Uhlelo oluphansi lwesidingo se-Windows 10. Izidingo zesistimu i-Windows 10 ne-Windows 7

Uhlelo olusha olusanda kusebenza lwe-Windows lwe-version yeshumi, olutholakalayo ukulanda nokufakwa ekupheleni kukaJulayi 2015, lwabangela inkohlakalo engakaze ibe khona futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo izingxoxo eziningi mayelana nokuphelela nokuphumelela kokufakwa. Kodwa-ke, izidingo ezincane ze- Windows 10 ngokuphathelene nezinhlelo zekhompiyutha, ngokuqondile, "i-hardware", azibukeli kakhulu, njengoba umuntu angalindela.

Yiziphi izidingo zesistimu?

Ngaphambi kokuba sicabange ngombuzo nge-Windows 10, siqala ukubona ukuthi kufakwe yini umqondo "wezimfuneko zesistimu". Ukuhumusha okulula kweli gama kuyichaza isethi esilindelekile sezimpawu ze-hardware ingxenye (okubizwa ngokuthi i-hardware), efaka izingxenye eziyinhloko zekhompiyutha noma i-smartphone okufanele ibe nezici ezithile kanye nemingcele, futhi ukuze bakwazi ukusekela ukusebenza kwendawo yesofthiwe (kithi Isistimu yokusebenza i-Windows 10).

Ngamanye amazwi, imfuneko ye-Windows 10 iphathelene nomseshi (inombolo yezinhlamvu, isivinini sewashi), i-RAM (uhlobo, ivolumu), i-adaptha yevidiyo (uhlobo, inani lememori ezinikeziwe, imvamisa ye-GPU efakiwe, ukusekelwa kwe-version ethile ye-DirectX), ukubonisa (uhlobo, ukuxazulula, ukusekelwa Imisebenzi eyengeziwe), i-disk eyinkimbinkimbi (isikhala esanele samahhala sokukopisha amafayela "ama-OSes"), njll. Okusho ukuthi, ngokugcwalisa "insimbi", etholakala ngaphakathi kwikhompyutha, i-laptop, ithebulethi noma i-smartphone.

Umqondo womthamo wesistimu

Uma ufaka "izinhlelo zokusebenza zokusebenza" zakamuva ezivela ku-Microsoft, kufanele ucabangele lokho okubizwa ngokuthi uhlelo lwesakhiwo, okuhlobene ngokuqondile neprosesa efanayo noma i-RAM.

Namuhla, kunezinhlobo ezimbili: izingqikithi ezingu-32 (ezichazwe ngo-x86) namaphutha angu-64 (echazwe ngo-x64). Umehluko phakathi kwabo lubi kakhulu. Umehluko obaluleke kunazo zonke ukuthi izinhlelo ezingu-32-bit zisekela ukufakwa kwememori kuze kube ngu-4 GB usayizi (empeleni, uhlelo "lubona" cishe ngo-3 GB, futhi akuyona njalo).

Yingakho uma ufuna ukusebenzisa i- "RAM" ekuphakameni (uma kungaphezu kwama-4 "gigs"), ukufaka inguqulo engu-32-bit ye-Windows 10 ayenzi lutho. Nakuba uhlelo lubonakala lubhekene nesikhathi esiphezulu, noma kunjalo, lubizwa ngokuthi "ukucindezela" konke okusemandleni ekukhiqizeni kusuka kukhompyutha, ngeke lusebenze nganoma iyiphi indlela.

Amafayela Wefayela

Uma ucabanga ngezidingo zeWindows 10 ohlelweni lwekhompiyutha, awukwazi ukungazinaki umqondo wezinhlelo zefayela. Namuhla okuvame kakhulu yi-FAT32, i-NTFS kanye ne-ReFS elula. Ezinhlelo zeselula, i-exFAT isetshenzisiwe ngaphezulu.

Into esemqoka lapha ukuthi i-FAT32 inesayizi enkulu yeqoqo leqoqo lokugcina idatha yevolumu encane, kodwa uma ufinyelela kumafayela anzima, i-hard drive ijika kancane. Uma usebenzisa i-NTFS noma i-ReFS, ukufinyelela kwamafayela amakhulu kufinyelela ngokushesha, futhi ijubane lokufunda idatha kusuka kumikhakha yedrayivu kanzima alinciphisiwe.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi imfuneko yokufakwa kwe-Windows 10 injalo, isibonelo, ungabeka inguqulo engu-32-bit "yesistimu yokusebenza" kwisistimu yefayela le-NTFS, kodwa ngeke isebenze u-64-bit ku-FAT32. Uzodinga ukufometha i disk noma ukwahlukana. Ngendlela, okufanayo kuyafaka ukufaka inguqulo ye-Windows ngezansi "eziningi".

