Aksenov Vasily: Biography futhi izincwadi ezingcono kakhulu yomlobi

Aksenov Vasiliy Pavlovich - eyaziwa emibuthanweni ebanzi umbhali waseRussia. Imisebenzi yakhe igcwele umoya khulula, kanzima futhi ethinta inhliziyo, ngezinye izikhathi surreal, ungashiyi ngabandayo hhayi umfundi oyedwa. Isihloko biography Vasily Aksenov kanye nohlu imisebenzi yakhe ezithakazelisayo kakhulu tetemibhalo ezocatshangelwa.

eminyakeni yokuqala

Ngo-1932, ngo-August 20 e Kazan Pavel Aksenov, usihlalo we-Kazan City Council, kanye Eugenia Ginzburg, umfundisi Kazan Pedagogical Institute, wazalwa indodana Basil. Ngokwe-akhawunti emkhayeni wayenguKristu Ingane yesithathu, kodwa kuphela ezivamile. Kodwa lapho engasekude kusasele iminyaka emihlanu ubudala, bobabili abazali (ekuqaleni unina ke uyise) uboshwe bese yicala, ngamunye iminyaka eyishumi ejele. Ukuba emakamu kukaStalin, Eugenia Ginzburg kamuva Likhipha encwadini Umlando kwenkathi yokucindezelwa "Okusheshayo", ositshela mayelana iminyaka eyishumi nesishiyagalombili ayichitha ejele, ekudingisweni, le Kolyma emakamu. Kodwa manje akusona ngalokho, sinesithakazelo kwesikwenzayo biography Vasily Aksenov.

Ngemva isiphelo sesimiso abazali izingane ezindala - Alyosha (indodana ka Yevgenia Ginzburg) kanye Maya (indodakazi ka-Pavel Aksenov) - wayiswa abakhuliswa ngayo. Futhi Vasya ngenkani ziyiswe ekhaya lezintandane izingane iziboshwa (ugogo umfana zafuna ukumgcina, kodwa awazange abavumele). Ngo-1938, lo mzalwane Petra Aksenova, Andreyan, bafuna ingane ekhaya Kostroma zezingane futhi wazithathela. Kuze 1948, Bob wayehlala nezihlobo ohlangothini zoyise, Motti Aksenova kuze ededelwa ejele ngo-1947, umama womfana wayengazange imvume ukuhambisa kwendodana yakhe kuze kube Kolyma. Kamuva, umbhali Vasily Aksyonov ukuchaza ebusheni babo Magadan enovelini "Shisa."

Ezemfundo kanye nomsebenzi

Ngo-1956 wathola iziqu Leningrad Medical Institute nabo nokusatshalaliswa ezingamaKristu kwakudingeka zisebenzele njengoba udokotela e-Baltic Inkampani yokuthumela ku imikhumbi. Nokho, ukubekezelelana ayikazeki, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi abazali bazo ngesikhathi avuselelwe. Kunobufakazi bokuthi Aksenov Vasily ngokuhlukaniswa wasebenza njengoba udokotela Karelia, eNyakatho Ekude yeCanada, esibhedlela-TB e Moscow (ngokuvumelana neminye imininingwane, kwaba ngumxhumanisi ngesikhathi Research Institute isifo sofuba e Moscow), kanye ethekwini commercial kweLeningrad.

Ukuqala umsebenzi yetemibhalo

umbhali Professional Aksyonov angabhekwa ngo-1960. Ngo-1959, wabhala inoveli "Osebenza nabo" (kuso ngo-1962 wadutshulwa ifilimu efanayo), ngo-1960 - umkhiqizo "Star Ticket" (i-movie "Umfowethu omncane" yathathwa nguye 1962), emibili eminyakeni lelandzelako - sigaba inoveli "Amawolintshi Engenawo Umbala kusukela Morocco", futhi ngo-1963 - noveli "sekuyisikhathi, umngane wami, sekuyisikhathi." Kwabe sekufika incwadi Vasiliya Aksenova "Catapult" (1964) kanye "Halfway To the Moon" (1966). Udlala "Njalo ukudayiswa", okuyinto ngonyaka ofanayo ukubeka esiteji "Contemporary" yalotshwa 1965. Ngo-1968 wakhipha umqulu indaba satirical eqanjiwe uhlobo "ezinqwabelanayo Impahla Barrel". Ngo sixties imisebenzi zenzeka ekhulwini lamashumi amabili ka Vasily Aksenov ngokuvamile inyatheliswe "Youth" magazini. Umlobi iminyaka eminingi wasebenza ibhodi isihloko salolu shicilelo.

