IPv6 - Kuyini? Kanjani amandla IPv6?

Njengoba ayaziwa lwezinhlelo zama-computer nge-Windows ebhodini ukufinyelela i-Inthanethi ngokusebenzisa i-protocol uhlelo TCP / IP, ukunakekela isabelo ngasinye esibulalayo ethile ehlukile-IP amakheli, okungekho noyedwa emshinini okuphindiwe (ie-IP yangaphandle). Kodwa namuhla, nhla abaningi bebheke protocol IPv6. Kuyini, ungayenza kanjani isebenze futhi ulungiselele manje futhi kuzoxoxwa. Ungaphinde ubone umehluko phakathi oIPv4 ne IPv6, futhi amathemba ukufunda ubuchwepheshe obusha esikhathini esizayo esiseduze.

IPv6: Kuyini lokhu?

Uma sikhuluma ngolimi olulula, le-IPv6 inguqulo ethuthukisiwe ye-IPv4 olandelwayo, olwakhiwa 70s kwekhulu elidlule.

Ngokuyinhloko, ngokuya algorithm eziyisisekelo linamathele IPv6 ukusebenza uhlelo, lokhu olandelwayo kuyinto lacishe nsé indlela yokuqala. Umahluko owokuthi e ukwabiwa nokusatshalaliswa ikhompyutha ezikhumulweni futhi esibhekela ohlelweni ukuphepha.

umsebenzisi esijwayelekile uma usebenzisa Ukufinyelela i-Inthanethi ezimweni eziningi neze ebhekene ne-IP amakheli, ngokuqondene nabo bonke uxhumano, kulingana okuthiwa Domain Name System, DNS esifushanisiwe. Nokho, ukuze siqonde kangcono isihloko: «IPv6 :? Yini kuba" ukuba nokuqonda okuncane mayelana izimiso eziyisisekelo ukusebenza kwalo Protocol.

Umlando omncane

Njengoba sekuzoqala ukuthuthukiswa ubuchwepheshe Inthanethi ke basungula indlela ekhethekile yekubona ikhompyutha ezikhumulweni sokufinyelela elula World Wide Web. Njengoba becabanga, umshini ngamunye kumele abe esehlukile, futhi lowo ayeyophindaphindwa ngisho nakanye nje.

Injongo le ndlela ku umzila futhi ukudluliswa kwe-data esekhadini inethiwekhi noma amanethiwekhi axhumene phakathi amaseva namakhompyutha ngabanye (isib imeyili). Ngiyavuma, ngoba kumele izincwadi ukuthumela noma imilayezo kuyiswe endaweni ethile. Futhi lapho ezimbili noma ngaphezulu efanayo IP-ikheli ezikhumulweni ukulethwa kungaba kwenziwe kunoma ubani. Khona-ke ukuthi kwakungakabi amaseva imeyili esemthethweni, kanye nokusetshenziswa POP3 ne SMTP.

Kwakuthinta kuleyo minyaka yasungulwa IPv4 olandelwayo ihlanganisa ukwenziwa ikheli elihlukile ngesimo izinombolo ezine 8 izingcezu ngamunye, okuyinto isiyonke wanika 32 izingcezu. Ngaleyondlela, kwakungemva mayelana nokudala yizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezine abaphathwa neze okubili amakheli.

Namuhla isimo sesishintshile, futhi, kwacaca ukuthi, umthetho olandelwayo IPv4 ingasakwazi ukukhiqiza amakheli amasha. Abanye ochwepheshe bathi kuye isiphelile engafezeka ngo-2009. Yingaleso sikhathi-ke ososayensi abaningi izingqondo futhi ukucabanga nendlela ukwandisa nemingcele eziyisisekelo. Eqinisweni, lezi zenzakalo kubo ngesimo eyengeziwe-add-on for IPv4 Kuqalwe 70s ngasekupheleni bese waziwa ngokuthi ST olandelwayo ke - the ST2, futhi ngemva kwesikhashana - igama lolungakahleleki IPv5. Kodwa lesi senzakalo ayizange ubanjwe on, ngisho bafakwe inkonzo mayelana nokuthuthuka eside. Namuhla, kubhekwa ukuthi entsha futhi wafuna kakhulu ngokushesha baba IPv6.