Izidingo zesistimu ezidingekayo Windows 10 Ukuhlola kuqala

Njengoba wazi, ekuqaleni "i-" dozen "itholakale kuphela ngesimo se-Technical Preview, okwakuyi-update ye-OS ekhona ku-version 10.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngaphandle kokubheka ukucushwa kwe-"iron" jikelele, i-Windows 10 izidingo zancishiswa esimweni esisodwa esiyinhloko - ukutholakala kwamaphakheji wenkonzo efakiwe kanye namaphakethe wenkonzo yesistimu ekhona. Okungukuthi, kwakudingeka kuqala ukufaka zonke izibuyekezo ezikhishiwe, bese uqhubeka nokulanda ukusatshalaliswa nokufakwa okulandelayo "kwezinqwaba". Ngaphezu kwalokho, lokhu kubuyekezwa kungenzeka kuphela kumahlelo aqala ngenguqulo yesikhombisa. I-Vista ne-XP ayisekeli ukuthuthukiswa okunjalo.

Izinhlobo ezijwayelekile ze-Windows 10: izidingo zesistimu encane

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, uhlelo lokuqala lwesistimu lususiwe, futhi esikhundleni sazo kubonakala izinguqulo ezijwayelekile ze-Home, Pro, Enterprise, njll.

Eqinisweni, izidingo ezincane ze-Windows 10 yanoma iyiphi inguqulo zifana nhlobo. Lapha konke kuxhomeke kuphela kumakhethi akhethiwe (x86 noma x64). Kunoma yikuphi, izidingo ezincane ze-Windows 10 ezinama-designectures angu-32 no-64 bit kanje:

Njengoba sibona, akukho lutho olungavamile.

Ukucushwa okunconyiwe

Ngakho-ke, imingcele ephakanyisiwe yokufaka "amashumi" ayinikeziwe. Lokhu kuyaqondakala, ngoba izidingo ze-Windows 10 zekhompiyutha ekuqaleni zihanjiswe ngendlela yokucushwa okuncane.

Naphezu kokuthi "abangu-12" bangasebenza kumasistimu e-computer angasebenzi, noma kunjalo, ukuze basebenzise amandla awo ngangokunokwenzeka, kuyadingeka ukuba

Imingcele ephezulu ye "iron". Ngokuvamile lokhu kusebenza kuma-processors ne-graphics chips, okumele kube khona ukusekelwa okugunyazayo kwenguqulo yakamuva ye-DirectX 12.

Abacubungula bayinkimbinkimbi. Njengomthetho, izidingo zesistimu ze-Windows 10 kuya kumapulatifomu amaningi-core azidlali indima ekhethekile. Kunalokho, inkinga lapha indlela yokusebenzisa wonke ama-cores ukuze ukwandise ukusebenza. Kodwa lesi sihloko esihlukile sengxoxo.

Izimfuneko ezengeziwe zokufinyelela eminye imisebenzi

Ngokuhlukile kubalulekile ukutshela lokho okumele izidingo zesistimu ezikhethekile Windows 10 (x64 noma x32). Kodwa ikakhulukazi bakhathazeka ngokusebenza kwezinsizakalo ezithile ezikhethekile. Ezinye zazo zingase zingekho ngezinguqulo ezahlukene, ezinye zingasebenza kuphela ezindaweni ezithile (isibonelo, iCortana - kuphela e-US, eBrithani, emazweni amaningana eYurophu naseChina).

Ukuze uqaphele imiyalo yokukhuluma, udinga imakrofoni ephezulu yekhwalithi ngeqoqo labashayeli abafanelekayo ukusebenzisa isevisi I-hello - ikhamera ye-infrared ene-backlight ekwazi ukuhlaziya iris yehlo, ukuskena iminwe yeminwe - imodemu eyakhelwe ngaphakathi, ukuya kwimodi ye-tablet udinga umqaphi noma isikrini esifanele, Ukusekela umsebenzi we-multitouch.

Kwezinye izimo, ku-Windows 10, izidingo zikhawulelwe ukuba ne-akhawunti ye-Microsoft esebenze. Ukuze uthole ukulanda okuphephile, udinga isitifiketi se-Microsoft kanye nesofthiwe esisekela u-UEFI v2.3.1 Errata B.

