Medlar Caucasian - i izithelo engavamile

Ngaphansi eyodwa igama esivamile izitshalo ezimbili izithelo: medlar Caucasian futhi Japanese. Nokho, ukungaboni ngaso linye kwabo zisobala ukuze zezitshalo wabayisa zinhlobo ezahlukene kanye izizukulwane omkhaya Rosaceae. Okokuqala sinesithakazelo kwesikwenzayo loquat Caucasian. Ngokuhambisana igama layo, lesi sithelo kwezitshalo okokuqala uvele eCaucasus. Kunobufakazi bokuthi ke ayetshalwe phansi iminyaka eyizinkulungwane ezintathu. Ngokusho kweminye imithombo, lesi sitshalo ubizwa ngokuthi medlar (avamile). Leli gama wanikezwa ngisho Karl Linney, kodwa kwathi ngaphandle izinguquko namuhla. Ngo isikali zezimboni yaleli kwezitshalo esekhulile -Asia Minor, eNtshonalanga Yurophu, eCaucasus, eningizimu ye-Ukraine, iMoldova kanye Russia.

medlar Caucasian kungumuthi lezihlahla. Ngokuvamile ifinyelela 5 m ukuphakama futhi ububanzi ofanayo ububanzi umqhele. Lokho kungenxa yokuthi lesi loquat - isihlahla esikhulu kakhulu, bambalwa abantu ufisa ukuba engadini yakhe. It blooms ngo May. Izimbali izitshalo kukhona ukubukeka zokuhlobisa kakhulu. izithelo medlar finyelela khula umnyuziki kuphela ekwindla sekwephuzile noma ekuqaleni kuka ebusika. Ngenxa yokuthi lesi sitshalo kuyinto eside yokukhula, ezikhulayo kuyo izimo zezulu Russia kunalokho nzima.

Medlar Caucasian kuletha izithelo ezincane. ubukhulu yabo ingeqi 2,5, futhi ubude imayelana 7 cm. Zingaba apple-, oyindilinga noma ezinye ukuma. Cishe izithelo nqunu aphuzi-nsundu, obomvu nonsundu. Inyama wabo ensundu. On ulwanga lumnandi-omuncu, kuyaqabula. Ngaphakathi isithelo imbewu engu 5 (imigodi).

Amandla ukubaluleka kwalezi izithelo uphansi. Ngakho, 100 g loquat equkethwe kcal 40-45 kuphela. Ziqukethe izinto ezifana amaprotheni (0.7%), amafutha (0.6%), i-cellulose (0.9%), ushukela (ukuze 8.6%), acid organic (kufika ku 0.18 %). Izithelo ziqukethe uvithamini B1 (0.02 mg / 100 g), B2 (0.04 mg / 100 g), C (10 mg / 100 g), B2 (0.04 mg / 100 g), beta-carotene (kuze 775 mg / kg). Loquat Caucasian namaminerali ocebile: phosphorus (kufika ku-36 mg / 100 g), i-calcium (30 mg / 100 g), insimbi (kufika ku 0.8 mg / 100 g), i-potassium (350 mg / 100 g). Izithelo acid organic eziningi (citric, malic, tartaric). Izithelo edliwayo kuphela ngemva kokuba ithambe (kuyinhlama) ukuthungwa.

Medlar Caucasian wayevame ukusebenzisa hhayi kuphela njengoba ukudla kodwa futhi umuthi. izithelo zayo antidizenteriynymi, izakhiwo antidiarrheal. Babe ngcono umzimba, kulesetayelekile umsebenzi endocrine nezindlala. acid Organic nethonya elihle ku-isimiso sokujikeleza kwegazi futhi ethukile, isibindi, emaphashini.

Loquat isitshalo has a ukubukeka zokuhlobisa kakhulu, ngakho uma kukhona iziza singenamuntu komhlaba engadini, ungazama enkulu ukuze utshale isihlahla. Njengomthetho, kule ekhanyayo itshalwe 3-4 izihlahla ehlobo esekhulile egumbini lezingane.

Indlela yokutshala medlar? Ukutshala Kwenziwa ekupheleni kwekwindla. Ngenxa yalesi simila kufanelekile inhlabathi kuphela kahle avundiswa. Izithombo of omuhle ohlala njalo. uthayi isikhonkwane. Eyokuqala 2 iminyaka amagatsha lwamathambo babashayeli bafa ngesigamu. Esikhathini 2 iminyaka olulandelayo bayaphinda ukusika kuphela ingxenye yesine. Side amahlumela kufanele saba 15-20 cm. Ukunakekela izitshalo ovuthiwe izihlahla azinakwa, nakuba ongakwenza ngaphandle kwalo.

Medlar Caucasian ngokuvamile bangaveziwe sifo inkathazo ukuhlaselwa. Izithelo Bavunwa ngo-Okthoba-November. Basuke sandile isendlalelo esisodwa endaweni epholile for 3-4 amasonto for yokuvuthwa. Lapho elithambile, bangakwazi udliwe fresh noma esetshenziselwa ukwenza balondoloze ukudla okuthile.