Kuyini ukwehla futhi okuzenzakalelayo futhi yini umehluko phakathi kwalokhu?

Umnotho kuthinta yonke imikhakha yempilo yomuntu, ngoba ukwazi amagama ayo nezinqubo kuyadingeka. Isizathu salokhu kuyinto ukutholakala imali esikhwameni sakho bese kudingeka ukuzisebenzisa njengoba into yokukhokha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imiqondo ezifana ukwehla wenzuzo okuzenzakalelayo, aba maningi amathuba okuba kutholakale ezindabeni. Zisho izinqubo ezahlukene ukuthi abe nomthelela omubi ukuthuthukiswa koMnotho isimo. Yiqiniso, lokhu sithinta siqu enhlalakahleni. Yini ngempela uthatha imali esikhwameni bese kunciphisa yabo amandla okuthenga, kufanele siqonde kabanzi.

ukwehla

Ukuhlaziya lokho ukwehla futhi okuzenzakalelayo, kufanele ngokushesha banake umehluko oyisisekelo phakathi izinqubo. Funda ngezansi. Ukwehla - Ukuhlola kuyinqubo ukunciphisa izindleko kwezomnotho we exchange rate kwenye lwemali noma ukwehla kuvela isilinganiso segolide ekuqinisekiseni lwemali kazwelonke. Lokhu mkhuba Ukwehla engahlelelwe sokuthuthuka komnotho, okwenza kube kungenakwenzeka ukulondoloza izinga lokushintshisana ezingeni elifanayo.

Ngomqondo othile omncane, lezi ukwehla - lena ukwehla kwemali, okusho izinga subsidence. Ngokwesibonelo, izinga lokushintshisana kwe-lwemali "A" kuya lwemali "B" kwaba 1 kuya 1. Khona-ke, ngemva komnotho ngowezi-ukuthuthukiswa kwezomnotho yezwe lapho lwemali "A" isetshenziswa, imali yayo baba eshibhile ngokumelene lwemali "B". Eqinisweni, wawa zonke ezinye izinhlobo zemali. Lokhu kwelashwa kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuba embule welithi "ukwehla" ngolimi olulula.

okuzenzakalelayo

Okuzenzakalelayo - kuyinto zokuchithwa inhlangano kwezomnotho ukwenza credit ngaphambilini kuthathwe noma ezinye izibopho izikweletu. It kuvela ngenxa yokwehla kwezinga lezomnotho noma ngenxa ukwehla, ukwenyuka kakhulu kwamandla emali noma ukwehluleka yizinguquko kwezomnotho. Lokhu kusho ukuthi isihloko, okungukuthi umbuso, Bloc kwezomnotho, inkampani noma umuntu abakwazi ukukhokhela imalimboleko ngenxa yokuntuleka kwezimali etholakalayo le njongo. Ukumemezela ezenzakalelayo, isihloko ibona ukungakwazi yayo ukukhokha, nakuba ukuya loan okuqinisekisiwe ukubuya.

Sam okuzenzakalelayo kungenzeka uma ukuthola credit amafa eyisibambiso njengoba eseduze engunyaza. Khona bamane zithathwe abe impahla umbolekisi kanye nezikweletu umboleki zibhalelwe off. Nokho, lapho azikho izimali sokukhokhwa loan, kumemezela ngongakwazi ukukhokha izikweletu zalo siqu. ngqó, impendulo ingu ibhizinisi ezingokomnotho ungeke uzithole usuwile. Ngemva kwalokhu, kufanele cabanga ngaleya ndaba, umbuzo kuzokwenzekani uma kwenzeka ezizenzakalelayo emnothweni. Funda ngezansi.

I ukwehla futhi ezenzakalelayo ku emnothweni

Ngakho, liyini ukwehla futhi ezenzakalelayo? I ukwehla eside kubhekwa ngezindlela ezimbili: kusukela umbono we "izinga legolide" control khulula (imakethe) exchange pre-ekhona futhi zamanje. Uma sicabanga ukuthi exchange rate ngoMthetho golide izinqolobane, le ukwehla kuyinqubo wokunciphisa kuvela isilinganiso segolide futhi currency angaphandle supply imali imali ukuzinza. Isibonelo salokhu olufanele le yuan Chinese, izinga lokushintshisana engesiyo isiqondiso mahhala, futhi ilawulwa Yabantu Bank of China. Lwemali ibhodi nakho kuyiqiniso ngamazwe amaningi.

Inkambo lwemali amanye amazwe khulula emakethe "navigation". Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukufunwa izimali zakwamanye amazwe iyunithi inquma amanani ayo. Loku izinga lokushintshisana, okungukuthi, ukubaluleka imali kwelinye izwe kwenye lwemali. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezinjalo, ukwehla Kusho ukunciphisa izinga lwemali olulodwa bonke abanye.

