Njengoba indiza izobukeka 2050

Imboni zezindiza ulindele ukuba okuphindwe kasikhombisa e-traffic yasemoyeni by 2050 - kanye nokwanda kane e kogesi wendlwana evikela izithombo, uma isinyathelo esiqatha ingathathwa. Kodwa kangakanani lezi zinyathelo kumele kube, futhi yini izinguquko izindiza design, baphila? Izobukeka ezindizeni eminyakeni 35?

inhlanganiso ibhethri

Isinyathelo esibaluleke kunazo zonke ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umkhakha zezindiza useye waba ngaphezu imvelo kuyinto ugesi oluphelele lwazo zonke izindiza kwezohwebo. Lokhu kusho zero izinkomba kwekhabhoni eziyingozi emkhathini, kanye nokuhlinzekwa izindiza nge amandla kusuka iziteshi ekhethekile futhi lingakunika amandla ngokwabo. I izithiyo ezinkulu zobuchwepheshe ukuthi kudingeka zinqotshwe - kwabantu ibhethri, inkomba ebonisa ukuthi angakanani amandla zingaba kusuka isisindo ezithile ibhethri. Umqondisi Tesla wathi nje lapho ibhethri, akwazi 400 watt-amahora kilogram per, ne- energy of isilinganiso cell isisindo ingqikithi mayelana 0.7-0.8, kagesi onqamula izindiza bazokwazi abe ngokoqobo. Sikhishwe yokuthi amabhethri lithium-ion baye bakwazi ukufeza kwabantu 113 watt-amahora kilogram per ngo-1994, i-202 watt-amahora kilogram per ngo-2004 futhi okwamanje lunesibalo ka mayelana 300 watt-amahora kilogram per, kungaba bazitshela ukuthi kule minyaka eyishumi ezayo, bangase bakhule baze kahle kwabantu 400 watt-amahora kilogram per.

intengo ukungalingani

Esinye isici okufanele kube iconsi sína solar panel amanani, okuyinto kakade ifomu kancane eneji emazweni amaningi eziphambili. Okulindelekile amaphesenti angu-70 nokuncipha intengo lithium-ion ngo-2025 futhi ukwanda okusheshayo e izintengo jet fuel ukuthi kusekelwe iziketekete kuholele ukungalingani sína izindleko nokugcinwa izindiza ngogesi futhi ezivamile, okuyinto, kuyobe sina besekela zezindiza umkhakha ugesi .

Ngezitshalo esikhathini ukulinda

Nokho, uma senza acabangele iqiniso lokuthi isilinganiso sobude bokuphila nomgibeli noma izimpahla eziya indiza engu-21 no-33, ngokulandelana, ngisho noma wonke izindiza ezintsha ekhiqizwa namuhla, yayiyoba electronic, ukungafunwa ephelele Jets fuel Wawuthatha emashumini amabili kuya kwamathathu . Ngakho-ke, kufanele sinake yokuthi ngezitshalo ukunikela ukunciphisa okuphawulekayo kwekhabhoni izinto eziyingozi (kusuka 36 kuya okuningi njengoba amaphesenti angu-85, okuyinto kuxhomeke kakhulu ekutheni fuel wanda ngezinga yindawo). Futhi njengoba aphuma uphethiloli kwenye ulula, kuba ilitshe abaseduze, okuyinto ekufanele ukulandelwa phambi ukwenqatshwa ephelele yangaphakathi omlilo izinjini e izindiza.

izinkinga

Nokho, ngisho unikezwa yokuthi izindiza egijima ku Izingxube ejwayelekile futhi biofuel aqinisekiselwa we-2009, umkhakha zezindiza kuyinto ekujaheni ukushintsha into. Iqiniso lokuthi kukhona izinkinga ezithile zobuchwepheshe iyona nobunzima okwandisa ukukhiqizwa ngezitshalo ngendlela yezomnotho. Kodwa siyini isithiyo main namanje izindleko - ngoba uphethiloli ejwayelekile namanje uhlala eshibhe, intengo kanye Okusele ezingeni okungenani elinye eyishumi edlule.

Inqubo ukwethula ubuchwepheshe obusha

Ukwethulwa iyiphi zezindiza ubuchwepheshe obusha - kunzima kakhulu inqubo eyinkimbinkimbi, okuhlanganisa ucwaningo, umklamo imidwebo, ukuhlolwa kanye nenqubo enzima lokuhlanganisa. Futhi kuthatha ngokuvamile okungenani eyishumi. Ngakho, inikezwe yokuthi ukulahlwa ephelele yangaphakathi omlilo injini embonini izindiza kungenteka kuphela kodwa phakathi kwaleli khulu leminyaka, ezinengqondo kusukela iphuzu temvelo netetimali umbono ubona isifiso ukusungula kwezinye izindawo: Umklamo airframe, izinto okutadisha atholakalayo ukuze kwakhiwe futhi air traffic control.

Ukuqala kokusetshenziswa the umqondo zibe yiqiniso

Njengoba ubona, izwe manje zithola izinguquko ezinkulu unomphela kwezobuchwepheshe kalula. Yingakho abantu badinga ukuba ayeke iphethini nsuku yokucabanga, ukuqonda ngokuphelele ukuthi imithombo seziyatholakala kubo, bese usebenzisa ukuba kahle ikusasa lesintu. Mayelana nodaba izindleko amandla wekhompyutha elingangena ngokuphepha ukuthi ubuchwepheshe bama-computer intuthuko ngehora elilodwa ezingaphezu kuka eminyakeni yokuqala ayisishiyagalolunye wempilo. Ukucabangela lesi isici, ke kungenziwa bazitshela ukuthi okulingana ikhompyutha, okuyinto manje kubiza izinkulungwane zamaRandi, e 2023 kungase namandla ngaphezu ubuchopho bomuntu, futhi phakathi nekhulu leminyaka, angase adlula amandla bonke ubuchopho babantu uqoqelwe ndawonye. Futhi uma sifaka ndawonye anda amandla wekhompyutha kanye ukunciphisa usayizi amakhompyutha, kuthathwa ngokuthi kule minyaka eyishumi ezayo kuyoba amakhompyutha ihlanganiswe ukuthi uzokwazi ukulawula ngokugcwele indiza izindiza ngesikhathi sangempela.