I ukuziqalela Uvula ashisayo: kungenzeka izinkinga nezisombululo zazo. ukuhlola imoto Gross

Inqubo egijima injini imoto ngokusebenzisa ukuziqalela futhi izinkinga ezihlukahlukene uqalisa - lokhu ingenye izihloko ethandwa kakhulu ukuxoxa abashayeli at izinkundla ezikhethekile. Izinkinga kanye nezinkinga ezihlobene egijima motor, ke ziyacasula (ikakhulukazi uma imoto kwakudingeka "njengamanje"). Kodwa ngisho ecasulayo ngaphezulu lapho injini ngokoqobo nje wasebenza emihle, kodwa ngemva kwemizuzu embalwa, kube nzima ngisho hot. Isimo lapho ukuziqalela Uvula ashisayo, ijwayelekile zonke umnikazi imoto. Ake sibheke ukuthi izici eziholela kulokhu kuziphatha futhi indlela yokulungisa lezi zinkinga.

Into yokuqala ukuthi efika engqondweni yakho uma ubhekene nesimo esinjena - ke kukhishelwa noma ibhethri okuyiphutha. Kodwa ezimweni eziningi ibhetri yayinjalo ngokugcwele, futhi inkinga kumele wafuna kwenye indawo. izinkinga ngokuvamile uhlanganiswa self ukuziqalela, noma izinkinga zikagesi uchungechunge ukufakwa yayo.

Starter: idivayisi iphinde umsebenzi

Ngaphambi sikhuluma ngezimbangela zokuziphendukela ezibangela ukubhalelwa kuziphendulela ngefanelo, kanye mayelana nendlela ukuxilonga kanye nokulungiswa, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi ukuziqalela futhi yini imisebenzi ke wenza. Akubona bonke abanikazi imoto yesimanje bazi futhi baqonde injongo futhi idivayisi ukuziqalela. Ngakho, ukuziqalela ngokuthi idivayisi oguqula ugesi kusukela yebhethri uyigaxe amandla mechanical, ngaphandle okuyinto akunakwenzeka ukuba sifeze injini kusuka ekuqaleni. Elementi kuyinto kagesi dc motor ne drive okhethekile lokukhanda.

Ngaphandle kagesi motor ukuziqalela edluliselwe siqukethe retractor futhi Bendix. I edluliselwe yakhiwa ohlobo ezimbili:

• retractor;
• nokugcinwa.

Ukuhoxisa core, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa amandla anele. Khona-ke ohlobo ezimbili ezingenza umsebenzi ofanayo.

Bendix

It is kwadingeka kwezinhlelo ukumbambisana ligcina uthi lokuphotha luzungeza. Bendix igiya kanye ligcina uthi lokuphotha luzungeza ayikwazi ekubambisaneni unomphela, ngoba umfutho we crankshaft injini kakhulu ngaphezu kwalabo uyakwazi zomshini. Uma Bendix igiya siyohlale uphendukisa ngesivinini, ukuziqalela behluleka ngokushesha.

Bendix design kungenziwa zihlukaniswe amaqembu amathathu:

• A roller uhlobo - kuyinto uhlelo okwenzeka kaningi kunabo. Umgomo we operation zalesi simiso sisekelwe phezu Jamming igiya isihlobo ukuba umnikazi walo ngesikhathi ukujikeleza ohlangothini olulodwa zibe ukugijima khulula, lapho kuphenduka kuyinto kolunye uhlangothi.

