New Athos, Iver entabeni: incazelo, umlando kanye ezithakazelisayo amaqiniso

Ezweni kukhona izindawo zokuhlala eziningi eziyingqayizivele ukuthi ubambe eminyaka memory nengokomoya okusezingeni eliphezulu. Namuhla, zingabantu izinto ezokuvakasha mass pilgrimage. Enye yalezi ubhekwa eCaucasus. injabulo Yiqiniso lapha kubangele izimangaliso ezenziwe umuntu ngesimo izikhumbuzo kanye nezimo zemvelo. Omunye izixhumanisi lolu chungechunge kuyinto Iverian Intaba. Kuyinto Okwaphawuleka hhayi kuphela imibono ngendlela ebabazekayo, kodwa futhi umlando ocebile.

incazelo kwendawo

Iver entabeni ifinyelela ukuphakama 344 m, ke obusa okusha Athos -. Umuzi Abkhazia. Kusukela ngezinyawo ukuze isihloko saso sifinyelela ekhuphuka umgwaqo omazombezombe lapho isikhathi esicishe sibe ihora elilodwa. Ezikhangayo esemqoka nazi emihumeni kanye emanxiweni inqaba Anakopia. Kusukela ukubukwa phezulu emangalisayo ogwini Black Sea seCape Pitsunda ukuze Sukhumi.

Kwasukasukela ...

Izenzakalo eziningi zomlando ezihlobene endaweni yegama "Iver Intaba" eNew Athos. Umlando walo sihlehlela emuva enkathini yethu, lapho kwemingcele yezizwe nabakwenzayo lokhu zazihlukile, futhi ezingeni Sea iphakeme kakhulu kunanoma yesimanje. Ngisho nangaleso sikhathi, kwaba shopping centre enkulu, okuyinto i target ezikhangayo abahlaseli.

Ngakho, ekhulwini lesi-4. BC - 2. BC Iver Intaba liyingxenye Iberia isimo (Iberia). Yingakho igama. grottos wakhe mnogochilennye, bazenzela nemihume zokukhosela zazisetshenziselwa abantu izindlu.

Kusukela ngekhulu lesi-II iqala indaba Abazgskogo ubukhulu kabani dolobha laliwumuzi Anakopiya (manje okusha Athos). Ngokusho kwemithombo lasendulo, bathi wayeyingane efana iphuzu elibalulekile lempi, ngoba phezu Iberia (ke Anakopia) entabeni inqaba Yakhiwa, emanxiweni zisekhona kuze kube namuhla.

umlando obengeziwe edolobheni ihlobene oluqinisayo yayo futhi bachuma. Ekhulwini VII kukhona inyunyana okukhulu Abkhaz abantu, futhi inhloko-dolobha iguqulwe ibe isikhungo kwezomnotho, kwamasiko nenkolo abalulekile. A Iver Intaba iba yindawo ukwakha ithempeli lokuqala elalinikezelwe Blessed Virgin Mary. Kamuva yaphinde kabusha izikhathi eziningana, kodwa ngekhulu XI sanikezelwa Elikhulu Martyr uTheodore ka Tyrone.

Ekupheleni kwekhulu XVII le ubukhulu Isi-Abkhazian sisabhekene nesikhathi esinzima. Ukuqiniswa ukunwetshwa Turkish kwaholela wokuqeda ubuKristu, Anakopiya kunqatshiwe, Iver entabeni nge inqaba yalo nethempeli lalingenalutho. Ekhulwini XIX, phakathi nezimpi Russian-zaseCaucasia kanye Russian-Turkish, abantu bendawo bayishiya imizi yabo ezweni zadluliselwa bamakoloni.

Anakopia inqaba

indaba Hlukanisa has Anakopia inqaba ukuthi namuhla main Luhambo New Athos. Yakhiwa ngekhulu lesi-IV-V., With ukubanjwa kweqhaza baseByzantium, ababekwa ngokuthi ukuphepha endaweni njengendawo abangenelisi ayehlasela Arabhu. Igama layo "Anakopiya" ngokwezwi nezwi ehunyushwa ngokuthi kusukela Isi-Abkhazian kusho "ezimangelengele", "udebe." Ngo imithombo ngesiGreki libizwa ngokuthi "uqhoqhoqho".

Ngalezo zinsuku inqaba wema phezu kwedwala emaweni, bavula umbono ebanzi-New Athos. Iver entabeni wawunje ilitshe amasu empi, isixwayiso mayelana nesenzakalo ngokuzumayo izitha.

Ekhulwini V, sekube ngxabano sina phakathi eByzantium nase-Iran. Baphenduka balwa ukuze uthole ukubusa kwezomnotho nakwezombusazwe phezu amazwe aseMpumalanga Eseduze. Lesi simo wanquma ukusebenzisa Abazgia, etholakala ngenkathi ngaphansi kwethonya baseByzantium. Yena yenza isivumelwano Iran futhi wanquma ukuba nimelane abavikela yayo. Nokho, leso sinyathelo wahlulwa: ngesikhathi sokugcina Iran bahoxe inkontileka. Futhi Abazgia wedwa kwakumelwe balandise yoMbuso WaseByzantium.

