Inqubo ngaphambi kokutshala amazambane yokulwa izinambuzane?

Ekuqaleni ngayinye ezikhulayo inkathi umtshali kuphakamisa umbuzo wokuthi yini inqubo ngaphambi kokutshala amazambane ezifweni kanye izinambuzane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukuba ucabange ngisho nangaphambi kube nenkinga, njengoba kulula ukugwema lokhu enkingeni, kunokuthi ngemva kokulwa naye.

Hlunga nezilimo eziyizigaxa

Ekwindla ka wensimu ukhetha imbewu engcono, ukulahla kakhulu ncane kanye izinto ogulayo noma ezilimele.

1. Kubalulekile ukuthola kumasayithi Isitoreji cishe inyanga okulungiselelwe workpiece.

2. Ukuze ukuhlonza izimo lapho kukhona izimpawu ezicacile we ukukhunta izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane, kubalulekile ukuba ngibahlakazele phezu esikhulu ngokucophelela uhlole konke akayithandi, ufuna ukususa.

3. esigabeni esilandelayo esifudumeza. Ngenxa yale njongo, nezilimo eziyizigaxa ezibekwe esikhaleni ne lokushisa 15 kuya 18 ° C. Babe zihlolwe futhi isuswe lezo zimpawu samanje lesi sifo.

4. Ngaphambi kokuba ucabange, kuka ukucubungula ngaphambi kokutshala amazambane kusukela Colorado amazambane beetle, kufanele kuqondwe ukuthi elilungile ukuhluma nezilimo eziyizigaxa amayelana 70 amagremu isisindo. You azi ukuthi encane noma enkulu futhi efanelekile, ngombandela wokuthi zingabantu engumqemane, kodwa ukusebenzisa kwabo ngaphansi ezifiselekayo.

ukuqeqeshwa

Lesi sigaba kuyinto ukwakheka kwezimo ezifanele amila. Nezilimo eziyizigaxa ephuma egumbini lapho ayehlala phakathi nobusika, futhi zibekwe endaweni egqamile futhi efudumele. Lokhu kwenziwa mayelana 20-30 izinsuku ngaphambi kokutshala. Nakanjani kudingeka ngilungise futhi ihlelwa Usayizi izithombo. Buciko lezi izinqubo kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuba sifinyelele ukuhluma kanyekanye.

Amagciwane ukuthi idlule 5 amasentimitha ubude, ziyasuswa kudingeka onge amandla ngenqubo olwengeziwe. Okulandelayo, udinga ukuqinisekisa kwezimo ezifanele futhi unqume ukuthi ukucubungula amazambane ngaphambi kokutshala. Futhi kutuswa wamnika ukufinyelela ekukhanyeni, njengalokhu izonikeza ukudweba, okuholela imbewu engcono ziqhume bese imile izimpande. Uma ukhethe nezilimo eziyizigaxa ezinkulu, badinga pre-uthathe izingxenye ezimbili noma ezintathu, kodwa ukuze ngamunye ukwabelana wahlala lwegciwane. Uma elahleka, ke amahlumela bangawutholi nanini anyukele. Ukuze ugweme abolile, usike ngempela aphathwe umlotha, njengoba nje iye izakhiwo elwa namagciwane.

amalungiselelo

Ukuze uqonde ukuthi ukuba aphathe nezilimo eziyizigaxa ngaphambi zokutshala, kudingeka uqonde amathuluzi ethulwa namuhla uhla khulula.

1. Fungicide "Maxim" retards ukuthuthukiswa okulimaza sekwephuzile, kodwa futhi ivikela izimila ezintsha kusukela Rhizoctonia futhi kunciphisa umonakalo isiliva uqweqwe ezivamile.

2. zinambuzane lefundo "Kruyzer" ivikela nezilimo eziyizigaxa kusuka iningi kwenhlabathi phansi izinambuzane, okungukuthi aphid, Colorado amazambane beetle wireworms.

3. "Quadris" kuyasiza ukwandisa imikhiqizo yezilimo, kodwa futhi zivikela izifo eziningi.

4. "Top Celeste" izinga zingalulonda kwenhlabathi phansi izinambuzane nezifo fungal ukuthi ngakho ngokuvamile uyofaka izimpande kanti ukuvuna uqobo.

5. Two-zinambuzane "Voliam Flexy" ngenkuthalo zivikela izinambuzane abancela, ngisho Colorado amazambane bhungane.

6. Kulabo abafuna ukuba sizikhethele ukuthi sifuna ukucubungula ngaphambi kokutshala amazambane kusukela eziyinsungulo banganikeza izidakamizwa "Phoqelela". Wenza kokufa inkathazo kuze kube uthola isivuno.

7. "Akhtar" zivikela zonke izidla izinyanga ezimbalwa.