yoma

"- isikhumbuzo umkhulu," ngo-1972 - ingxenye yesibili - engxenyeni yokuqala Inoveli adventure izingane yanyatheliswa ngo-1970, "A isiqu lapho kukhona ongqongqozayo." Ngo-1971 wakhipha umqulu noveli "Uthando kagesi" (mayelana leonid Krasin), Ubhalwe uhlobo zomlando-oluchaza. Ngemva konyaka, ephephabhukwini "INguqulo Yezwe Elisha" umsebenzi yokulinga lishicilelwe ngaphansi kwesihloko esithi "Ukufuna uhlobo." Ngo-1972, inoveli "Dzhin Ukusineka - untouchable 'nayo wadala, okuyinto kwaba inkulumo yokulingisa yesenzo movie mayelana izinhloli. Ngaphezu kwakhe Aksenov Vasily basebenza kanye Gregory Pozhenyanom futhi Oleg Gorchakov. Umkhiqizo weza kwentiwe Grivadiya Gorpozhaks (mbumbulu inhlanganisela amagama kanye nezibongo ngabalobi abathathu). Ngo-1976, umlobi elihunyushwe kusuka inoveli English "Awe-Ragtime," Doctorow Edgar Lawrence.

imisebenzi yangaphandle

Biography of Vasily Aksenov egcwele nobunzima nobunzima. Ngo-March 1966, lapho iqhaza ukuboniswa ngokumelene umzamo uhlose izimilo Stalin eMoscow ngo-Red Square, umbhali ebambekile zamasosha. Eminyakeni emibili eyalandela Aksenov abeke isignesha yakhe ochungechungeni izincwadi zithunyelwe ekumeleleni eyamukelwayo, futhi babakhuza ngoba igatsha eMoscow we Writers 'Union ne engena ibhizinisi.

UNikita Khrushchev emhlanganweni obuhle nezazi 1963 ngokucijile wagxeka Vasily Aksenov futhi Andrey Voznesensky. Lapho usuqedile "ncibilika", imisebenzi komlobi ayekile ukushicilela ekhaya. Ngo-1975 kwalotshwa noveli "Burn", okuyinto sekushiwo. Ngo ukushicilelwa yakhe angizange Ngethemba Vasily Aksenov. "I Isiqhingi eCrimea" - inoveli uhlobo fantasy - njengoba ekuqaleni umuntu wadalwa ngumlobi ngaphandle ukulindela ukuthi umkhiqizo bayokhululwa ukuphrinta ukubona izwe. Ngaleso sikhathi (1979) critique yomlobi sasiba sibi nakakhulu ukuthi waqala lushelele epithets ezifana "anti-kazwelonke", "non-Soviet". Kodwa ngo-1977-1978 Aksenov isebenza yaqala ukubonakala phesheya, ikakhulukazi e-United States.

Bekanye Erofeev Viktor Iskander Fazil, Belloy Ahmadulinoy, Bitovym Andreem futhi Evgeniem Popovym Aksenov Vasily baba co-umxhasi futhi umhleli we lwencwadi "Metropol" ngo-1978. In the press Soviet censored akazange hit, kodwa wanyathelisa e-United States. "Kwenaba" khona-ke ngaphansi zonke kubahlanganyeli lwencwadi. Lokhu kwalandelwa waxoshwa kulo Writers 'Union Yerofeyev futhi Popov, futhi ngaphakathi khalaza Vasily Aksenov, kanye Semenom Lipkinym futhi Inna Lisnyanskaya Iphinde yamemezela sokuhoxisa kusukela ubambisane.

