Shamayka - inhlanzi ngokuthi "bobukhosi '

Shemaya (shamayka) - inhlanzi, okuyinto siphathelene carp. Lolu hlobo kwasakazwa imicengezi we Azov, Black futhi iCaspian iziLwandle. Akukona zikhule ukuze osayizi enkulu. Ngokwesibonelo, ummeleli "ulwandle abamnyama" ukala-avareji yamaphesende mayelana 180-270 g, kuyilapho kukhona izimo osayizi enkulu ukuthi afinyelele 650. Kodwa iCaspian izinhlanzi shamayka, izithombe ezingafaneleki okwethulwa kulesi sihloko, ekhula ku-240 amagremu, kodwa kakhulu akuvamile ukuhlangabezana kanye ganda izinhlanzi.

ukukhiqizwa kabusha

Le nhlanzi uthatha igama layo kusukela Persian "shah-Mai", ibinzana uhumusha njengoba - ". Izinhlanzi bobukhosi ' Intengo izinto ezinhlelweni zokuthenga isisusa sayo ezingezinhle iyona enkulu kunazo zonke uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye zasoLwandle Azov, wakwazi ukugwema ngisho Sturgeon. Minyaka yonke izinhlanzi obuswa eyigugu kakhulu kancane ukuthi kwenzeka ngenxa Ukuwohloka kwezimo zayo zizalela (ngakho-ke, bamba, ukuyikhulula). Shamayka - inhlanzi, okuyinto Kuningi ukufana okukhona phakathi ne vimba abadumile, nomlomo esiphelweni salo, umzimba side kakhudlwana.

Ezindaweni ezahlukene Russia kaShemaha zidala siphela ngezikhathi ezahlukahlukene: ekwindla Kuban, ngasekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo noma ebusika phezu Don, e naseKourou iCaspian shemaya kufakwe ebusika, ngenkathi Terek ngoDisemba. It spawns emifuleni ohamba uba nezimpophoma ezincane okusheshayo fudlana phansi enamadwala, lapho senzeka ebusuku noma lapho kuhlwa. amaqanda wakhe mancane kakhulu.

isakhiwo kaShemaha

Fish shamayka eyaziwa kahle eziningi ukunambitheka kwako futhi ngobubele inyama. Ngaphandle iconsi ukungabaza, ke ingenye cyprinids eyigugu kakhulu, ePheresiya akusona ingozi ngokuthi inkosi.

Kuyinto eyodwa uhlobo ongenathemba, kodwa shemaya ngaleyo ndlela kakhulu kunesokuqala. ngokuvamile ifinyelela ubude 30 cm nesisindo 800 grams. izikali Fish futhi unomzimba omncane side. fin Anal yena obangela fin amaphiko. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuye umhlathi ongezansi is uqweqwe phezulu, futhi ikhishwa phambi phezulu. Shona futhi emuva izinhlanzi emnyama ezithambile tint okwesibhakabhaka, futhi ohlangothini nangayo isisu silvery ezimhlophe; amaphiko amaphiko kancane lemicu empunga elinamathela othini bese caudal - umngcele blackish mncane, amehlo esiliva abe ichashaza elimnyama engxenyeni engenhla.

izindawo

Fish shamayka (izithombe kungabonakala kulesi sihloko) itholakala kuphela emifuleni ukuthi singabakaNkulunkulu umcengezi yoLwandle Azov, i-Black futhi iCaspian iziLwandle, ngenkathi iya Ungangeni ngamunye wabo, angabe esavuka okusezingeni eliphezulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kamuva nje izinhlanzi itholwe inqwaba e Aral Sea. Iningi ke uhlala oLwandle Azov kanye iCaspian Sea, lapho ithobela ogwini oluseningizimu. Ngakho, iphume oLwandle Azov kuphela Kuban, Don ku ezingavamile kakhulu.

Shamayka - inhlanzi, okuyinto yoLwandle iCaspian ikakhulu nihlale umlomo Terek, Kura emifuleni kanye WasePheresiya. Ngo oLwandle Olumnyama akuyona ovamile kunjalo, afike ngaso sonke efanayo lapha Dniester, Bug futhi Dnepr. Ngamanye amazwe aseYurophu butholakala kuphela iDanube, lapho kungokwalabo zezinyoni ezingavamile inhlanzi, nakuba ezinye amachibi Bavarian kuyinto evame.

indlela yokuphila

ukuphila kwakhe cishe nhlobo. Ezweni lethu, kuba pheze njalo uhlala kolwandle, nakuba emfuleni iza kuphela eziyizimbangela. Shamayka (inhlanzi), elihlala eBavaria, ukhetha a amanzi ahlanzekile futhi abandayo phansi amatshe. Utsandza fast ngokwanele ukuze ngakho akungeni eVolga, futhi kuyaqabukela kube ingatholakala emfuleni, ngenkathi ekhatsi Chur, Kuban, Terek futhi Persian emifuleni ngokushesha shemaya uhlala inqwaba.

ukudla

shamayka izinhlanzi sidla plankton, izimpethu, izibungu futhi izinambuzane, ezinamagobolondo. Fish esefinyelele ukuvuthwa ngokobulili eminyakeni emibili ukuphila kwakhe. Shemaya spawns ngamanzi afudumele. Ngesikhathi esifanayo zidala kwenzeka ikakhulukazi ebusuku. It spawns e angajulile ne kahle okusheshayo-esilazayo, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni nge tshana (enamadwala) ngezansi, bese inqubo eya elwandle.

Ngemva 3-4 izinsuku izibungu ukuphuma ngaphansi amaqanda. I gazinga kuyinto isikhathi esingangonyaka zidala emifuleni, njengoba eba isikhathi eside. Trifle kude olwandle enesisindo igremu cishe ingxenye eyodwa kuphela, lapho uqala zikhule kusheshe futhi ngobuchule okuningi. Kukhona ikakhulu odla ezinamagobolondo, isinambuzane izibungu, izingane, phytoplankton.

ekubambeni shamayki

Ngokuthakazelisayo, igiya ezemidlalo lokhu eyigugu izinhlanzi zibanjwa kuphela ngasentshonalanga yoLwandle iCaspian, isetshenziswa kulesi ikakhulukazi phansi ukudoba izinduku. Ukuze iwenze ube lula ukufika, futhi wenze ukhonkolo eside, abadobi-nayizimfundamakhwela zisebenzisa ukuphotha izinduku, uma iqala ukuya eziyizimbangela shamayka (inhlanzi). IRed Incwadi ngesikhathi esifanayo kuhlanganisa nemibono ebekiwe uhlu ezisengcupheni.

Lijikeleziswe usebenzisa 0.4 mm awugqinsi, ngezinye izikhathi mkhulu njengoba lapho ukudoba isetshenziswa wezimpahla kunalokho esindayo, enesisindo mayelana 100 amagremu. Ithiphu Its uboshelwe line ukudoba, khona-ke igibele phambili 2-3 obuphelele ingqikithi 40 cm kanye ububanzi of umugqa 0.25 mm. I iCaspian njengoba lolo ikakhulukazi esetshenziswa nezimfanzi. okuhlabayo Iningi ezinhle kwenzeka ngasekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, lapho shemaya ukuvala ogwini. Kufanele nokho awukhumbule ukuthi ekubambeni le nhlanzi akuvunyelwe.