Amanita muscaria

I-fly fly agaric ivela emahlathini axutshwe, e-coniferous nase-deciduous, ekwakheni ama-mycorrhizas (amakhowe - "ukusebenzisana okuzuzisayo okuzuzisayo") nge-birch kanye ne- coniferous trees.

Isigqoko se-mushroom sisekuqaleni kwe-globular, bese siphezulu, futhi, ekugcineni, sishaye, sisuka ku-orange kuze kube obomvu. Ebusweni bayo kukhona ama-"warts" amhlophe noma aphuzi okwesibhakabhaka, okuvame ukuma okungavamile. Ukuvuthwa nokudala okubomvu ama-agaric kuyahlukaniswa nokukhona kwe-banding emaphethelweni we-cap.

Inyawo elincane lamakhowe lingamhlophe noma limhlophe, linesimo sokuqina kwesibindi. Lapho kuqina khona kukhona "ama-warts" amhlophe afakwe emigqeni eminingi ehamba phambili emibuthanweni eqondile.

Amanita muscaria iqukethe inqwaba yezinto ezinobuthi (choline, muscarine, betaine, muscaridine, putrescine, bufotenin nezinye izinto). Ezinye zazo ziyi-toxins enamandla. I-Bufotenin inomphumela we-galucinogenic.

Izakhiwo eziyaziwa yi-insecticidal (izinambuzane ezibulala) zithinta izinhlanzi ezibomvu ze-agaric ngenxa ye-zoetenenic acid.

Ubuhlungu balezi fungi buyinto engavamile kakhulu. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-fly agaric ididekile nanoma iyiphi i-mushroom inzima kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, ubuthi obuthi buyenzeka. Njengomthetho, ziyabonakala ezinganeni ezincane ezazidla amakhowe "amahle" ngokungabikho kwabantu abadala. Izimpawu eziyinhloko zokwehla ubuthi zihlanganisa ubuhlungu besisu, ukuhlanza, ukulila, i-dyspnea, ukunciphisa abafundi, ukujuluka nokukhuphuka. Ezimweni ezimbi, ukuphazamiseka, ukuphazamiseka kwenhliziyo, nokuhuda kungenzeka. Ukufa ekusebenzeni akubhalisiwe.

U-Amanita muscaria ubomvu. Ukusetshenziswa

Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi kunezimo zokungenisa kule fungus. Isibonelo, kusuka emafreyini ama-fly agarics alungiselela i-tincture kwi-vodka. Unomthelela oqinile we tonic. Ngokufanayo, ngokufaka amajikijolo, ama-blueberries ayelungiselelwe izakhamuzi zaseKamchatka. Noma kunjalo, izincomo zokusetshenziswa kwe-fungus azikwenziwa.

Ngokuqondene nezakhiwo ze-hallucinogenic, i-fly agaric yayisetshenziswa ama-shamans. Ngenxa yokuthatha amakhowe ukudla, izikhonzi zamasiko asezindaweni zasendulo zingathola ukuthokoza kwenkolo futhi zithole amakhono angaphezu kwamandla.

Ngaphandle kwama-shamans, izidalwa ezindizayo zasebenzisa izintandokazi nezindabuko. Ezikhathini zasendulo, umculi wadla kusukela kumakhowe angama-9 kuya kwamashumi amabili futhi waqala ukuhlabelela ubusuku bonke bomlando.

Ukudla okwenziwe ngamakhowe phakathi kweKoryaks kwakuyingxenye ebalulekile ngesikhathi seholide ekwindla "holo" (iholidi lokudoba).

Ukusetshenziswa kwe-fly agarics kwavusa isimo se-delirium, ukugoqa ngamalungu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo abanye abantu bangadansa, bagxume, bajabule, abanye baphupha esihogweni, besabeka, abanye bangase baqale ukuphenduka ezonweni zabo. Kwezinye izimo, abantu balingisa "izenzo" ze-fly agarics ngokwabo. Isibonelo, bafaka isigqoko futhi bahamba ngezingqamuzana ezincane noma ipayipi lomswakama. Ukunciphisa esikhundleni sithatha indawo, abantu bawela ebuthongweni obukhulu. Kwaphela okwesikhashana, abantu abathatha amakhowe bangase bazizwe bekhululekile. Ukudakwa ngokweqile kwandisa i-libido kwezinye izimo. Ezimweni eziningi, ubuhlungu balezi fungi bubonakala ngokushintshashintsha kwemizwa, ukubukeka kwezinto ezibukwayo (umbala wombono, ukuphindaphinda kokubili izinto nabanye). Ubuthongo obunzima bokulandela buhambisana nokulahlekelwa kwememori.

Emithini yemithi, kunezindlela zokupheka eziningana esebenzisa ama-fly agarics. Ngenxa yokwanda kwe-fungi, ukusetshenziswa kwabo emtholampilo esemthethweni kuvunyelwe.

Ama-angulates amaningi (i-wild roe deer, inyamazane, i-moose) sebenzisa i-flying agaric ukuze ilahle i-helminths (izibungu).