8. "Zenzele Igama" ivikela kahle izinhlobonhlobo sekwephuzile of bola ezimanzi, emgodleni okulimaza, Colorado amazambane bhungane, eba notwayi, futhi kuthuthukisa ukuhluma, ukukhula, futhi adubule kumiswa simila.

Labo banesithakazelo kulokho inqubo ngaphambi kokutshala amazambane, ungase futhi batusa amalungiselelo ezifana "Umkhuzi", "Imidor", "Imidalit", "Agrovitali", "Taboo" futhi "Nuprid 600".

Ukugqugquzela ukukhula efihlekile

Uma kwenziwa ngaphambi kokutshala izinqubo ezithile, kungenzeka ukuba sifinyelele ukuhluma okusheshayo, ekugcineni kwenzeke nezilimo eziyizigaxa ngokushesha ukukhula.

1. Ukuze sikhuthaze izidakamizwa ephelele "Poteitin", okwandisa isivuno ngamaphesenti angaphezu kuka-20%. Isixazululo kufanele uzilungiselele ngokushesha ngaphambi sifakwe emanzini. Omunye ampoule sihlakazwa ilitha lamanzi. Ngakho abaningi bakwazi ukucubungula kuze kufinyelele khilogremu eziyisithupha imbewu. Inqubo Kunconywa ngokushesha ngaphambi kokutshala. Futhi, izidakamizwa uba fungicide, okungukuthi ukuvikela imbewu ngokumelene okulimaza.

2. Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi ukucubungula ngaphambi kokutshala amazambane, ukusheshisa cell division. Nale nqubo ngokuphelele ukubhekana izidakamizwa "Bioglobin". Uma zisetshenziswa kahle ke, isivuno zingandiswa kabili. Ngenxa yokwelashwa ngenhla, izithombo uqale ukuvela yesithathu ngokushesha kunokuba ezivamile zokutshala impahla eluhlaza. Zonke izinqubo kudingeka ukuchitha inyanga eyodwa ngaphambi kokuba selingene shí ihlume phansi. It Kunconywa ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa kusukela izinambuzane ukukhulisa ukuvikela isivuno esizayo.

3. Ungakwazi sisebenzise eziyinkimbinkimbi kumnandi "Mick" - ivuselela izinga, kusiza ekuthuthukiseni efihlekile, okuyinto yena, kubonisa imiphumela emihle amahlumela olwengeziwe.

4. Futhi, kutuswa ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa "Immunotsitofit", okuyinto ikhiqizwa amaphilisi. Labo ukuthi uzosisingatha kanjani amazambane "udumo" ngaphambi kokutshala, ngaphandle kwezinkinga futhi ukubhekana nalokhu izidakamizwa, njengoba nje kuvamile namanje efanayo izenzo izici nesikhundla sabo. kuvusa Complex futhi ilawula ukusebenza, kanye nokusiza ukulwa nesifo. Nge iphilisi elilodwa Ungasingatha kuze kufinyelele khilogremu amabili enhlanyelo.

Colorado amazambane beetle umkhiqizo

Ukunqotshwa sokuqala ngqa kule inkathazo ziye zabonakala ngo-1855. Igama isinambuzane sitholwa emva ukuthola ukuhlasela kwalo okukhulu ku izitshalo yemifino esifundazweni Colorado. Biological amagciwane ayingozi incike uhlobo umthelela isiko. Ubudlelwano obuphakathi khona ibhungane bese impande kwezitshalo isivuno ngokwanele okusezingeni eliphezulu. Umonakalo main kubangelwa izibungu we inkathazo. Ngalesi sikhathi, isilinganiso kudliwa amazambane haulm 50-120 mg ngosuku. Ngakho umuntu ngamunye ibusa abacela ku-750 mg ifolishi eluhlaza. Ngemva ubusika ayesekhulile izinambuzane ezincane nazo yingozi. ndlovu ngamunye kwesokunxele phezu, ubhubhisa okungenani 135 amagremu A leaf mass. Kubalulekile ukwazi indlela yokuphatha amazambane ngaphambi kokutshala Colorado amazambane bhungane, kusukela esigabeni sokuqala yokukhula kukhona ukukhula ngamandla waze kumiswa eziqongweni, okuyinto liyakwazi ekulahlekelweni isisindo ishidi.

Abalimi Modern ngenkuthalo ekulweni le Pest, ngoba uma akababhubhisi, okwazi isikhathi esifushane kakhulu ukubhubhisa izindawo ezinkulu izitshalo. Kumele kuqashelwe futhi ukuthi lokhu inkathazo eveza esikhathini esifishane. Against isinambuzane ungasebenzisa izidakamizwa ezibanzi-spectrum "Matador Grant", kahle ivikela amazambane esusela Colorado amazambane bhungane, futhi kusukela eziyinsungulo, amabhu, whiteflies, aphid kanye leafhoppers, futhi uyakwazi ukuvikela emagciwaneni, ezifana alternarioz, okulimaza sekwephuzile, peronosporosis futhi macrosporiosis. Ibala lokuhlushwa izindlela ezidingekayo ukulungisa ingxenye akazange balimaza abantu. On amazambane 30 kumelwe athathe 30 ml umkhiqizo ukuba exutshwe 200 ml amanzi.

