Akershus inqaba e Norway: incazelo kanye nezithombe

Akershus - Fortress e Oslo, inhloko-dolobha Norway. Ekuqaleni, isakhiwo umsebenzi zokuzivikela usikhiphile, kodwa ngekhulu le-17-ke wanikezwa sangempela izici sici Renaissance futhi Yempucuko. Zizungeze udonga. Mayelana nalesi inqaba sifunda ngamaqiniso amaningi zomlando kusukela sihloko ngezansi.

Umlando endaweni

Akershus - inqaba eNorway, Haakon eyasungulwa oNgcwele konung bodumo. Isakhiwo sise Kapa ugeza ngamanzi Oslo Ford, ngaleyo ndlela sihlukaniswe ku amatheku ezimbili. Eduze Akers emfuleni, sakhela phezu amabhange zazo igama iyona endala kunawo edolobheni. Kulapha e 1308.

EScandinavia kwaba inqaba ukubaluleka ezihlose impumelelo ezingenza kunomthelela emandleni amabutho isimo. Inganekwane ethile ithi sokuhlala elele ngemva kokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo konung Alva Erlingsson, abafika bevela Sarpsborg e 1287. Akershus - Fortress (Norway), esehlukile Iqiniso lokuthi ngaphambi kokuba kulelizwe engakathenjiswa umshado ekwakhiweni itshe futhi isitini, ngakho-ke kwaba igxathu esemqoka ekuthuthukisweni bokwakha. Umlando aliyinikezi lapho kwase kubekwe isisekelo. Kwenzeka cishe ekupheleni kwekhulu weshumi nantathu.

okukhulunyiwe

Kuleli sayithi ungafunda kusuka emithonjeni ebhaliwe, wadala e 1300, okungukuthi, isigijimi Haakon - lo, inkosi yezwe - emagunyeni zesonto ezisenhloko-dolobha. Nokho ukhona, ulwazi ubuye ngempela ezingacacile. Kuyinto engenakwenzeka ukuqonda ngasiphi isigaba ukwakhiwa, kodwa umgomo ocacile kahle, obadalwa Akershus inqaba ngamandla amakhulu nangengalo amakhono zokuzivikela.

Wayefanele ukuvikela lo muzi ekuhlaselweni sihlaselwa abantu bangaphandle, ngoba nge 1299 Oslo waba inhloko-dolobha yokuqala isimo. Amalungiselelo obekuyiso isikhathi, ngoba 1308 edolobheni kwadingeka akhuthazelele lokuvimbezela, okuyinto wakwazi ngempumelelo.

AbaseSweden balwa, ogama umholi Knutsson Erik, zaphoqeleka ukuba ashona. Lapho kwakhiwa 1527-th ukubuqonda ukungajabuli - balawulwa yayo futhi umlilo ngenxa yomonakalo omkhulu. Ukuze kabusha usebenzisa itshe alethwe esiqhingini kamakhelwane, lapho kwakukhona khona yesonto Cistercian.

zokuhlala Ezemfundo

Ngokufunda umlando, kuyafaneleka kokukhuluma esikhathini lapho uChristian IV ka, libuswa 1624 walayela ithebhu kwaleli dolobha ezindongeni Akershus Castle. Castle kusukela iphuzu lempi kancane kancane waqala jikisa endaweni yokuhlala, lapho ukuphila ngawo ugcwaliseka ngokugcwele. Idolobhana omusha okuthiwa Christiania yokudumisa umbusi.

Ukwakhiwa kwenziwa ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-17 ngendlela afanele Yempucuko. Ukuhlola lokhu lesikhumbuzo bokwakha, kuyathakazelisa kakhulu ukubona emabhalekisini, ukudalwa okuyinto kuhlehlela emuva eminyakeni 1747-1778, kanye nenqaba we engxenyeni engaphakathi eziyinkimbinkimbi. Kamuva umsebenzi wokuvuselela izakhiwo zenzeka lapha.

Emakhulwini eminyaka th 18-19 wabusa ukwehla, njengoba le ndawo yayisetshenziswa njengesikhungo ejele, ukuze ayikwazi enginakho kakhulu ubuhle bayo nangobuciko. Kube kwaphethwa ngokuthi Lofthus Christian phakathi neminyaka 1787-1797., Ngokuthi kuye isiboshwa unembeza.

buyekeza inqaba

Capital nokubuyiselwa isakhiwo labetibambile ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-19. Ngemva kokulungiswa lapha nalaphaya lapha aseqalile nokuqalisa amasu izikhulu zikahulumeni. Akershus - inqaba, obuso bakhe ishintshile kakhulu ngenxa P. Blix, owayenguyise umdali yephrojekthi ye ukulungiswa, eklanyelwe ngo-1896.

Ngo-1897 i-lomumo elivunyiwe kanye enikeziwe imali yesibonelelo sikahulumeni nokuqaliswa kwalo yiPhalamende Norwegian. Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, ke iqala umsebenzi wayo eyinkimbinkimbi Museum. Ukubuyiselwa abayekanga kuze 1976. The touch sokugcina kwaba Olave Igumbi olusha lapho imisebenzi izikhathi esemthethweni aphethwe kuze kube yilolu suku.

amandla ezingafinyeleleki

Isici esikhethekile lolu isakhiwo Kuyaphawuleka ukuba ngingehlelwa nangeyodwa kulezi isitha bengakwazanga ukuzithoba entandweni yakhe. Siege njalo saphela ukubaleka. Sokunikela kuphela kwenzeka ngo-1940, lapho amaJalimane isihambile ezindongeni.

Fight akugcine, ukuze ithuba wangempela ukuhlola izakhiwo kwakuphuma amandla ayetfulwanga. Khona-ke uhulumeni Oslo ukuba ngokuzithandela bawushiye lowo muzi.

