Ohlanga eliphelele

ohlanga Ingabe Ohulumeni Banalo Lonke - uwuhlobo oluthile lukahulumeni. Kulesi sakhiwo, izimo namajaji, isigungu, yokushaya imithetho futhi kwezinye izimo ngisho emandla akamoya eqinisweni futhi umthetho bagxila ezandleni umbusi olulodwa.

Kwamakhosi ngokuphelele yasungulwa ngezikhathi ezahlukahlukene, ezifundeni eziningi, obabukhona ngokuphelele kwaze kwaba sekhulwini le-18. Ngokwezazi-mlando, lolu hlobo nohulumeni wezwe ngaleso sikhathi kwavela ngokwemvelo.

ohlanga Ingabe Ohulumeni Banalo Lonke (ngomqondo obanzi) libhekene njengoba amandla aphelele, sitholwa njengefa. Ngomqondo ewumngcingo, lolu hlobo uhulumeni kusho eminye imikhawulo. Ngokwesibonelo, emazweni amaningi kwamakhosi ngokuphelele okhonzile ezimele (the Cortes eSpain, e-United Jikelele eFrance, Zemsky Sobor ngesiRashiya).

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngisho kokuba onamandla angenamkhawulo, i autocrat kwadingeka ukuba nibhekane izikhonzi zakhe. umbono Abantu BakaJehova kuleli cala lungase lubonakale ngezindlela ezahlukene kakhulu: kusuka izincomo abeluleki ukuba sevukelombuso kanye kokugumbuqelwa yinkosi.

ohlanga Ingabe Ohulumeni Banalo Lonke e Yokukhanyiselwa akuyona nje olungenamkhawulo, futhi eyayintula ngomsunguli waphezulu amandla. Lokhu baba neqhaza elikhulu zenkolo isikhathi. Louis 14 kunabanye kuchazwa umbono ka absolutism e ibinzana yakhe "Isimo - lokho kimi."

Le ndlela uhulumeni ikhuthaza branched ubushiqela kwakhiwa amaphoyisa njalo kanye nebutho lempi.

absolutism wayo usadlondlobele emandleni Western Europe kufinyelelwa 17-18 eminyaka. Phakathi nale nkathi, kukhona ngokugcwele yinye isimo. Umbusi, wanika zomthetho emandla lamakhulu, uthatha izinqumo ngokuzimela, sisungula izintela, ngokubona kwayo bachithe yengcebo isimo.

Amandla angenamkhawulo we autocrat wancika ukuthinta izicukuthwane kuphela. Kwakheka ku nemibandela kwehlukana amakhosi asendulo, le absolutism ka kusaqalwa ithuthuka ngokushesha ngempela. Phakathi kumiswa uhulumeni kwathiwa libhekene isinyathelo sasivumela lesichubekako: ekulweni izinsalela kwehlukana amakhosi asendulo, kwakuwukuthi isonto, ukwethulwa kwemithetho iyunifomu. Ukuthuthukiswa umkhakha, ezentengiselwano, emnothweni kazwelonke ukuthi kuhloswe ngazo ukuqinisa ezingaba lempi uzuza esizayo.

Ngokwezazi-mlando, izici absolutism e elithile noma ngenye indlela ekhona wonke amazwe aseYurophu. Nokho, okuphelele xaxa kwaba le zohulumeni eFrance. Leli zwe liye laba absolutism ngekhulu le-16. Ukuphakama kwalo safinyelela uwuhlobo oluthile lukahulumeni ngenkathi kubusa Bourbons (Louis 13 no-14 ubudala).

ohlanga Ingabe Ohulumeni Banalo Lonke eNgilandi yayina kakhulu ngesikhathi kubusa u-Elizabeth I Tudor (1558-1603 GG.). Nokho, eBritish Isles njengoba injalo zakudala, wona lo mbuso engakaze isungulwe. Ikakhulu uvinjelwe ephalamende. Ngaphezu kwalokho, sasingekho ibutho, akukho ubushiqela.

Ngokwesibonelo, emazweni ahlukahlukene, absolutism kwadingeka labo noma ezinye izici. Ngokwezinga elikhulu zinikeza ithonya lalaba noma neminye imikhakha yomphakathi kwi ezombusazwe yangaphakathi yezwe. Ngokwesibonelo, eNgilandi naseFrance zazithonya onxiwankulu okukhulu.

Engxenyeni 18 absolutism ngekhulu lesibili wathutha esigabeni esilandelayo. Ifomu uhulumeni kule nkathi wathonywa imibono ukuKhanyiselwa. Ngakho, kwakhiwa "absolutism ukukhanyiselwa".

Nge ukuthuthukiswa kanye nokuhlanganiswa ohlelweni isicebi e-Europe, ukuba khona absolutism ukuthi iyaphikisana kakhulu ngohlelo olusha emphakathini.

Kwamanye amazwe (isib, France, i-Russia), ukungaboni ngaso phakathi umphakathi ekuthuthukiseni kanye nokunciphisa amandla akhe sezixazululiwe ngendlela izinguquko. Ezinye amandla kancane kancane uze elinganiselwe, ngokomthethosisekelo uwuhlobo oluthile lukahulumeni.