempela, njengoba lokhu kokungenela kuhambisana ingozi lokubuya kwesifo kanye nezinkinga. Ukuze hernias encane yomgogodla wesibeletho wenziwa microdiskectomy. Kungaba kwenziwe nge laser.

Ukuvimbela hernia intervertebral

Ukuvimbela okuvela umbhunu, kubalulekile ukwenza umzimba ekhethekile ukuqinisa imisipha, ukuqeda ukubhema ngezikhathi ezithile ukuthatha amavithamini ukuthi i-calcium. Ephambi kwezinduna esiwohlozayo disc isifo kufanele uvakashele udokotela wezinzwa okungenani 1-2 izikhathi ngonyaka bese ulandela izincomo udokotela.