• Iqembu lesibili - a ratchet. Lolu hlelo lusebenza nge indlela ratchet. Ngokuvamile, lezi Bendix zingatholakala kumadivayisi kusuka Delco Remy USA. Lo mklamo ulungisiswa, njengoba lezi temusho nomthamo omkhulu.
• Iqembu lesithathu of imishini - drive, lapho ukuzibandakanya Kwenziwa amapuleti iphakethe ukuhilizisana. Lolu hlelo kabanzi temusho "Bosch" uchungechunge 0001410 nabanye senzelwe amaloli.

imiklamo ezahlukene

Yokuqala zingafani Indlela yokudlulisa torque engu kusukela kushaft motor Bendix. Lapha ungakhetha zakudala iqonde-ngokusebenzisa ukuziqalela, isithombe okuyinto okusesihlokweni esithi. Lapha Bendix itholakala ngqo kwi kushaft armature. Kukhona futhi temusho bazilungiselela. I engavamile yokuthi phakathi Bendix kanye motor kuyinto igiya. Lezi amadivayisi ramjet kangcono ukuthi ngesikhathi isisindo esifanayo kanye nosayizi, bayakwazi ukuthuthukisa torque engu ngaphezulu. Ngokuvamile ungathola onobuhle gearboxes kwamaplanethi. Lokhu kunika amandla abakhiqizi hhayi ukwandisa izilinganiso jikelele. igiya yemihlaba e ukuziqalela ephansi amandla inezingxenye plastic. Lokhu kancane kunciphisa nsiza. Nokho, ukwakhiwa kanye gearboxes kwamaplanethi akubizi.

Kanjani ukuziqalela?

Lapho umnikazi wemoto uphendulela osemqoka ukuthungela, noma echofoza inkinobho, inikwa amandla yi-ibhethri uqala ukugeleza kuya edluliselwe retractor. Okulandelayo uvala retracts futhi uphethe ikhoyili we edluliselwe, okuyinto ngokusebenzisa isigwedlo ekhethekile odlulela Bendix. Khona-ke lona wamuva obandakanya ne ligcina uthi lokuphotha luzungeza phezu crankshaft shaft injini.

Lapho Bendix isiphelile, umongo izovala retractor emazombezombe. oxhumana avaliwe motor, futhi uqala ukushintshanisa. Ngokusebenzisa ukujikeleza drive igiya ngeke adluliselwe Bendix, abayoba spin iyunithi amandla ligcina uthi lokuphotha luzungeza.

Ziyini izimbangela eziyinhloko zalokhu of eziyimbangela yezinkinga ezizuzwa ukuziqalela

Ngakho, ngakho umshayeli wayegibela beshayela emva emfushane yokupaka, waphenduka ukhiye, kodwa ukuziqalela Uvula ashisayo. Manje njengoba siyazi ukuthi kungani sidinga ukuziqalela futhi isebenza kanjani, ukuze kamuva sikhulume ngezimbangela zokuziphendukela eziyimbangela yezinkinga ezizuzwa.

ibhethri

Into yokuqala ukuthi ubheke ibhethri. Isikhathi esining impela isizathu aqukethe e ibhethri lingashajwa noma lutho. Kaningi kuyenzeka ukuthi umnikazi imoto, kusale kancane kusuka emotweni, ukukhohlwa ukuvala okuthile. Kungaba izibani, navigation multimedia, kanye nezinye zikagesi. Kulokhu ibhethri siphela ngokushesha (ikakhulukazi uma akusiyo elisha). Futhi, kanye ibhethri kutuswa ukuba uhlole isimo ezikhumulweni.

Oku-ukuthungela, ibhulashi, ezihlabayo

Esinye isizathu - i-ukuthungela. It iyenziwa kanje: ukuthungela ikhoyili ka silingo wire, bese uzama ukuqala efudumele injini ngaphandle ube yinhlansi. Uma crankshaft uzungeza kalula, khona-ke kuyadingeka ukuba ulungise ukusebenza ohlelweni ukuthungela. Uma ukuziqalela Uvula ashisayo, kungaba emabhulashini bakhathale kakhulu noma imikhono. Ngaphakathi ukuziqalela iqukethe izingxenye mechanical - amabombo. Kepha emabhulashini, lapho bafake ngokweqile abakwazi ukuya ngalendoda. Lapho igugile eziveza ezihlabayo, motor armature ngesikhathi Ukushisa ngokuphathelene stator. Imiphumela iba yinhlanganisela yokukhandleka wesifunda kunciphisa ukuziqalela isivinini imoto.