Life e-USA

Ngesikhathi isimemo kwehlobo lika-1980 umbhali kwesokunxele for the United States, futhi ngo-1981, ngoba bancishwa yisakhamuzi wase-USSR. Aksyonov wahlala e-United States kuze 2004. Phakathi nokuhlala kwakhe khona, wasebenza njengoba uprofesa izincwadi Russian emanyuvesi ezahlukene Melika: Kennan Institute (kusukela ngo-1981 kuya ku-1982-th), University of Washington (kusukela ngo-1982 kuya kowe-1983-th), Goucher College (kusukela ngo-1983, futhi 1988 th), Mason University (kusuka 1988 kuya ku-2009). Ngingathi njenge-journalist kusukela ngo-1980 kuya ku-1991. Aksenov Vasily uye wabambisana "Radio Liberty", "I VOICE OF AMERICA" lwencwadi "Isenzo" futhi umagazini "Izwekazi". umbhali Radioocherki zashicilelwa "Decade ekutheni anyundele" iqoqo lwanyatheliswa ngo-2004.

E-United States wabona ukukhanya lobhalwako kuphela, kodvwa hhayi eshicilelwe emisebenzini Russian "Burn", "Golden lronburg zethu", "The Island eCrimea", iqoqo "ilungelo walesi siqhingi." Nokho, e-America Waqhubeka ukudala "Saga eMoscow" Vasily Aksenov (Trilogy, 1989, 1991, 1993), "Negative iqhawe omuhle" (iqoqo tindzaba letimfisha, 1995), "okusha Sweet Style" (inoveli ngokuphila kwabokufika Soviet e-United States, 1996) - konke lokhu kwalotshwa esikhathini wokuphila e-United States. Umlobi wadala imisebenzi hhayi kuphela ngesiRashiya, inoveli "I isikhuphasha neqanda" (nakuba kamuva elihunyushwe ngumlobi) yabhalwa ngesiNgisi ngo-1989. Ngesikhathi isimemo Jack Matlock, inxusa US, okokuqala kusukela uya phesheya (yiminyaka emakhulu asithoba) Aksenov wafika eSoviet Union. Ngo-1990 umbhali wabuyela yisakhamuzi yakhe Soviet.

Umsebenzi eRussia

Ngo-1993, lapho Ephakeme oPhethe ukushesha, Vasily Aksenov isivuliwe wazwakalisa izinkolelo kwabo, bazwakalisa ubumbano nabantu ngemvume ekusekeleni incwadi Yeltsin. Antonom Barschevskim ngo-2004 trilogy "eMoscow Saga" yathathwa eRussia. Ngawo lowo nyaka ephephabhukwini "Okthoba" eshicilelwe umsebenzi umbhali "Voltairiens futhi Voltairiennes", kamuva ukhishwa le Booker Prize. Ngo-2005, Aksyonov wabhala ngesimo incwadi siqu idayari Umlando ngokuthi "inhlamvu yeso lakhe uthi."

Eminyakeni yokugcina yokuphila kwakhe

Eminyakeni wokugcina umbhali nomkhaya wakhe babehlala e-France, emzini Biarritz, eMoscow. E-Moscow, January 15, 2008 Aksenov wazizwa egula, esesibhedlela e- esibhedlela 23. Ngo umbhali kwatholakala ukuthi unesifo ngemivimbo. Ngemva kosuku Vasily Pavlovich adlulisiwe Sklifosovsky Isibhedlela, efike wahlinzwa khona ukususa ihlule legazi umfula carotid senziwa. Kwaphela isikhathi eside isimo komlobi kwaba zazinzima kakhulu. Futhi ngo-March 2009, ukuxakeka entsha sekukhona. Aksyonov wayiswa Burdenko Institute futhi kabusha eziqhutshwa. Khona-ke Vasily Pavlovich kwaphinde esibhedlela Sklifosovsky Isibhedlela. Kwakulapho-July 6, 2009 umbhali wafa. Vasily Pavlovich wangcwatshwa e Moscow, at emathuneni Vagankovsky. Ngo-November 2009, e Kazan, endlini lapho bebahlala umbhali, umsebenzi wakhe kwakuhlelwa Museum.