Akershus - inqaba, ukudalulwa kwalo okungahle uphefumulela inhlonipho yangempela ukuhlonishwa wezempi amandla izakhiwo. Nakuba indawo wayematasa, amaGestapo lisebenza, ngezinye izikhathi kwenziwe nokubulawa. Iziphathimandla German kwesokunxele kule ndawo ngo-May ka-1945 lapho wabuyela eNorway yathola amandla phezu kwakhe. Ngemva kwalokho, thina abulawe lapha 8 abantu ababenza ekusizeni amaNazi.

Ngo-1945, ukufa kwakhe ngaphakathi kwalezi zindonga wahlangana ngumkhapheli Vidkun Quisling. Ngo-1989 ngafika lapha ukukhonza IMisa esigcawini , uJohn Paul II , ababethi le post ngesikhathi uPapa. Lo mcimbi waba ngowokuqala emlandweni, lapho umbusi waleli zwe Catholic beze kulesi simo. Ngaphakathi kwezindonga Chapel castle kukhona yokungcwaba mithi ake abusa lelo zwe.

Yini ukubona

Ngaphakathi izakhiwo kukhona Bastion, lapho ungavakashela eziningi iminyuziyamu ethakazelisayo ukuthi banganwebisa HORIZONS zakho nolwazi zomlando. Ukuze uqale nge lesikhumbuzo yezakhiwo ngokwawo Akershus (castle). Izithombe izakhiwo bayakwazi ukukhombisa ukuthi zingaki kukhona izakhi ukwazi, okuyinto Yiqiniso, kungcono ukubona bukhoma. Khona-ke okuhlangenwe nakho kuyoba ngisho okuhle kodwa.

Kuyinto khulula, ungakwazi ukubheka amathuluzi sakudala inganono bame emgwaqeni. ifomu yasendulo amahora ukuthi sokuprakthiza esizeni. Ezinye izindawo kukhona avaliwe, kepha ngobuningi zensimu iyatholakala mahhala.

Kuyoba ezithakazelisayo ukuvakashela umnyuziyamu, lapho eziningi ngomlando isakhiwo ejele. Ngaphansi sasabela isakhiwo esihlukile. Futhi, kukhona ulwazi mayelana nazo zonke izinqaba, izigaba ukwakhiwa nokwakheka kwalo kuze seMpi yoMhlaba yesiBili. Ukuze uye lapha, kuzodingeka ukuba bekhokha khona imali yokubhalisa. Le nqaba, ungakwazi sizulazule ngokukhululekile, okuyinto iyajabula kakhulu nge izivakashi ukwazi. Kukhona langa idili amahholo, sokuhlala olusemthethweni uhlobo ikhamera ejele.

Imemori yokulwa skirmishes

A setfulo ahlukene Sizokwenza izikhali ukuthi asetshenziswa ukumelana amaNazi phakathi Second neMpi Yezwe. Kukhona imibhalo eyasetshenziswa empini enkathini wokubusa amaViking kwekhulu lama-20.

Futhi siyazithanda ngempela nezinyoni embukisweni ngaphandle nenqaba ngaphakathi Fort, anikezelwe umlando izenzakalo lempi ezenzeka kule nsimu. Namuhla, indawo akalilahlile nekubaluleka kwalo emabuthweni ahlomile, ngoba lapha endlunkulu isimo eNorway futhi Ministry lezindaba ukuzivikela.

Kuphi nalapho ukuphila

On endaweni eziyinkimbinkimbi engafinyelelwa kusuka 10 ekuseni kuya ku-4 ntambama. Ithikithi umuntu omdala kubiza 65 kroons ngoba owayesethathe umhlala-phansi noma umfundi - 45, eyenzelwe izingane ezineminyaka engu-6 kuya ku-18 - 25. Nsuku zonke Akershus evulekile (castle). Likuphi lesi sakhiwo? Ikheli ezisemthethweni imisindo efana Akershus festning. It engafinyelelwa by zokuthutha umphakathi, ephuma on Wessels plass.

Kulolu hambo uzodinga ukuchitha 26 imiqhele esimweni ithikithi pre-ukuthenga. Uma uthenge kusuka umshayeli, udinga ukuchitha 40 imiqhele. Ngokuvamile izivakashi ezihlukahlukene enkulu yokuhlala njengoba e Oslo usebenza amahhotela angaphezu kuka-50.

Kulomuzi akukho ukuhlolwa izinga amafulethi ngenani izinkanyezi, ngakho ukuqhathanisa kuwufanele ukusho ukuthi inkonzo lapha muhle kakhulu, futhi isimo enhle. Lesi simo saziwa kakhulu ngoba ingqalasizinda yayo evuthiwe futhi izimo ezinhle ophilayo, ukuze uqala uphumule, abangazange okwamanje yangena ekamu. Futhi lapho esefiké ukuba lapho, uthole isamba esikhulu okuhlangenwe nakho okuhle, ufunde okuningi, ngeke sijabulise amehlo akho engqondo isikali nobuhle izakhiwo.

Kuze kube yimanje, Akershus Fortress (Oslo) kuhlanganisa izakhiwo eziningana okuqondene ikampu. Futhi lapha endlunkulu ekubhekaneni ezindabeni zezempi zanoma Norway, eMnyango Wezokuvikela. Kukhona isibhamu ezinamandla kabani nomlomo okuhloswe ngaso ne-Oslo Fjord, umnyuziyamu ngo izakhiwo ezimbili.

Konke lokhu balindelwe nawe. Ziphathe ohambweni oluthakazelisayo ezweni okuyimfihlakalo Ephakathi.