Okuzenzakalelayo, ngokungafani ukwehla nqubo mkhuba ezibhubhisa kakhulu. Kuyinto ukungabi nemali, okumele wabuya ubhekene nenkinga yezimali. Isihloko, ie inkampani, isimo noma umuntu yangasese, kubalulekile ukuqaphela okuzenzakalelayo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi sekuyinto esikhathini esithile esidlule, inani amafa, kodwa ngesikhathi eside esimisiwe akukho kungenzeka ukubuya. Ngezansi zonke lezi izinqubo ukuthi aphendule nemibuzo mayelana nokuthi iyini ukwehla futhi okuzenzakalelayo, zichazwe ngokuningiliziwe.

Ukusebenza izinqubo ezizenzakalelayo futhi ukwehla

Ukuze siqonde ukuthi ukwehla futhi okuzenzakalelayo, kumele baphetha ngokuthi izinqubo ezahlukene kanye nemibandela. Ukwehla - unya ukubaluleka lwemali, futhi okuzenzakalelayo - komnotho ezijulile, ukuntuleka Imininingwane wesikweletu buyiselo khono. Ngo izinqubo ezifana ukwehla futhi okuzenzakalelayo, umehluko kuyaphawuleka futhi ngoba ingasetshenziswa izifundo ezahlukene. I ukwehla maqondana kuphela isimo, okungukuthi, inhlangano ukuthi ine siqu uhlelo lwayo yemali lwemali. Okuzenzakalelayo - lokhu mqondo eziyizici umuntu, inkampani noma uhulumeni.

Nokho, kulezi izinqubo, kukhona ezinye izenzakalo ezivamile, kanye amaphuzu contact. Umphakathi lokuqala - bomnotho: ukwehla, ngokuzenzakalelayo futhi ngongakwazi ukukhokha izikweletu zenzeka lapho isimiso sezomnotho. Eyesibili umphakathi - yesikhathi eside nemiphumela emibi idumela: zombili lezi izinqubo ukunciphisa ukukhanga lwemali utshalomali futhi isitoreji dolobha. Zonke ezinye imiqondo le zihlukile.

Umnotho engazinzile: Pathways kuya ukwehla futhi okuzenzakalelayo

Ngikuphi okuhlukileko kuneGreyidini a ukwehla okuzenzakalelayo nalapho imiqondo le nabo? Uma zonke umehluko ocacile, iphuzu contact zingase zihluke kakhulu. Bona kufanele sibuyekezwe ku izinqubo ejwayelekile kwezomnotho lamazwe ne iminotho ampofu. Ngokwesibonelo, kukhona "A" isimo nge iminotho ababuthakathaka noma ingazinzi. Kuleli zwe, kwencazelo iyunithi yemali, okwathi ukuqedwa we "izinga legolide" olunikezwa exchange angaphandle izinqolobane. Umthamo imali ilingane lemali eyakhishwa ngo isimo izimpahla.

Ngenxa okungajwayelekile ukuphathwa nangezindlela noma ngenxa kwezomnotho noma ukuhweba unswinyo ukuthekelisa imali wombuso kanye amabhizinisi ayo encishisiwe. Khona-ke amabhizinisi usebenze "ishede" noma kungekho umkhiqizo eside. Ngesikhathi esifanayo inflow encishisiwe kwamanye amazwe, okudinga imali esetshenzisiwe kwamanye amazwe izinqolobane ukukhokhwa nezinzuzo zezenhlalo noma namarhubhelo wokungasebenzi. Ngenxa yalokho, inani yegolide incipha. Lokhu kusho ukuthi leli lizwe linazo izinqolobane ezimbalwa ukuqinisekisa lwemali. Ukuze wakhe ekunqabeni nokuzethemba kwabatshalizimali kanye nomnotho isebenza ineffectively. Ukwehla kwenzeka: ukwehla kwentengo iyunithi yemali maqondana ezinye izinhlobo zemali.