Ukuze usebenzise i-BitLocker, isibonelo, i-Windows 10 (64), izidingo zesistimu zingagcinwa ekuboneni okudingekayo kwedivaysi ye-USB kanye ne-module eqinisekisiwe okuthiwa i-TPM-version 1.2 noma 2.0. Imodi ye-Hyper-V inikwe amandla kuphela ngesisekelo sesistimu ye-64-bit enekhono eligunyazayo lokuguqula amakheli we-SLAT (izinga lesibili).

Uma ufaka uhlelo olufanayo lwe-64-bit, kuyadingeka ukuba iprosesa isekele i-SAHF / LAHF, i-PrefetchW ne-CMPXCHG16b ubuchwepheshe.

Ngokusebenzisa isici se-Miracast, imfuneko ye-Windows 10 yilezi zinto ezilandelayo: kufanele ube ne-graph chip esekela ukufakwa komshayeli we-WDDM (i-Windows Display Driver Model) ne-adaptha engenawaya exhasayo i-Wi-Fi Direct. Ngendlela, okufanayo kusebenza kumadokhumenti wokuphrinta kwe-Wi-Fi.

Ukusebenzisa i-InstantGo module kusho ukuba nemodi yokulinda yokuxhumana, engekho kuzo zonke izinhlelo zekhompyutha. Ngendlela, isidingo se-Windows 10 sokuba khona kwesikhulumi se-InstantGo kanye nokwesekwa kwe-TPM 2.0 (engekho ngaphansi) kuyimfuneko yokubethela idivayisi noma ukuphela kwayo. Ngokuvamile, njengoba ubona, kunesidingo esanele sokufihla. Futhi akuzona zonke ezichazwe okwamanje.

Yini enye okudingeka uyazi?

Kufanele sengeze ukuthi izidingo zesistimu zezinguqulo ze-Windows 7, 8, 10, abasebenzisi abaningi, ngokungazi, mhlawumbe bacabange ngokufanayo. Lokhu kuyiphutha elicacile. Mhlawumbe izidingo zesistimu ze-Windows 10 ne-Windows 7 (noma i-8) zifana kakhulu ngokusebenzisa "ukucushwa kwensimbi, kodwa lokhu akulona iqiniso ngokuphelele.

Lokhu kubangelwa kuphela ukuthi "eziyishumi eziphezulu" kunenani elikhulu kakhulu lamathuba angeziwe futhi avame ukufihlwa, futhi ukusetshenziswa kwabo ngaphandle kwemibandela ethile evunyelwe akunakwenzeka. Yiqiniso, kukhona okwanele kubo ku-G7 no-G8, kodwa abazange bame ngenguqulo yeshumi ye-Windows. Lapha umbuzo ungowokunye - ukuthi umsebenzisi ojwayelekile uzodinga kanjani zonke lezi modyuli ezengeziwe, futhi ngokujwayelekile, kufanelekile ukuzisebenzisa?

Ngokuqondene nobuchwepheshe beselula, maqondana nalezi zimagajethi, "amaminithi" abuye ayithande kakhulu. Kodwa kukhona ukuxhumana okuqondile phakathi kwe-diagonal nesinqumo seskrini, lapho inani elincane le-RAM lincike khona. Ngamanye amazwi, ingxenye yenkomba idlala indima ebalulekile lapha. Yiqiniso, kuyadingeka ukuba ube neprosesa enamandla, ithi, ubuncane abanezinhlamvu ezine, kodwa lokhu akuyona isimo esiyimpoqo. Ngenkumbulo enomphela, futhi, ayikho inkinga - kuphela i-4 GB.

Isiphetho

Ngokuvamile, njengoba kucacile kuzo zonke ezingenhla, ku-Windows 10 izidingo zesistimu encane aziphezulu kakhulu (akuyona inguqulo yedeskithophu, noma iselula). Enye into ukuthi ukufinyelela kwezinye izinto ezisebenzayo zesistimu entsha kunqunyelwe kuphela ukuthi kukhona okulahlekile, into ayisekeli umsebenzi onjalo noma ihlehlise izici nemigomo. Kodwa ngokujwayelekile, kuma-computer amaningi nezinhlelo zeselula, i-"dozen" ingasetshenziswa futhi isetshenziswe ngaphandle kwezinkinga, ngisho nokucushwa okungenani.