Iningi izikhukhukazi amaqanda-laying ukuzalela: incazelo

Ngu injongo zohlobo izinkukhu zihlukaniswe inyama, iqanda myasoyaichnye, izinja wepi zokuhlobisa. Ziyahlukahluka kuye kunombolo kudilizwe ngonyaka Iqanda isisindo, isabelo zentuthuko. Iningi amaqanda-kubekwa zohlobo izinkukhu - isiqondiso yenkukhu egg. Bayakwazi ukuthwala esingaphezu konyaka amaqanda, anamakhulu mathathu. Lezi zilwane asele abe ukukhiqizwa amaqanda ongaphakeme: amaqanda angaba yikhulu ngonyaka. Nge zezinhlobo ngobukhulu etholwe wepi izinhlobo amaqanda-laying ke.

Izici zinhlobo Iqanda ukukhiqizwa

Uma ngabe injongo yokuzalanisa zinhlobo - ukuthola amaqanda, kuyakufanelekela it ukuhlala ukukhiqizwa amaqanda we zezinyoni. Kukhona izinhlobo eziningi izinkukhu kule ohlangothini oluhlukile, kodwa bonke abafana ngazo:

1. Lezi zinyoni akuzona usayizi esikhulu, enesisindo esingaba amakhilogremu engaphansi kwemithathu.
2. namaphiko ebanzi.
3. Ngo abesilisa izimpaphe eside umsila wayo.
4. Early ukukhula zohlobo. Oviposition iqala kungakapheli izinyanga ezinhlanu.

izinhlobo Iningi amaqanda-laying izinkukhu kungenziwa igcinwe emakhejini. Ukuze uthole inzalo izingqimba, kubalulekile ukuba ube yilungu incubator, njengoba inyoni awunazo isazela of bayashintshana ekufukameleni. Nakuba inkukhu usungaqala amabhu amaqanda, kodwa wayekhonza kuze kube sekupheleni.

kukhethwa zohlobo

Okumhlophe amaqanda-laying izikhukhukazi zohlobo kuqhathaniswa ngaphambi kokwenza ukukhetha sokugcina. Ngokuvamile, ulwazi olulandelayo isetshenziselwa siqhathaniso:

• ukukhiqizwa amaqanda ngoba ngonyaka;
• Iqanda isisindo;
• izinkukhu wezempilo;
• iphesenti sokusinda inzalo;
• frost eyinkimbinkimbi ukunakekelwa;
• Ukondla ukudla (kukhona izinhlobo ezidinga uhlobo olukhethekile lokudla).

Ngokuqhathanisa idatha, singasho ngokuqinisekile ukuthi zohlobo izinkukhu - iningi ukukhiqizwa amaqanda, futhi ukuhlolwa kolwazi kuzosiza ukunquma ukuthi yiziphi kangcono kuwe.

ukuzalela

Kukhona izinhlobo eziningi Iqanda ohlangothini oluhlukile. Iningi amaqanda-laying izinhlobo izinkukhu ezingaba amaqanda ebusika, njengoba kulandela:

• ezimhlophe Russian;
• eLeghorn;
• Loman-Brown;
• Hajseks;
• Line High;
• Kuchinskaya wejubili;
• Iza Braun;
• Tetra;
• Minorca.

Wathi kubo yenkukhu abalimi? Ukwahlulela ukubuyekezwa, okuhamba phambili kwe-zohlobo amaqanda-laying izikhukhukazi singakhuthazela Iqanda nsuku zonke. Kulesi ezingavamile inyoni yokuphumula - I-ngonyaka cishe izinyanga ezimbili yezikhukhukazi laying ingasheshi (ngokuvamile le nkathi molt).

Russian mhlophe

Zohlobo yasungulwa e-USSR. Ngokusemthethweni, wafika ngo-1953. Breed umbala sici ezimhlophe of the esibayeni. Kana sizalwa ophuzi fuzz.