Indaba ukulungele unwetshiwe indiza, bese wafutha ngokucophelela. Ngemuva omiswe ephelele nezilimo eziyizigaxa kuyinto efiselekayo ngokushesha imithombo.

It is ibuye Kunconywa ukuba akwazi ukuthi siphathwa kanjani amazambane "udumo" ngaphambi kokutshala, njengoba ingasetshenziswa ingxube nomunye izidakamizwa, njengokuthi "Maxim". Ukuze isixazululo isithako kuqala kudingeka 100 ml, kanti eyesibili - 70 ml. Lokhu iqoqo kungaba okwanele ukucubungula ngokunembile nezilimo eziyizigaxa 100. Zonke ezinye ngezabelo ukuxuba kungabonwa isembozo lapho ukuthi akuphi. Ukuze emabangeni lasekucaleni ivikeleke kakhulu ekwakhiweni ngeke "Taboo" - kwamazinyo isikhathi akazange idlule izinsuku 45, futhi "impi esheshayo engahlomile kakhulu", isilinganiso kabani ukugeleza - 7 mg ngayinye 10 kg impahla.

nezilwanyana ezincane buhlungu

Njalo wensimu kumele yazi ukuthi inqubo nezilimo eziyizigaxa ngaphambi zokutshala, ukuqhubeka ukuthola isivuno esihle, okuyinto kuyoba izinga okusezingeni futhi ngaphandle umonakalo. Kukhona inani elikhulu amagciwane, okuyinto bayojabulela yemifino wonke umuntu eyintandokazi.

Ukuze uvikele nezilimo eziyizigaxa ezifweni fungal, kudingeka ukubaphatha isixazululo zethusi sulfate. Ukuze lokhu kuyadingeka ukulungiselela 3 litre amanzi ugovuze nabo spoon imfuyo encane. Khona-ke imbewu zibekwe grid futhi iwela isixazululo imizuzu eminingana. nezilimo eziyizigaxa Ngaphezu kwalokho, uyobanika edingekayo ukuze ome, futhi ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa usungaqala inqubo kokwehla.

Futhi kudingeka wazi ngaphezu ukusingatha amazambane ngaphambi kokutshala ukuze ayivikele ezihlukahlukene Amagciwane. Ungasebenzisa fungicide "fitosporin-M." Lena izidakamizwa zamakhemikhali buhlanjululwe ngokusho iziqondiso ezinikezwa kuwo. Ngokulandelayo, nezilimo eziyizigaxa ezibekwe kule isixazululo imizuzu engu-15 ngokoqobo. Khona-ke masinyane wangcwatshwa emhlabathini.

Kuphela izakhi zamakhemikhali Kunconywa ezifweni ezinjenge nokuyisebenzisa njengoba kuchazwe bhukwana.

wireworms

Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi ukucubungula ngaphambi kokutshala amazambane kusuka eziyinsungulo, njengoba kuba njalo inkathazo kuhle ezimbi. Kuyinto isibungu beetle wireworms, okuyinto ngenkuthalo gnaws uhamba nezilimo eziyizigaxa. Harvest, wayigenca amashwa ezinjalo, ngokuvamile siphoselwe kudoti, ngoba cishe engenakwenzeka ukuhlanza nezilimo eziyizigaxa ezivela kuye. Emzabalazweni usongo olunjalo belungaphelelwa basisize zomuthi "Zenzele Igama" noma "Taboo". Bangakwazi olufuthwe nge imbewu noma ukwenza ngqo emgodini ngaphambi kokutshala esiteji. Flow rate - 1.2 amalitha ngamunye eziyikhulu ingxenye ingxenye. Ngaphezu kwalezi mathuluzi, kudingeka wazi ngaphezu ukusingatha amazambane ngaphambi kokutshala. Lezi zinto zihlanganisa "Umkhuzi", "Picos", "Imidor" futhi "Nuprid 600". izakhiwo ezinjalo ukukhuthalele elwa eziyinsungulo hhayi kuphela, kodwa futhi nabanye izinambuzane, ezifana cutworms, nematode, chafers, ikhilikithi, lozhnoprovolochniki nezinye izinambuzane.