Umehluko phakathi oIPv4 ne IPv6 yezifiso

Manje sibheke umehluko omkhulu phakathi izinhlelo ezimbili. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ubude iyiphi IP ikheli 128 izingcezu. Ngakho, kwandziswa kwelinani letikhungo okudalwe esehlukile kungaba cishe unomphela.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, IPv4 has a lot of nezinkinga ezingathi sína zokuphepha ngokuya ukubethelwa kwedatha kanye komkhawulokudonsa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kulesi simiso, nokudluliswa efanayo Imininingwane waphawula ukubambezeleka uqine ngokwanele ukuthi Uphatha kabi umsebenzi ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza inethiwekhi.

Ngo ukuthuthukiswa IPv6 konke lokhu ucatshangelwe, kodwa umthetho olandelwayo kwaze kwaba yilapho kusungulwa okwandile akuzange wathola, nakuba ekhona wokusebenza zakamuva, kodwa hhayi amandla ngokwakhona. Yonke enye into, ngisho akubona bonke abahlinzeki ukwesekwa Ukufinyelela i-Inthanethi kulelizinga. Nokho, uma lokho kusekelwa kuyinto. Kungenjalo, umsebenzisi ngisho nangemva amasethingi afanele uzothola mlayezo imodi othomathikhi ezisebenzisa IPv6 ngaphandle ukufinyelela kwenethiwekhi. Nokho, ngisho noma umthetho olandelwayo akakabi lisetshenziswa, okuvelele kokunika amandla alo futhi ukumisa cabanga kusadingeka.

Kanjani amandla IPv6 Windows 7 nangaphezulu

Ngakho, qala ukubheka uhlobo "Eziyisikhombisa" zalesi simiso nangaphezulu. Ithi ngesikhathi esisodwa: uma, isibonelo, ekhaya usebenzisa umzila (router wireless), ulungiselele IPv6 ngoba kunethiwekhi yasendaweni akwenzi ingqondo, ngaphandle ukuthi kuphela umhlinzeki. Kodwa uma ikhebula ixhunyiwe ngqo, khona-ke - yebo.

Ukuze uqale, kufanele uhlole ukuthi umthetho olandelwayo inikwe amandla ohlelweni. Lokhu kungenziwa impela nje ngokufaka uthayipha ku ngokushesha umyalo (cmd ucingo nge imenyu "Run" noma inhlanganisela Win R) ipconfig umyalo. Uma isikrini Akukhulunywa nhlobo protocol IPv6 kuyodingeka ngesandla amandla.

Ngiyinika kanjani amandla i-IPv6? Yebo, nje usebenzise uxhumano ukwahlukanisa inethiwekhi njengoba standard "Control Panel", kodwa kulula ukufaka ncpa.cpl umyalo kwimenyu efanayo "Gijima."

Manje khetha adaptha inethiwekhi, ungene impahla yayo. Kufanele uphawu amagama olandelwayo, bese ulungiselele ukuthi (lokhu kuyokwenziwa esekhuluma).

Ukunika amandla i-IPv6 e-Windows XP

Manje sibheke XP-nguqulo ye-Windows. IPv6 likhona uhlelo, isimiso, nakho kungaba ngokusebenzisa izakhiwo uxhumano lenethiwekhi ku "Control Panel", kodwa-ke kulula ukukwenza kusuka kumugqa womyalo, eye njalo ebekiwe imiyalo ezilandelayo:

- Netsh (+ okokufaka)

- Interface (+ okokufaka)

- IPv6 (+ okokufaka)

- ukufaka (+ input).

Ukuhlanganyela protocol kusukela "Control Panel" senziwa liyefana yini icala ngenhla.

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Manje sibheke IPv6 kulungiselelwa. Uxhumano lwe-inthanethi bazuze kuphela ukusuka kulo (futhi, ukulungiselelwa sisebenza kuphela uma umhlinzeki isekela le protocol).

Ezimweni eziningi, isethi lesifanele ikheli IPv6, une-computer ngesandla, akudingeki. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi cishe zonke izinkampani ezinkulu umhlinzeki abakhuthele DHCPv6 inethiwekhi ekhaya iseva, okuyilokho, eqinisweni, ekhiqizwa isabelo-IP, ie-IPv6 Ikheli leseva iyaphendula nge umshini othize uqobo.