Indlela yokuphuma esibucayi

Ezimweni ezinjalo, i-State uyothatha isinqumo on ukuthola imali-mboleko yendlu ukuze kutshalwe izimali kulezo emnothweni. Lapho loans wachitha ezingenangqondo, okungukuthi, ngokwesibonelo, etshaliwe hhayi kuqiniswa komnotho izindleko nezinzuzo zezenhlalo ukuze singathwesi zinciphisa ithemba kuhulumeni, umphumela isobala: umnotho hhayi kabusha, futhi izikweletu sisekhona, sekuyisikhathi ukubuyela izimali credit. Uma umbuso angeke ikhokhe izikweleti zazo emalini ebolekwe ngesikweletu noma aboleke imali kuhulumeni, okuzenzakalelayo. Khona-ke inkinga isixazululekile ezingeni lomhlaba wonke jikelele enombono ekutholeni isixazululo ukuze sikhuthaze umnotho, ukuze lo muntu obolekayo imali.

ukwehla futhi okuzenzakalelayo wumxhumanisi

Ngokusho isibonelo ngenhla kungaba iziphetho ezimbili: ukwehla kungenzeka injini okuzenzakalelayo. Okwesibili, okuzenzakalelayo kungaba umshayeli a ukwehla entsha. Yileyo nengwadla komnotho kanye nokuntuleka amafa izikweletu avuse ukwehla entsha. Lokhu okuthiwa iphuzu contact esingaphezulu kwalemibandela. By the way, abanalutho ukwenzani kwamandla emali, okuyinto kungaba futhi umshayeli tetemnotfo.

I engenangqondo umqondo "okuzenzakalelayo of the ruble"

Enye kahle iyona lwemali ezizenzakalelayo. Ngakho, liyini okuzenzakalelayo of the ruble? Lesi simo esiyingqayizivele sibangelwa, okungenzeka empeleni kwenzeka, nakuba ngemcondvo kungenzeka. Kuzobakhuthaza kwachazwa ngokuthi nciphisa ezijulile lwemali ruble, okuyinto ngeke waqonda njengoba yokukhokha phesheya. Ukuze ruble ngeke ukwazi ukuthenga ngisho iyunithi sakugcina malini kwelinye izwe. Yilokho ezenzakalelayo ruble. Uma ukhumbule uSolzhenitsyn ucaphuna, izobukeka kanje: I-ruble yethu uzokwazi ukunikeza kuphela "ubuso".

Umthelela ukwehla futhi okuzenzakalelayo emnothweni

Kuyini ukwehla futhi okuzenzakalelayo mayelana nomthelela emnothweni futhi ibhalansi ukukhokhelwa nezinhlangano zezomnotho? Ukwehla kuyinto inqubo esemthethweni (noma fihla) kwemvume yokuthi lwemali kazwelonke kuwufanele kancane kunamanye, futhi imali ekulinganiseni busebenze noma ayitholakali, noma ngabodwa yabo akuyona okunengqondo. Imiphumela iba yinhlanganisela yokukhandleka buthakathaka lwemali, okwandisa ukubaluleka ezinye izinhlobo zemali futhi, okubaluleke kakhulu, banciphise ukuthembela e zimali umnotho wezwe.

Okuzenzakalelayo futhi inqubo lapho "esekuhlaza" emnothweni emehlweni zimali. Khona-ke lwemali kuyinto untenable ukulondoloza, kusukela ukwehla futhi okuzenzakalelayo ahambisana namanje ekuphumeni izinga lokwehla kwamandla emali. Imali ngenkathi kubiza kancane kakhulu kunangaphambili. Kwezwakala ngisho ngaphakathi ezweni, ikakhulukazi uma njalo "wokunyathelisa" nempikiswano imali yamaphepha entsha. By endleleni, le ukwehla akunamthelela kumnotho wasekhaya uma akuxhomekile ukungeniswa. Futhi izinga lokwehla kwamandla emali kuyingozi kuthinta.

Emihle nemibi ukuhweba imithelela ukwehla

Esikhathini ukwehla has kokubili imiphumela emihle nemibi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, akungabazeki, kufanele ukhombe ukwehla kwamanani kwezimpahla emazweni angaphandle. Isimo, okuyinto devalued, ithengisa izimpahla kwelinye izwe nge ephakeme futhi uzinze ngokwengeziwe amazinga exchange, esikhundleni ukuthola imikhiqizo yakhe. La mathuluzi Uyi inzuzo enkulu.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, abantu bakwamanye amazwe imikhiqizo efana ishibhile kuka wathenga abavela emazweni iminotho evuthiwe. Lena isici okwandayo nokuncintisana ezimakethe angaphandle. Okufanele ukwenze uma ukwehla kulesi simo? Kulula: ukusebenza futhi badayise. Ukucinga futhi ehlukahlukene izimakethe azame ukuzuza isizinda kuwo. abasebenzi Ukushiya ukusebenza phesheya futhi ikuvumela ukuba uthole okwengeziwe, nakuba leli qhinga ilimaza isithombe yezwe futhi ubeka engozini "outflow intelligence" phesheya.

