Ama-anticoagulants - izidakamizwa ezithinta ukweqa kwegazi

Ngaphansi kwezimo ezivamile, igazi lingaphansi kwesimo segazi, okuqinisekisa ukuhamba kwayo ngokusebenzisa uhlelo lokujikeleza. Ezifweni ezithathelwanayo nezihlaselayo, kanye nokudakwa, izakhiwo zayo zishintshashintsha, ezithinta kakhulu izinqubo zokusebenzisa umzimba kanye nokusebenza kwezitho zangaphakathi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, isivinini segazi coagulation sinokubaluleka okukhulu kwezinto eziphilayo. Kungasheshe futhi ijubane. Ezokwelapha, ama-pharmacy amaningi asetshenziselwa ukusiza ukuthi izinga lokuvinjwa kwegazi lilawulwa kanjani. Ama-anticoagulants yizidakamizwa ezinciphisa inqubo yegazi yokugaya , futhi izindlela zokusheshisa lesi senzo sokuvikela zibizwa ngokuthi ama-coagulants.

Indlela yokweqa nokubunjwa kwe-thrombi kuyinkimbinkimbi ye-biochemical inqubo evikela umzimba ekulahlekelweni kwegazi ngokwephula ubuqotho bemithambo yegazi. Le nqubo yenziwa yi-prothrombin, ehlanganiswa esibindi, namaplatelet, anamathele emigqeni ye-collagen emaphethelweni omkhumbi owonakele. Enqubo ye-hydrolysis platelet, ama-macroergic compounds (adenosine triphosphate kanye ne-adenosine diphosphate acids), i-thromboplastin ne-vasoconstrictor izinto - i-noradrenaline, i-adrenaline, i-serotonin ifihliwe. Bancipha isibani somkhumbi. I-Thromboplastin ngaphansi kwethonya lamaprotheni e-calcium nama-plasma axhumane ne-prothrombin namafomu okuthinta i-prothrombin, okuyinto eneprotheni (fibrinogen) ephenduka i-fibrin engenayo i-fibrin egubungele ukukhanya kwe-vasen.

I-blood coagulability iyancipha izifo ezihambisana nokwehla kwezinga le-calcium egazini, ukwehla ekugxileni kwamaplatelet, ukwephula ukuhlanganiswa kweprothrombin, fibrinogen, umsebenzi owanele we-thrombokinase ne-vitamin K. Njengama-coagulants emithi, sebenzisa i-thrombin, i-fibrinogen, i-calcium chloride, i-vikasol, i-aminocaproic acid, imifino Amalungiselelo (amaqabunga enambuzane, i- pepper yamanzi).

Ama-anticoagulants yizidakamizwa ezicindezela umsebenzi wesimiso sezinto eziphilayo, okuhlinzeka ngegazi ukugaya futhi kuvimbela ukwakheka kwezindwangu zegazi emifuleni yegazi. Bacindezela zonke noma ezinye izigaba zokugaya igazi. Kuyaziwa ukuthi isimo segazi esiyi-liquid sigcinwa yi-enzyme ethize kanye ne-antitrabmin. Ukuze uvimbele ukwakheka kwezindwangu zegazi, sebenzisa i-anticoagulants eqondile. Zithinta izici ze-clotting yegazi, liphuze le nqubo emzimbeni noma nge-vitro. I-citrate ye-sodium (i-citrate ye-sodium) ne-EDTA (i-ethylenediaminetetraacetate acid) ibopha i-calcium ye-ionisi edidiyelwe iphinde iguqulwe ku- calcium citrate, noma ibe yinkimbinkimbi nge-EDTA. Mayelana nokususwa kwe-i-calcium ions kusuka ohlelweni lokuqhafaza igazi, i-thrombin ne-fibrin ayakhiwanga. I-Heparin ingasebenzi izici ze-thrombogenic futhi iphuza ukuguqulwa kwe-prothrombin ukuze ikhuphuke. Ama-anticoagulants - izidakamizwa ezisebenza ngokuqondile zenzelwe ukumpontshelwa igazi kanye nezivivinyo ze-laboratory hematology ukuvimbela ukugaya igazi, kanye nokwelapha izifo ezihambisana nokuvinjelwa kwegazi okusheshayo. Lezi zidakamizwa zisetshenziselwa ukuvimbela nokuphatha izinkinga ze-thromboembolic.

Ama-Anticoagulants okungaqondile - i-dicumarin, i-coumarin, i-syncumar - vimba ukuhlanganiswa kwama-enzyme ahlanganyela ekunqandeni kwegazi. Zivimbela ukwakheka kwe-thrombin esibindi. Le nqubo iqala emzimbeni amahora angu-12-72 futhi ibonakale esikhathini sezinsuku ezimbili kuya kweyishumi. Le mithi isenzo eside. Ama-anticoagulants - amalungiselelo okusebenza okungaqondile aqokelwe i-prophylaxis nokuphathwa kwe-thromboses, emboli, thrombophlebitis.