Buza umbuzo mayelana nokuthi iyiphi zohlobo ukukhiqizwa inkukhu neqanda? Izibuyekezo kuzosiza eMpumalanga enkulu ekukhethweni kuka-izinkukhu. Lokhu kungaba Russian emhlophe. Ngenxa yalesi inyoni libhekene okulandelayo:

1. Izinhla akuzona ezinkulu, enesisindo mayelana 1.8 kg, kanye amaqhude zibe nesisindo esingaphezu - mayelana 2.5 kg.
2. Ngonyaka wokuqala nokubeka hen sibekela amaqanda 210, ngalinye linesisindo 55 g
3. Early inyoni nokuvuthwa. Ukufuya izinkukhu amaqanda iqala yobudala izinyanga ezinhlanu.
4. ukulondolozwa kahle kakhulu omdala kanye nezinkukhu engamahlongandlebe (92 kanye nama-95% ngokulandelana).

Otselektsionirovannye umugqa akwazi kuze kufinyelele amaqanda 300 noma ngaphezulu ngonyaka.

Lolu hlobo inkukhu, ngokuvumelana abalimi, has ngisewumqemane. Kwakulula anakekele. Le nyoni has a ukumelana frost, ngakho-ke asikho isidingo ukufudumeza okuqukethwe ngehhoko inkukhu. White Russian vuma ngo yimuphi sezulu. Kulokhu, ngisho ukubanda okwedlulele uyaqhubeka ukuhlehlisa laying iqanda.

eLeghorn

Lolu hlobo ubonakele e-Italy e yekhulu nesishiyagalolunye. Ngalezo zinsuku, izinyoni akazange zihluke izikhukhukazi evamile. Kusukela Italy eLeghorn hit e-US, lapho baye baqala ukuwela nezinye izinhlobo ukukhiqiza umugqa omusha. Ngemva msebenzi eLeghorn baba siphathelene abalekele. Abazalanisi umsebenzi abangu okuhloswe ngazo okwandisa ukukhiqizwa iqanda nokukhula ngokushesha izilwane ezisencane.

Ngokusho incazelo, iningi amaqanda-laying izikhukhukazi izinhlobo (abamele isithombe ungabona esihlokweni) ungaba Umbala ahlukene kakhulu. ELeghorn ube nezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka amabili imibala, phakathi okuyinto ethandwa kakhulu asemhlophe.

izingqimba Mass - 1.6-2 kg, amaqhude nesisindo 2.8 kg. lokuzala iza eneminyaka engu-amasonto 18. Kuwo lo nyaka, ebeka hen kungaba amaqanda angaba ngu-300 ne igobolondo elimhlophe, nenqwaba ngamunye - angu-60, iqanda eliphakeme laying izinhlobo kuphawulwe onyakeni wokuqala wokuphila. Ngakho-ke, ngaphezu konyaka yezinyoni akugcine, futhi ushintshe kuzo kwabasha.

Azikho izingqimba ngicabange isazela, ngakho okukhiphayo amatshwele incubator kuphela. Amaphesenti hatchability ngempela high - mayelana 95%.

ELeghorn libhekene ukukhula ngokushesha kanye nezimo kakhulu nezimo ezahlukahlukene yeziboshwa.

Loman-Brown

Phakathi izinhlobo amaqanda-laying hens laying ukunikeza Lohman Brown. Yegatsha libhekisela omunye kom kakhulu, abameleli sisakwazi ukuqala amaqanda eneminyaka engu-izinyanga 5. Nge ukunakekelwa kahle sikhathi yokudla efanele lenyoni inika unyaka amaqanda hhayi ngaphansi kuka 310 nesisindo ukukhiqizwa Egg 80 g lugcinwa iminyaka emithathu.

izikhukhukazi amaqanda-laying ukuzalela Lohman Brown iyona yokuvuthwa, kodwa kunconywa ukuba silondoloze engu-amasonto 80, bese ukuthumela "isobho."