Imiphumela emibi ye-ukwehla kwezohwebo

Umthelela ongemuhle ukwehla kuyinto Ukwanda okuphawulekayo kokuthandwa izindleko izimpahla amazwe. What do isimo ne ukwehla? I kahle kakhulu bazivikele ukungena ngokusebenzisa yokungenisa esikhundleni. Le ndlela iyona abanekhono kunabo nangokulinganisela, ngoba ikuvumela ukhawule outflow ka zakwamanye amafa wesistimu yasebhange ezweni efanele sika. Nokho, lapho isimo ayikwazi ukukhiqiza imikhiqizo ethile, isibonelo, ingxenye ukudla, namanje ophoqelelwe ukuthenga kubo. Kungenjalo, labantu ubhekene ukusweleka kokudla. Isinyathelo sesithathu ukuthi uhulumeni akufanele ukwenze ukuphrinta imali eningi. Lesi sinyathelo isivele ubuhlungu emakethe yasekhaya futhi ashukumise kokubili ukwehla ezintsha kanye nokwehla kwamandla emali.

Onalesi sifo ngoba ukwehla

Ngo-2015, i-ruble "eyakhishwa" e "ezintantayo khulula" futhi ulawulwa ngokuzimela, kuye funa. Ngemva kwalokho, isilinganiso sakhe engu- kancane kancane, ngalolo amathonya namanje futhi ukuntengantenga kwezombangazwe. Ngokuqinisekile amacebo uhulumeni - ukuqala ukuwamukela izinkokhelo amandla kuphela ruble. Futhi lokho kusho into eyodwa kuphela - inkambo on ukuthuthukisa umnotho lezimpahla. Ngenhlanhla, lokhu akuzenzakaleli. Kuyini lokhu? Ngamagama alula, kuba iqhinga kwezomnotho ukuthi siqukethe izingxenye eziningana.

Okokuqala, ukwehla kwentengo Ruble kuholela ekwandeni zonke ezinye izinhlobo zemali. amafa Russian manje cishe 45% aqukethe zamadola. Lokhu lwemali, eyaziwa is azenziwanga ngegolide, futhi yamukelwa kwamanye amazwe ngokuthi izabelo emva ukwenqaba "izinga legolide." ruble Russian kanye exchange angaphandle izinqolobane kukhona kwezinye izifundazwe. I ukwehla dollar njengomhlatshelo kwenza kube nokwenzeka amafa akhona ku isimo exchange angaphandle izinqolobane ukuthenga kakhulu ruble amafa zomhlaba ubabuyisele eRussia.

Ngenxa yalokho, enifeza izibalo uwoyela negesi kuzodinga abathengi kuqala ukuthenga ruble for lwemali yabo, bese ubuyela kubo emuva ukukhokhelwa. Into esemqoka ukuthi exchange rate lizophakama ngenxa yokufunwa abalulekile ngoba. Ezinjalo kumuntu onalesi sifo eside, futhi yilokhu okusongelayo ukwehla of the ruble esikhathini eside. Kodwa esikhathini esifushane kungaba namanje kuholele kwesinye ngokuzenzakalela.

Yini benze abantu

Konke lokho okusongelayo ukwehla of the ruble, asikwazi ukuba negalelo elinamandla okuluhlaza izinto umnotho. Kubi uwukuphela umphumela okuzenzakalelayo, okuyinto kungenzeka nge a ukwehla eqinile futhi angabacwasi ngokushesha. Labantu kule nkathi kubalulekile ukukhetha ukuthola imali ebolekiswayo. Lwemali ukonga avunyelwe ukugcina izinga lokuphila kuyindlela namhlanje. Nokho, kufanele aqondwe ukuthi inkinga kungase sidonsa iminyaka engaphezu kuka-5.

Kulesi simo, iqhinga abanekhono kunabo ukusindisa izimpahla zakho ezibaluleke kakhulu: ingcebo nezimoto. Ukuthenga impahla noma umhlaba ezindaweni esithembisayo ukwakhiwa ngeke ukwandisa capital yakho. Kukho konke, kubalulekile ukuphila ngokwamandla abo, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umholo womuntu okwanele. Futhi lapho ingeke ibe khona ezenzakalelayo, labantu nayo ayithinteki uma Yiqiniso, akuyona ebulawa federal loan izibopho. Ngokungafani ukwehla ezenzakalelayo ukuthi nge ukubukeka izimo isimo ezenzakalelayo ukulahla ukuvuthwa kwabo. Ngokuqondene nazo zonke ezinye, futhi ngokuzenzakalelayo futhi ukwehla akazange kuthinte izithakazelo sabantu, ungayisebenzisi lwemali futhi izimpahla amazwe, kuyilapho nawe ungalushayi kuyashesha izinga lokwehla kwamandla emali rate.