Kuba ethandwa kakhudlwana design electronic indaba ephathwayo. Sinikeza ukunakwa kwakho isihloko ukuthi uzokutshela ukuthi izinhlelo microcontrollers Wabasaqalayo.
Yiziphi microcontrollers khona?
Okokuqala, kudingeka uchaze isimo nge microcontrollers. Iqiniso lokuthi lakhicitwe hhayi omunye eqinile, kodwa eziningana, ngakho kukhona impela eningi microcontrollers ezahlukene, okuyinto abe nezilungiselelo ezahlukene, izici ezihlukahlukene ukusetshenziswa kanye amathuba ahlukahlukene. Ahluke ijubane ukusebenza, interface eyengeziwe kanye inani ompompi. Ethandwa kakhulu kulo lonke izwe elaliyiSoviet Union abamele RІS futhi AVR. UHlelo AVR futhi RІS Kulula, eyayiqinisekisa udumo lwawo.
Njengoba microcontrollers kuthiwa zahlelwa?
Ukuhlela microcontrollers Kwenziwa, ngokuvamile ngosizo kumadivayisi okhethekileyo, obizwa ngokuthi i program. Program kungaba self-ezenziwe noma uthenge noma. Kodwa lapho firmware microcontroller usebenzisa okuzenzela uMklami ithuba lokuthi kuyoba "isitini", impela high. Kukhona eyodwa kukho ngaphezulu ukuthi ungase ucabangele isibonelo ebhodini "Arduino". Ibhodi ugijima on MC Atmel, futhi kwenziwa uHlelo AVR microcontrollers. Ibhodi seluvele bootloader USB port zangaphambi Ithungelwe ezivumela ukusetshenziswa ephephile flash microcontroller, enikeza ukufinyelela komsebenzisi idatha engase ibe MC engcono ukukhubaza. Ukuhlela microcontrollers Wabasaqalayo akuyona njengoba kunzima njengoba kungase kubonakale, futhi ngezinye kuyikhono ezithile namasu uzokusindisa kusukela kokuya ngoba lo mshini omusha.
Hardware ukwahluka microcontrollers ezahlukene
Lapho ekhetha microcontroller kufanele sinake abanye umehluko hardware akuzona ngisho izinkampani ezahlukene, futhi okufanayo imodeli ububanzi. Ukuze uqale ukuba banake ikhono isula idatha microcontroller. Lesi sici kuyokusiza ukuba izame eyodwa MC eside. Phawula futhi isibalo izikhonkwane ukuya khona. Ningazishiyi zodwa zichayeke, futhi imvamisa we crystal ukuthi iyasebenza isikimu: ithinta inani imisebenzi ngomzuzwana, ezingasetshenziswa ukwenza microcontroller. On luhlolo kulezi zici, kanye inkumbulo IC okungenzeka ekuqaleni babebonakala ukuthi lutho microcontroller ezihlakaniphile Awukwazi ukwenza, kodwa lokhu akulona iqiniso. Khumbula ukuthi microcontrollers izinhlelo Wabasaqalayo kudinga imishini okungcono ekuqaleni, kodwa ngokuthi izabelo, futhi ungakwazi ukuthatha into namandla kakhulu.
Izilimi lwezinhlelo microcontrollers
I microcontroller isetshenziswa njengophawu izilimi ezimbili zokuhlela: C / C ++ futhi assembler. Ngamunye wabo kunezinzuzo zako kanye nebubi. Ngakho, uma sikhuluma assembler, kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuba senze konke kakhulu fake nangokunembile, kubalulekile ikakhulukazi uma ungenalo RAM ngokwanele noma kwamandla okusebenza komasipala (okuyinto ngenhlanhla, kuyinto ehluke ezingavamile). Kodwa ucwaningo lwakhe nekubhala kuso izinhlelo zidinga eziningi umzamo, isikhathi sokugcina isikhathi. Ngakho-ke, i-ukuthuthukiswa esekelwe microcontrollers evame ukusetshenziswa kwezilimi izinhlelo C no-C ++. Basuke kangcono nge ifomu futhi isakhiwo abasondelene inkulumo yomuntu, nakuba ungameli wakhe ngomqondo ogcwele. Baphinde babe izici zicwaningwe kakhulu ukuthi kalula uxhumana ihadiwe, sicabange ukuthi lokhu kumane nje isici ohlelweni. Ukuze zonke izinto zawo ezingcono obonakalayo C no-C ++, ukudala uhlelo abathathu-ntathu, kunokuba inhlangano ulimi.
Kwezinye izimo, lapho ezibucayi isikhala yokusebenza isetshenziswa, kungenzeka ukuba sihlanganise lezi zilimi. Cishe yonke imvelo nentuthuko C no-C ++ unekhono ukufaka isimiso assembler ifaka. Ngakho-ke, uma inkinga kwenzeka endaweni ezibucayi ungabhala assembler faka abuye ahlanganise bayifaka firmware ngokuba microcontroller futhi firmware uqobo, noma kunalokho, iningi ke ukubhala C noma C ++. Microcontroller izinhlelo C kulula, ngakho abantu abaningi bakhetha lezi zilimi. Kodwa labo asesabi nobunzima futhi ufuna ukuqonda engavamile imishini emsebenzini, Ungazama ngesandla sabo futhi ne assembler.
amazwi okuvalelisa
Uma kwakuba khona isifiso ukuze uzizamele microcontrollers, kuhle. Singagcina ngokubu- ukweluleka zokubekezela nokukhuthazela, bese zonke imigomo ebekwe phambi umsunguli kuyoba ingenzeka. Ukuhlela microcontrollers Wabasaqalayo nabantu abanolwazi ubukeka ezahlukene: kunzima Wabasaqalayo, elitheni - isimiso. Into esemqoka - khumbula ukuthi konke okungaveli okuphambene nemithetho ye physics, kuyinto okusebenzayo futhi sithathe izinqumo eziphusile.