amakhambi abantu

Njengoba yaziwa, umkhiqizo elinjalo, efana namazambane, efana hhayi kuphela abantu, kodwa futhi ezihlukahlukene izimbungulu nezinto ezincane eziphilayo. Ukusetshenziswa amakhemikhali ukuvikela ikusasa, lesi sitshalo hhayi njalo ezifudumele balimi, kusukela kukhona kungenzeka yokugcwalisa nezilimo eziyizigaxa zinambuzane. Ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukwazi ukuthi ukucubungula ngaphambi kokutshala amazambane kusuka Phytophthora, njengoba lokhu igciwane kuyingozi kakhulu, ngakho-ke abantu abaningi ukusebenzisa izithako zemvelo ukuze le nkinga. Colorado amazambane bhungane kubhekwa inkathazo eziyingozi ukuze ujwayelene zokupheka yemvelo ukuyinqoba cishe kungenakwenzeka. Nakuba kungenzeka ukuvimbela ukukhiqizwa kabusha yayo asebenzayo. Lapho ukutshala kuyadingeka ukuze ungeze umgodi omncane futhi aphonse umlotha okufanayo coriander noma ehlathini ubhontshisi, okuyinto abe iphunga oqinile. Ngaphezu kwalezi izitshalo, ke kuyakhuthazwa ukwenza ukusetshenziswa basil, fennel, tansy kanye calendula.

Kubalulekile futhi ukwazi ukuthi ukucubungula ngaphambi kokutshala amazambane kusuka okulimaza sekwephuzile, njengoba isifo esiyingozi esithinta imbewu. Ngaphambi kokuqala ukutshala nezilimo eziyizigaxa ziphathwe potassium permanganate. Ukuze wenze lokhu baya khona ukuyofunda imizuzu engu-30 in isixazululo okuyinto Yenziwe 1 g potassium permanganate ziyoncibilika 1 ilitha lamanzi. Futhi kutuswa ukuba ulungiselele inhlanganisela eyinkimbinkimbi. Ngoba kudingeka 10 amagremu sulfate yethusi, manganese 1 igremu, 1 igremu boric acid. Yonke le ngxube u buhlanjululwe 10 amalitha amanzi. Ngemva kwenqubo kwelashwa isidingo sokulinda kuze kube womile zokutshala impahla, bese kuphela ukwehlisa kube imithombo.

Futhi kumelwe wazi ukuthi kufanele sizisingathe kanjani amazambane amila phambi kwesango izithombo sekukhona ngokushesha futhi ukuvikela izitshalo ekuhlaselweni izinambuzane. Ngenxa yalesi kubalulekile ukuthatha esitsheni 10-litre kanye buhlanjululwe therein 1 kg umlotha kanye namanzi. Amazambane akazange nje athole uhlobo ukuvikelwa, kubuye kube kahle bazogcwalisa potassium, esiza impela ukuhluma ngokushesha.

Ayikho into engaphansi ebalulekile yokuvikela izinto kakade itshalwe ubhekwa nokulandela imithetho kwezitshalo, kanye ubambe ezihlukahlukene enama.

Lapho kungenziwa itshalwe

It kubhekwa ukuthi kudingekile ukuba singazi kuphela lokho ukucubungula ngaphambi kokutshala amazambane, futhi ingathunyelwa nalapho okulungiselelwe nezilimo eziyizigaxa emhlabathini. Ngokuvamile, ngemva kokuba zonke amalungiselelo, siye iqalisa ngosuku olufanayo emva omiswe ephelele imbewu. Lapho sifakwe emanzini nezilimo eziyizigaxa izophela izixazululo, ngempela amahora ambalwa ukuze babe bewuhlomele kokwehla.

processing time futhi encike ngqo kwi izidakamizwa esetshenziswa. Ngokwesibonelo, "Bioglobinom" kumele kusetshenziswe inyanga ngaphambi futhi ngokushesha ngaphambi kokutshala. Ngakho kudingeka utadishe bhukwana ngokucophelela, ukuze akwazi ukuthi siphathwa kanjani amazambane kusukela ibhungane ngaphambi kokutshala, bese ulandela imiyalelo ngokucophelela. zokukhwabanisa seedbed kuyinto Ngenjongo yokuphepha ukuthi kunciphisa imali okwalandela ekulweni nezilokazane nezifo. Kanye nezinqubo oshiwo ngenhla ukwandisa umvuno isivuno.

isidingo izidakamizwa

Ngaphambi kokuthi usebenzise izindlela ezithile, kudingeka acabangisise izinzuzo ukusetshenziswa yabo. Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi yini ukucubungula amazambane ngaphambi ukuhluma kokutshala kuhamba phambili, ngoba inikeza ukushukuma ezengeziwe kwetinhlavu nengxenye kweshumi nezilimo eziyizigaxa ezintsha komunye watshala. Ukuvikeleka izinambuzane esisisiza yesithathu ezinhle izinkomba. Ikhwalithi imikhiqizo esezikhulile nako kuyanda, ngakho presowing kwakufaneleka ngokugcwele.