Kulokhu, ochwepheshe batusa multimeter ukuhlola ihange interturn izifunda okufutshane. Kuyini ngaphakathi ukuziqalela? Izithombe amadivayisi angaphakathi, ubheke kulesi sihloko. Lokhu kuzokwenza kube wusizo imfundamakhwela abanikazi imoto. Kungenzeka futhi ukuthi ngokungalungile abakhethiwe emikhonweni enqubeni ukulungiswa. Ngesikhathi Ukushisa kungenzeka lingafaneleki emikhonweni nhlonhlo.

Ignition Ilokhi retractor edluliselwe

Ngokuvamile kuvela izinkinga ezinjalo phakathi ne ukuziqalela kungadalwa eziyimbangela yezinkinga ezizuzwa ku ukuthungela. Kulokhu, hlola iqembu contact enqabeni. Futhi, abanikazi imoto kwesinye isikhathi ukwengeza inkinobho eyodwa ngaphezulu zokunciphisa ukulahleka enqabeni futhi uchungechunge yayo. Uma kushisa akusho ukusonta ukuziqalela Vaz, kungenzeka ukuba usola edluliselwe retractor. Ingxenye electronic izimoto zanamuhla kungaba isabela lokushisa (futhi ngokuvamile kakhulu phezulu). Ungahlola lokhu nje: uma uvula isihluthulelo lock ngeke ukuchofoza ezwakalayo. It ukuxazululwa isimo ngokushesha - nje esikhundleni edluliselwe. Futhi, ningadakwa kahle ukuze uthole ukuthi iqondeni ubuqotho izintambo terminals retractor edluliselwe. Ngisho hlola wire lebhokisi edluliselwe kanye ukuziqalela.

Ekugcineni, kungase inkinga ezihlobene injini uqobo. Ukutshala crankshaft kungenzeka elukhuni kakhulu. Khona-ke, oluthi kungaba jam kusukela pistons. Lena izizathu kubuhlungu ngempela. Kodwa ukuze abone isidingo sabo ephelele ukuhlola imoto.

Crankshaft inzwa

Lena enye imbangela olungavamile. Blame ukuziqalela futhi. Ngo kokuhlinzwa, kagesi ukuphazamiseka isici kuphakama lapho isinyathelo inzwa crankshaft isikhundla. Ngenxa yalokho, inikeza ukufundwa yokuphambuka ku ECU injini. Ngenxa yalokhu, i-computer ayikwazi alawule ukugeleza kukawoyela kanye ingxube yawo. Ngenxa yalokho, motor akafuni ukuqala.

I ukuziqalela phendula, kodwa kancane noma okungakhulunywa nhlobo ngabo ematfuba

Ukuze ukuziqalela exhunywe izintambo ezimbili. Omunye wabo uyagijima kusukela ukuthungela, kanye nezinye - kusukela ibhethri. Ngo ukusebenza izimoto, laba oxhumana nabo kungaba oxidized. Lapho izinga lokushisa likhuphuka, oxhumana nabo kanye ezikhumulweni kuhluke. Egcekeni kwaphumela okuphukile iphele. Lesi ngesinye futhi isizathu ethandwa kungani ukusonta injini ukuziqalela liyashisa.

Ukuxazulula lenkinga, kwanele ukuhlanza idatha futhi ukuhlanza izintambo futhi nabo kusuka oxides. Ngakho, nge amabhethri kanye namanye amadivayisi asuswe ezikhumulweni. Zonke evele okuyinto uchuvstvuyut a ukudluliswa zamanje sanded nge lokukhuhla. Bolts, amantongomane nezinye oxhumana nabo okwengeziwe ziphathwe i utshwala. Ngemva kwalezi izinqubo, ochwepheshe batusa ukuba agqoke amafutha esigungwini. Ngokuvamile, ukuziqalela Uvula ashisayo ngokunembile ngenxa yokuthi bababona abampofu. Ungaya ngokusebenzisa kwesigamu emotweni, kodwa ezimweni eziningi kwanele ukuhlanza oxhumana.