Vasily Aksenov: "Lo ugqozi engaqondakali. A inoveli mayelana sixties "

Lona zokugcina umsebenzi igcwaliswe yalotshwa umlobi abanamakhono. It yanyatheliswa yaphelela ngemva kokufa Aksyonov ngo-Okthoba 2009. "Iqoqo izindaba nendlwana" kulesi izahluko ngabanye yashicilelwa ngo-2008 kule ncwadi. I inoveli ngokuphila kwakhe, izinhlamvu zakhe are Thixo ubuciko nezincwadi sixties kwekhulu lamashumi amabili: Yevgeny Yevtushenko, Bulat Okudzhava, Andrei Voznesensky, u-Ernst Neizvestny, Robert Rozhdestvensky, Bella Ahmadulina Marlene Hutsiev, uVladimir Vysotsky, Andrei Tarkovsky nabanye. Aksenov babelwe izinhlamvu amagama ngamanga ukusebenza ongakaphathelani uhlobo memoir.

Umklomelo, imiklomelo, inkumbulo

E-United States, umbhali ukhishwa degree of Doctor of Humane Izincwadi. Waphinde waba yilungu American League kanye nombhali PEN Club. Ngo-2004, i-umkhiqizo "Voltairiens futhi Voltairiennes" Aksenov umklomelo "Russian Booker". Ngemva konyaka yena yanikezelwa Order of Arts and Izincwadi. Umlobi wayeyilungu Russian Academy of Arts.

Minyaka yonke kusukela ngo-2007, tetemibhalo-zomculo festival international e Kazan ngokuthi "Aksenov-Amazing". Ngokokuqala ngqá wayesenabo iqhaza siqu Vasily Pavlovich. Ngo-2009, etemibhalo endlini Museum of umlobi odumile uvulekele, manje isebenza umsebenzi wokubhala edolobheni club. Ngo-2010 Ngabona "utsheleke-ukuqasha" ukukhanya kwakhe sidle umbhali kule noveli. isethulo sakhe wawenziwa ngo-November 7 Endlini-Museum of Vasily Aksenov.

Evgeny Popov futhi Alexander Kabakov ngo-2011 ngokuhlanganyela wanyathelisa incwadi ka izinkumbulo Vasilii Pavloviche ukuthi kangaka okuthiwa "Aksenov." Kuyo, babheka isiphetho umbhali, butholakala enqubweni eyinkimbinkimbi yokuthela biography, inqubo ukuzalwa ubuntu okukhulu. Umsebenzi oyinhloko kanye nomqondo incwadi - ukuvimbela ukuhlanekezela amaqiniso ngenxa labo noma eminye imicimbi.

umndeni

UMfoweth 'Vasily Aksenov ohlangothini kwabakhulelwe, Alex, wabulawa nokuvinjezelwa kweLeningrad. UDade kayise, isiMaya - uthisha-methodologist, umbhali izincwadi eziningi ku isiRashiya. unkosikazi Okokuqala kwaba umbhali Kira Mendeleva, oshadile ukuba indodana yakhe Alexey Aksenov wazalwa ngo- 1960. Yena njengamanje usebenzela njengoba umqondisi art. unkosikazi wesibili umfelokazi umbhali, Mayya Aksenova (owazalwa ngo-1930), imfundo uchwepheshe namanye amazwe. Phakathi nokuphila umndeni e-United States wayesifundisa isiRashiya e-Russia wayesebenza esikhumulweni Chamber of Commerce. Izingane ndawonye Vasily Pavlovich futhi Maya Afanasevny kwakungeyona, kodwa Aksenov kwaba nendodakazi ka Elena (owazalwa ngo-1954). Washona ngo-August 2008.