Ukubala umfutholuketshezi Ukushisa izinhlelo. Ukushisisa endlini yangasese

Modern bafudumale system - ke ungukukhombisa indlela sisisha isiqondiso salo. Namuhla akusiyo pre-ukulungiswa ngaphambi kokuqala kohlelo gidi okwalandela imodi wokubacindezela wokusebenza. Modern bafudumale system owawusemzini womzalwane ngokuhamba umsebenzi kushintsha njalo izimo ezishisayo. Edinga imishini hhayi kuphela ukulandelela izinguquko Ukushisa kwezakhiwo, kodwa futhi untula nelungelo react them.

NeMibandela isebenza ngendlela efanele kohlelo

Kunezinto, ukuhambisana ozoqinisekisa eliphezulu kanye nokusebenza kahle kohlelo bafudumale:

• ukugeleza okulingene e amadivaysi Ukushisa kufanele senziwe amanani ezonikeza isikhala ukushisa ibhalansi, kuncike oshintshashintsha lokushisa ngaphandle, kuye ngokuthi lokushisa kwezakhiwo njengoba kuchaziwe umnini wayo.
• izindleko Lower, okubalwa owezolimo, ukuze sinqobe ukumelana wokubacindezela.
• Ukuncishiswa izindleko impahla ukufakwa kohlelo bafudumale, kuxhomeke nasekutheni yiziphi ububanzi amapayipi nikubeke ezinhliziyweni zenu.
• Okuphansi umsindo, ukuzinza kanye ukuthembeka kudivayisi bafudumale.

Kanjani ukubala uhlelo Ukushisa

Ukubala uhlelo Ukushisa owawusemzini womzalwane, odinga ukukwazi lemali edingekayo ukushisa. Ngenxa yale njongo, kubalwa ukushisa ukulahlekelwa yonke indlu zonyaka efudumele futhi abandayo. Lezi zihlanganisa nokushisa ngamafasitela, eminyango, isakhiwo imvilophi , nokunye. D. Lena izibalo sasivumela wasakha ngokucophelela okukhulu. Kukholakala ukuthi ngokwesilinganiso umthombo ukushisa kumele kukhiqize 10 kW 100 m ² kwendawo eshubile.

Ngaphansi kohlelo bafudumale bazi ubudlelwana hlangana isethi amathuluzi: amapayipi, amaphampu, ama-valve futhi ukulawula imishini, ukulawula imishini ezishintshayo ekudluliseni ukushisa emthonjeni ngqo ekamelweni.

Izinhlobo Ukushisa boilers

Ngaphambi kokwenza wokubacindezela ekubalweni Ukushisa izinhlelo, kubalulekile ukukhetha kubhayela ngakwesokudla (umthombo ukushisa). Lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo boilers: kagesi, igesi, amafutha okuqinile, kuhlangene nabanye. Kukhethwa ezimweni eziningi incike fuel linqoba endaweni lapho uhlala khona.

kubhayela kagesi

Uma sibheka izinkinga ezihlasela nezinkinga umthamo uxhumano futhi intengo kuqhathaniswa eliphezulu ugesi kule imishini hhayi ngazuza nokusakazwa kwayo kabanzi.

gas okokubilisa

Ukuze ufake kubhayela, ngaphambili kudingeka Igumbi ekhethekile ehlukile (kubhayela). Okwamanje, lokhu kwenzeka kuphela kubantu imishini nge evulekile omlilo ekamelweni. inketho onjalo uvamile kakhulu ezindaweni gasification.

okuqinile fuel kubhayela

Lokhu imishini akuyona ethandwa kakhulu nge ukutholakala isihlobo uphethiloli. Lapho ukusebenza kwawo kukhona ezithile. Emini udinga ukwenza esithandweni izikhathi eziningana. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuphathwa ukushisa kuyinto cyclical. Ukusebenza kwale boilers lula (inombolo ukuncipha ifaka) sisebenzisa isibani noma fuel nge amandla omlilo lokushisa eliphezulu, ngawo ngesikhathi inyuka ngenxa amandla omlilo air ezilawulwayo. kungenzeka ukukhiqiza ngenxa ethangini isitoreji amanzi, okuyinto ixhunywe central bafudumale system.

Amapharamitha kudingekile kulesi sibalo amandla

• _Ud W - amandla eqondile umthombo ukushisa (kubhayela) ezibangelwa endaweni ukwakhiwa 10 m ² kokucabangela izimo zezulu yesifunda.
• S - indawo isikhala eshubile.

Kukhona futhi izindinganiso ezazivamile kwamandla ethize, okuyinto incike indawo zezulu:

• W _sp = 0.7-0.9 - kwiSifunda Southern.
• W _sp = 1.2-1.5 - esifundeni Central.
• W _sp = 1.5-2.0 - kwiSifunda Northern.

Le formula for ekhishwa kubhayela

Ngaphambi umcimbi obhekene ezifana ukubala wokubacindezela Ukushisa izinhlelo, kubalulekile ukucacisa nomthamo umthombo ukushisa ngokuvumelana le ndlela elandelayo:

W _ikati = S × W _ishaya / 10.

Ukuze kube lula ukubala, sicabanga nenani isilinganiso W 1 kW ngaleyo ndlela _Beats ukuthola ukuthi 10 kW kumelwe ziwele 100 m ² endaweni evuthayo. Ngenxa yalokho, lo Ukushisa uhlelo ukufakwa kohlelo kuzoncika endaweni yendlu.