Ukuxilonga kanye nokulungiswa ukuziqalela

Le divayisi kuyinto motor kagesi. ukusetshenziswa sayo samanje likhulu kakhulu, kodwa wakhonza imizuzwana embalwa, ngakho ibhethri akanayo isikhathi ukuze siyifeze. Uma kushisa ukuziqalela motor ehluleka ukusebenza, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo ukuhlola imoto egcwele wabonisa ukuthi zonke izingxenye ziyiqiniso, lokhu kusikisela isidingo ahlukanisa kanye nokuhlola ukuziqalela. Idivayisi ngokuvamile owawuba ezansi amandla iyunithi. Ukuqaqa isidingo carob futhi indandatho izipanela, futhi eside isokhethi ukusonta. Lapho engeyokuqala isuswe, kubalulekile ukuqaqa ke. Ngemva kokuqeda isidingo ahlole ngokucophelela isimo jikelele othintana nabo iqoqo main. It is ibuye Kunconywa ukuthi ukunakekelwa okukhethekile kukhokhelwe Bendix. Ngezinye izikhathi isimo, lapho ukuziqalela iphendula, kodwa ingayiqondi, lihlotshaniswa ke. Ngezinye Bendix hlola isimo slot. Ngokukhethekile ikhokhelwa kuze ihange - lapha burns ngalendoda. Zingase kabi ezigugile ibhulashi. UNkulunkulu wayengajabule ngalendoda ungaba iminonjana ohangulayo, amapuleti kumele kube okwesibhakabhaka. Hlola isimo Windings futhi ukwahlukanisa yabo.

ukuhlola imoto

Abaningi awela isimo lapho i-starter akusho ukusonta, ungaqali. Okufanele ukwenze kuleli cala? Bamba imoto ukuhlola. Okokuqala hlola inhlansi. Bona ukhiqize inhlansi, lapho ingxube fuel ephakamayo Emakamelweni angaphakathi amakhosi amandla omlilo. Amakhandlela kufanele ibe sesimweni esihle, akudingeki idiphozi. Isimanga siwukuthi kodwa kungathinta indlela isitshalo auto. Umniningwane obalulekile - a izihlungi nophethiloli. Bona ukuhlunga doti, nokugqwala, ukungcola nothuli - konke kukhona uphethiloli yethu Russian. Futhi ebhuqwini kule uphethiloli ngeke ukuvikela ngisho ukugqoka ku gas esiteshini efakazelwe. Ngempela, imali kungenzeka ethangini. Ngakho-ke kuyadingeka kanye njalo eminyakeni emi-5 ukwenza ngamanzi ephelele uphethiloli nokususwa. Uma ukungcola uthola ohlelweni ugesi, lokhu kungase kube isizathu sokuthi kungani ukuziqalela iphendula, kodwa ingayiqondi. Asikho isidingo ukubhala off izihlungi kusukela kuma-akhawunti uphethwe (futhi eqinisweni ngokuvamile benza kanjalo ngoba ukhohlwe ngazo). Enye incenye lebalulekile - the mpintsha. Lokho umshini kuhlale futhi ngaphansi kwazo zonke izimo ifektri, kutuswa ukuba ugcine valve ahlanzekile.

isiphetho

Kunezizathu eziningi ezingabanga lokhu umonakalo. Kodwa ungalilahli ithemba. Zonke lezi zinkinga kungaxazululwa. Nge bakwazi ukubhekana abashayeli ngisho lutho. Uma ukuziqalela sivuleka amakhaza kanye hot - akukho, kuba isikhathi sokuthi wazi imoto yakho bese ubamba uphethwe wakhe.