Breed ingasetshenziswa inyama, kodwa isisindo lezi izinkukhu ingenkulu kakhulu. Roosters at izinyanga eziyisithupha ubudala enesisindo mayelana amathathu amakhilogramu, bese kubekwa izikhukhukazi - mayelana ezimbili. Uma udinga okukhipha enkulu inyama kuwufanele ecabanga inyama izinhlobo, ezimila ngokushesha futhi kakade izinyanga 4 ukuze zibe nesisindo esingaphezu 4 amakhilogramu.

Hajseks

Isihloko kuveza kakhulu amaqanda-laying zohlobo izinkukhu - ngezithombe amagama (isb amagama ..), Futhi phakathi kwabo - idwala Hajseks. Bird ekhaya uyakwazi ukubeka njalo amaqanda iminyaka emibili. Khona-ke ukukhiqizwa amaqanda lehla. Nokho, amapulazi amakhulu inyoni akagcinanga esingaphezu konyaka, esikhundleni ngamawundlu ayo.

Njengoba kushiwo ukubuyekezwa, izinkukhu uthumele kahle okuqukethwe kuseli. Ezimweni ezinjalo, bayakwazi ukukhiqiza iqanda nsuku zonke.

Trot inkukhu liqala eneminyaka engu-izinyanga 5. Iqanda isilinganiso ukala 60 amagremu. Yathumbela inyoni kuyoba Adalberto isikhathi eside - kusukela izinyanga 5 iminyaka engu-2 zokuphila. Khona-ke, inani ukukhiqizwa kuyehla cishe ingxenye yako.

Breed Hajseks eningawugcinanga inyama. Lena ithatha Iqanda izinkukhu. Isisindo laying kungekho amakhilogremu angaphezu kuka-1.8, ngakho uyigcine ngenxa inyama okungalungile.

Zohlobo kungekho isazela kwabakhulelwe, ngakho okukhiphayo amatshwele e iyindawo. I hatchability Amaphesenti angaba ngu-90% of the amaqanda avundiswa.

Line okuphezulu

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zama-ephezulu zohlobo inthanethi. Lokhu izinkukhu ezimhlophe nonsundu. Bona azigcini nje ngokuhluka umbala izimpaphe, kodwa futhi nezinye izici.

imininingwane yangaphandle ngongqimba efanayo. Bobabili izinhlobo abe ikamu elikhulu pink, pink namacici okweqanda. Inhloko incane, intamo obukhulu, umlomo wenyoni eqinile ophuzi. Le nyoni libhekene emahlombe ezibanzi, aphakathi obuphelele umsila. Wing athuthukile, Friend emzimbeni.

I engavamile zohlobo - e degree yayo eliphezulu ukuphepha. Nokufa izingqimba ingeqi 5%. Phakathi amaqanda bayashintshana ekufukameleni sokusinda okusezingeni eliphezulu izinga - mayelana 96%.

Naphezu ukubukeka efanayo, izinyoni kanye nezinsiba anemibala ehlukene ezahlukene izinkomba ambalwa. inkukhu White iqala ukuthela ku kokufinyelela eminyakeni ewu izinsuku 140, futhi nsundu - ngemva kwezinsuku eziyishumi. Adult izikhukhukazi brown zibe nesisindo esingaphezu abamhlophe (mayelana 500 amagremu). Ebusuku brown ukudla okuningi (azungeze 120 amagremu ekhanda ngalinye), kodwa umkhiqizo Iqanda aphansi - mayelana 330 amaqanda ngonyaka. izikhukhukazi White, ngokuvumelana izibuyekezo wenkukhu Abalimi siyakwazi ukuthela kuze kufinyelele amaqanda 350. Breed Line High unamaqanda esikhulu kakhulu nesisindo 80 amagremu.

Kuchinskaya yokugubha usuku

Lolu hlobo yasungulwa esifundeni Moscow Kuchinsky zizalela isitshalo. Ngokusemthethweni ukuqinisekisile yenkukhu ngo-1990.

Ukuze Kuchinskaya inkukhu Ingaphandle libhekene idatha elandelayo:

• ridge encane ishidi;
• ophuzi-obomvu amehlo;
• Uqhwaku ophuzi, eside;
• umzimba eside;
• ezibanzi emuva;
• esifubeni obunzima, walala;
• imilenze ophuzi, eqinile.

izikhukhukazi Iningi laying kukhona umbala legolide, entanyeni kukhona umphetho. lemicu empunga elinamathela othini Podpuh. On umzimba kukhona imidwebo ezinkulu njengoba emideni emaqatjhazi noma arc.