Ekhulwini VI amabutho amaRoma safinyelela kolwandle Anakopii. Kodwa ukuze uthole eduze kwakunzima. Kuphela ngokusebenzisa ngobuqili aqondisa lempi baseByzantium wakwazi ukunqoba entabeni Iberia ngisho ukungena inqaba. Abazgs wanqoba futhi kuhlulekile lethu lithole inkululeko.

Namuhla kusuka Anakopia inqaba amanxiwa ahlale kwezindonga lime Quadra ethempelini agugile eWisła phambili uphawu ohlangothini entabeni, okubonisa izakhiwo bokuqala zenkolo.

Athos emhumeni

Iver entabeni izivakashi izikhumbuzo hhayi kuphela zomlando, kodwa futhi ebukeka yemvelo eyingqayizivele. Enye yezindawo amahle kakhulu futhi bekhethelo okusha Athos Cave.

Kuyinto umgodi omkhulu Karst we million cubic metres uphinde uthele kancane siqukethe amakamelo eziyisishiyagalolunye, ngalinye elikwazi unegama. Ukungena emhumeni kwatholakala ngo-1961, futhi kusukela ngo-1975 lapho kuvubukulwa livulekele izivakashi. Budebuduze emihumeni elise Athos sezindela nesonto umfel 'ukholo, noSimoni umKhanani.

amaqiniso ezithakazelisayo

Ngokucacisa ukuphi amanye amaqiniso athakazelisayo:

• Iver Intaba ezihambisana nesiko zeBhayibheli. Ngakho, ngo-imithombo Christian, ibizwa ngokuthi Inkatho yokuqala the Virgin. Ngemva uvuko oluyisimangaliso kaKristu wabiza abafundi bakhe futhi waqala ukudweba eziningi, kubani futhi lapho indlela ukuya ngishumayele ivangeli. Kuleso iqhaza futhi unina kaJesu - Mary uNina kaNkulunkulu. Yena kwakufanele lizwe Iberia, lapho wahamba noSimoni umKhanani, idatha esifanayo isihlobo yayo.
• IX ekhulwini kwaphawulwa iconoclasm okukhulu. Iziphathimandla zezihlubuki ngaphambilini zonke ekhaya nethempeli ukubhubhisa izithombe ongcwele. Kodwa umfelokazi zenzisa, ohlala eduze WaseNicaea, igcinwe ngasese isithonjana Virgin. Lapho bonke livulekile, ngamasotsha wanquma ukuthatha isithombe, abamgwazayo ngomkhonto, ebusweni okumsulwa kakhulu iingazi. Khona-ke lona wesifazane izinyembezi clutched isithonjana, wagijimela kolwandle futhi ake wakhe emanzini. Isithombe zamthuthela amagagasi emi. ngokushesha Leli cala kutholakala ku Mount Athos. Khona-ke lalibuswa abefundisi Iberia (manje Georgians). Esikhathini X leminyaka Iver sezindela yasungulwa. Omunye izindela yayo ebona ulwandle insika eliphezulu umlilo. Yena zazilengela phezu isithonjana uNina kaNkulunkulu. Ngemva kokuthandaza, bakwazi uwulethe sezindela. Isithombe ngokuyisimangaliso namuhla ilondoloza Mount Athos.
• Iversky sezindela ekhulwini XIX yanqotshwa amaGreki, futhi bonke imibhalo eqoshiwe Georgian kwathathelwa indawo ngesiGreki. Namuhla kukhona ukuphila 30 izindela izimfundamakhwela ziyaye, kuhlanganise Georgians kade laphela. Nokho, Awukude sezindela kukhona iseli, ekhaya ukuze mayelana 40 izindela Georgian.
• Ukuze omunye izimangaliso Anakopia inqaba entabeni yase-Iberia, sedimentary kahle. Ukwakhiwa ezigwediwe edwaleni futhi ngaphakathi nge-limestone ecolisekile. Esikhathini esidlule, wawuhloselwe amanzi emvula. Namuhla kahle ubhekwa awapheli, sibonga ukufingqa njalo ezindongeni abandayo lomoya uquqaba efudumele. Ungomunye ethandwa kakhulu pilgrimage amasayithi.

ezokuvakasha

Ithathwe ndawonye, landscape olunothile kanye izikhumbuzo esiyingqayizivele ezakhiwo okusha Athos baba ithuba ezokuvakasha mass. Yiqiniso, yindawo yokuvakashela iyona Iver Intaba, kusuka ematheni ayo phezulu. Njalo ngonyaka ziqondiswa izinkambo nge Abaqondisi abanolwazi - nompetha ngamasiko endawo namaqiniso angokomlando.

Noma yimuphi izivakashi ngesikhathi efika endaweni abanesifiso umbuzo indlela ifike entabeni Yase-Iberia. Esikhathini esidlule zomlando, umqansa kwakuhluke kakhulu emaweni, kodwa oyedwa kuphela ongasusa endleleni ewumngcingo. Namuhla umgwaqo omazombezombe kungcono kakhulu evumelana Equestrian kanye izintaba.