Ngakho, i-ukulungiswa lula yasendle kufanele ihileleke ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuthola ikheli lasesizindeni kanye nekheli-DNS iseva. Uma kulungiselelwa othomathikhi akunakwenzeka, kodwa kukhona ukwesekwa i-IPv6, amakheli e-IP ingatholakala ngokuzenzakalelayo, kodwa amanani efiswayo-DNS iseva kumele wangena ngesandla. Futhi lapha kukhona snags.

ukumisa i-amathiphu okunye ukucushwa

Kanjani amandla le-IPv6, has, mhlawumbe, kuyaqondakala. Manje amagama ambalwa ngqo maqondana nokumiswa anokulungiselelwa okunye.

Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, kukhona ukugcizelela esicacile ukusetha lesifanele oluyintandokazi enye-DNS iseva. Ukuze isicelo esinengqondo okufanele setha idatha elandelayo (narimer kumasevisi e-Google):

- Ngikhetha DNS - 2001: 4860: 4860 :: 8888.

- enye DNS - 2001: 4860: 4860 :: 8844.

Izilungiselelo ze-proxy kungenziwa kwesokunxele zinjalo. Ezimweni eziningi, seseva azisetshenziswa ngoba amakheli endawo.

Nakanjani ongazisebenzisa, isibonelo, ikheli lomsebenzi Yandex nokunye. D. A indima ekhethekile Kulokhu akunandaba. Nokho, kungcono kakhulu uma kungenzeka enjalo, ukwazi kwemigomo anokulungiselelwa okunye lomhlinzeki. Njengoba Bathi, kuyoba eziqinile. Nokho, izimo njengoba umkhuba imibukiso, e kakhulu ukusebenza ngokuphelele futhi othomathikhi izilungiselelo.

umsebenzi Ihlola

Ngakho, ukuze unike amandla futhi ulungiselele IPv6 kukhiqizwa. Manje uhlala ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umthetho olandelwayo kuhileleke ngempela futhi isebenza ngaphandle izinkinga.

Ukuze uhlole uxhumano usebenzisa wonke efanayo umyalo ipconfig. Ngemva zonke izinqubo ezifanele ukwenziwa nokusetha protocol kumele babonisa esikrinini. Uma ucela ukubona ikheli, ungakwazi vele uchofoze isithonjana kwenethiwekhi uxhumano kuthreyi yesistimu bese ukhetha imenyu isimo. Kungashiwo okufanayo kwenziwa kusukela "Control Panel", okuyinto ukhetha esigabeni esifanele uxhumano lenethiwekhi ekutheni ajwayele ushintsho emva kwakwakhe esebenzayo.

esikhundleni isiphetho sendaba

Lapha, kafushane, futhi konke kuhlobene olandelwayo IPv6. Ukuthi kuyini, ngicabanga, kuba okuncane kuyaqondakala. Njengoba ubona, nezilungiselelo, ngokuvamile, akunzima kangako njengoba kungase kubonakale efika kuqala. Zonke ziyatholakala ku izigaba ezifanele "Control Panel." Nokho, i-XP kungcono ukusebenzisa umugqa wemiyalo.

Ngokusho kochwepheshe abaningi, ushintsho okugcwele uhlobo olusha olandelwayo kuyokwenzeka eminyakeni ezayo, njengoba has a amathemba kahle, kanye okuthuthukile ukusebenza uhlelo. Phela, uma ubheka ezinye amakhompyutha ibhizinisi ayisekho elinganiselwe. Lokho kuphela emangalisayo kunyuke isibalo ubuchwepheshe mobile, kanye nokufinyelela ku-intanethi devaysu ngamunye onjalo futhi isihlonzi esehlukile. Ngakho-IPv4 nale onzima uye neze ukubhekana.

Kukholakala ukuthi esikhathini esizayo esiseduze ukusetshenziswa amagajethi mobile kuzokhulisa nakakhulu. Kodwa ukuze ubhekane ngokuphumelelayo nalesi simo yiso kulesi simiso esisha kuzosiza ikheli Kwabiwa esekelwe olandelwayo IPv6. Kwakungenxa ngekusasa lakhe, kwaba kubi nakakhulu, ngenxa inani elandayo amadivayisi ezidinga ukuxhuma kwi-World Wide Web, cishe ngo umkhuba oqhubekayo wokubuka yejeyomethri, lomgomo entsha has a lot amathuba amaningi ukubhekana nokulethwa kanye komkhawulokudonsa enkulu nakakhulu.