Cocks une-izimpaphe engavamile red mane segolide loin. Chest nomsila kukhona omnyama nge isicwebezelisi ogqamile.

Ngamagama ambalwa lokhu zohlobo zingatshalwa hhayi kuphela e iqanda, kodwa futhi ngoba inyama. Ngo kwabesilisa isisindo kuze kufinyelele khilogremu ezine, futhi izingqimba - ezintathu. Phakathi nonyaka wokuqala inkukhu uyakwazi ukuthwala amaqanda 200. Esikhathini yesibili Godea ukukhiqizwa amaqanda iyakhula.

Izikhukhukazi ziqala ukuzalela amaqanda eneminyaka engu-izinyanga 5. Igobolondo kuyinto brown ukukhanya in umbala, Iqanda isisindo - mayelana 60 amagremu.

Ukulondolozwa ngokwesilinganiso omdala inyoni, mayelana 88%, kanye amaphuphu - mayelana 93%. Naphezu kwalokhu, amaqanda abe iphesenti eliphezulu ngokwanele sokukhulelwa.

Iza Braun

Ngokubukeka Iza Braun - nomele ejwayelekile izinhlobo amaqanda-laying. Izinhla eqashisayo, has a skeleton ukukhanya izimpaphe ansundu. Uneziqu ikhanda elincane, imilenze ophuzi, Pinkish umthunzi bulala.

Bettas abe elikhanyayo, izimpaphe kancane aphuzi, kuyilapho izikhukhukazi ke mnyama. Nokho, amadwala kukhona izinkukhu nge feather ezimhlophe, kodwa ngokuvamile kakhulu ungabona-ke abantu ensundu.

Isisindo esivamile izikhukhukazi imayelana ezimbili amakhilogremu. Uqala amaqanda amasonto 18 ubudala. isikhathi amaqanda-laying ihlala kufika amasonto 90.

rock sici ukuthi kungenziwa igcinwe emakhejini. Lapho okuqukethwe izinkukhu eyisithunjwa akudingeki eningi isikhala sokuhamba.

Uma unquma ukuba lokhu zohlobo, khumbula ukuthi hybrid. Wayehlala njalo ziswela amavithamini namaminerali. Lokhu kungenxa izici zofuzo kwesiphambano.

Tetra

Izinkukhu Tetra zohlobo ezazaziswa kakhulu ukuqala ekuseni zokukhiqiza amaqanda. Bona ukufinyelela izinga lokuzala kudala njengoba izinyanga 4. izikhukhukazi amaqanda Okokuqala akuzona ezinkulu, enesisindo mayelana 45 amagremu. Kancane kancane, abo inyuka isisindo futhi ifinyelela ayisithupha amagremu.

Inkukhu uyakwazi siyabekezela amaqanda ezingamakhulu amathathu ngonyaka. Umbala igobolondo ensundu. Ngo tetras, efana izikhukhukazi kakhulu, kungekho isazela ungajabule. Ngakho-ke, ukuze bathole siyinzalo kudinga incubator.

Izikhukhukazi maningi esiqondisweni myasoyaichnomu. Isisindo Ukubeka izikhukhukazi - mayelana amathathu amakhilogramu, amaqhude lokucabangela iphawundi ngaphezulu.

Izinhla Tetra ingaba mhlophe, ensundu, igolide. umbala Roosters umbala ngokucace nakakhulu kunobukhulu izikhukhukazi.

Lapho ekhetha izinhlobo amaqanda-laying kufanele bacabangele ukukhiqizwa hhayi kuphela isilinganiso amaqanda, kodwa futhi izimo izikhukhukazi. Ezinye izinhlobo zawo ingagcinwa yezinyoni, bese kuba khona labo abadinga ukunikeza vygulniki ngokwanele ezinkulu.