Kwezinye izimo ophoqelelwe nokusakazwa kokupholisayo esebenzisa afundwa amaphampu.

uhlelo ezimbili-pipe

Lena inguqulo yakudala kohlelo Ukushisa, okuyinto iye yakufakazela okuhamba phambili ukusebenza eside isikhathi. ukubala umfutholuketshezi ka ezimbili-ipayipi bafudumale system kuzoxoxwa ngezansi. Kungani ibizwa kanjalo? Lonke Iphuzu liwukuthi isisekelo sokuthethelelwa design ubunjiniyela ngasebenza njengombonisi eMnyangweni ukufakwa kwamapayipi eziningana yonkana izibuya isakhiwo. Ukuze omunye yesikhuphukeli ngamanzi ashisayo exhunywe kwi zonke izibuya amalahle kudivayisi, futhi umugqa wabeka eduze isinyathelo lwaluyophola amanzi kusukela heater.

Umphumela ongakabi kwadingeka isikhathi Ukupholisa kokupholisayo kusuka kudivayisi lokuqala kufakwa idivayisi, esemgwaqweni phansi ngezansi, futhi uketshezi afundwa kwadingeka izinga lokushisa efanayo ukuthi wokuqala. Ngakho, izinga lokushisa kwe-kokupholisayo e emigqeni nesibongo kwaba ezifanayo - okusho ukuthi kwaba ukudluliswa ukushisa efanayo futhi.

Two-ipayipi bafudumale system - izinzuzo

Central bafudumale system owawusemzini womzalwane nge uhlelo ezimbili-pipe has izinzuzo ezilandelayo:

• On ngamunye phansi evuthayo inikeza Ukushisa umfaniswano wonke amayunithi.
• Kuqhathaniswa uhlelo eyodwa ipayipi kungenziwa ukufudumeza ngokugcwele isikhala olukhudlwana.
• WokuLawula lokushisa egumbini ngalinye.

Settlement nemisebenzi ingcaca

Buciko ukubala eziyinkimbinkimbi wokubacindezela Ukushisa izinhlelo, kuba okokuqala kudingekile ukuba Inombolo yezenzo kwangaphambilini:

1. Kunqunywa ibhalansi ezishisayo we isakhiwo eshubile.
2. Ikhetha uhlobo Ukushisa imishini, okwathi ngemva kwalokho babuyela ezibekwe phezu uhlelo kwendikimba yamagceke.
3. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isinqumo nokubekwa Ukushisa amayunithi, uhlobo izinto amapayipi, olawula namadivayisi ivale-off.
4. Ukuze wenze ukubala wokubacindezela Ukushisa izinhlelo kufanele uzibekele Umdwebo olotshiwe umbono umbono obonisa imithwalo design nezigaba eside.
5. Ezimisele master indandatho - isikhawu avaliwe, okuhlanganisa izingxenye zilandelana ahlelwe amapayipi kokuba esiphezulu ukugeleza ngesilinganiso kokupholisayo emthonjeni ukushisa kuya akude kakhulu Ukushisa kudivayisi.

Ngoba isiphetho ezweni wamukela lowo has siwuthole njalo kokupholisayo futhi esigabeni esifanayo.

Isibonelo ukubala wokubacindezela Ukushisa

On the ingxenye lwamanje ilingane ukushisa umthwalo ukushisa yokucucuza, okuyinto ukugeleza ipayipi kudingeka achushe phakathi, futhi ahoxise sivele sidlulile uketshezi afundwa okudlula lokhu ingxenye.

Flow rate G _{i - j,} kg / h ebalwe fomula elandelayo:

_{G i - j = 0,86 × Q} i - j / (t ₂ -t _0), lapho

G _IJ - inani ukushisa kwi ibalwa IJ isikhawu;

t ₂ -t ₀ - iyona lokushisa ebalisisiwe ketshezi ashisayo nabandayo, ngokulandelana.

Indlela ukukhetha piping ubukhulu

Ukuze kuncishiswe izindleko sokunqoba ukumelana ngesikhathi ukuhamba afundwa uketshezi piping diameters kufanele kubekwe phakathi Isivinini ubuncane kokupholisayo ukuthi iyadingeka ukuze ususe air Bubbles anomthelela ukubukeka emoyeni emaphaketheni. Ukuze wehlise ubukhulu babo amapayipi kuyinto inani eliphansi okuyinto aliholeli nomsindo nokufakwa wokubacindezela kanye piping uhlelo.

Zonke imigqa ukukhiqizwa zihlukaniswe yokukhiqiza plastic nensimbi. Eyokuqala kukhona okuhlala isikhathi eside, kanti isixuku esikhulu - athutha okuhlala isikhathi eside. Yini amapayipi asetshenziswe uhlelo Ukushisa incike izici zayo ngazinye.

ukubala umfutholuketshezi kohlelo bafudumale - Uhlelo

Banikezwe bomsebenzi ukuthi kumele kwenziwe ngesikhathi sesigaba design, ungasebenzisa isofthiwe ezikhethekile.

Ukusebenzisa idatha yoqobo, uhlelo wenza ukukhethwa ngokuzenzekelayo wayefisa ubukhulu yamapayipi, yenza umqondo esethiwe valve sokulinganisa, valve thermostatic futhi abalawuli othomathikhi ohlelweni bafudumale. Futhi lolu hlelo ingakwazi ukuhlola lokho usayizi kuzodinga heater.