Elements Filimonovsky imidwebo. Ubuchwepheshe Umdwebo filimonovo ithoyizi

Filimonovo ithoyizi - uhlobo yobuciko neyezandla kazwelonke, okuyinto ocebile kakhulu ezweni lethu. Lihlala Tula esifundeni, Odoevsky esifundeni. Filimonovo emaphandleni, lapho phakathi nekhulu leminyaka eledlule, izisebenzi ezimbalwa onekhono bavuselela isiko yacishe elahlekile izikebhe, wamnika igama lakhe. Kukhona nganekwane ababaleki uFilemoni, ngubani ayecashe kulezi zindawo. Nguye kusolakala wafundisa izakhamuzi ukuba sculpt izibalo ngebumba.

Ukuvela yokudoba

Clay amathoyizi kulezi zingxenye waqala ukwenza phakathi kwekhulu XIX. Kodwa inkazimulo ikhono ababumbi bendawo basakaza kusekude ukufika lapho. Ekhulwini XVI, ngobumba olumhlophe, ekhishwe lapha yasetshenziselwa womshini zobumba. Ukudoba avikelekile, kwakukhona lonke uhlanga lwamakhosi, onguchwepheshe zobumba. Kancane kancane kwakhiwa i umthetho engabhaliwe: izitsha ezenziwe ngokukhethekile amadoda. Futhi laba besifazane bathathe amathoyizi sculpting futhi waqala Filimonovsky imidwebo.

A mkhakha okhethekile ithoyizi filimonovo

Imikhiqizo Odoevsky amakhosi abadumile kulo lonke izwe obucayi, amafomu yayo ngaphandle kwenkinga. Kodwa bambalwa abantu bazi ukuthi ukubukeka kwabo akuyona ngephutha. Iqiniso lokuthi ubumba bendawo has a ukuthungwa okunamafutha kakhulu kanye soft. Phakathi sesomile iqala QHAHAZA deform, ngakho master kuyadingeka ukuze bushelelezi futhi cabaza izibalo ngezandla ezimanzi. Kule ithoyizi babe ongalingani, ukuma side, okubenza babe engavamile futhi liyabonakala.

Filimonovo ithoyizi. Izithombe, izindaba kanye Umdwebo

Evamile filimonovo ithoyizi zingahlukaniswa ngamaqembu ezine thematic. izici kwazo ziboniswe ethebuleni elingezansi.

Cishe bonke filimonovo ithoyizi amakhwela. Okukhishiwe amaqhude kanye turkeys.

amathoyizi Painted futhi Filimonovskaya Iphalethi

Phakathi kokudubula, ubumba lendawo "blue" futhi inika bushelelezi umbala enhle emhlophe, ngakho izibalo prime phambi emaphethini ayidingekile.

Ukuze imidwebo esetshenziswa aniline udayi, okuyizinto ezinemibala egqamile te. Inombolo shades ezincane: ophuzi, obomvu, oluhlaza. Nokho, umkhiqizo etholakala colorful kakhulu futhi kumnandi.

Ubuchwepheshe Umdwebo filimonovo ithoyizi ulula. Paints zisetshenziswa njalo futhi ungalokothi uhlanganise. umbala ngasinye esisha isetshenziswa kuphela emva iphele kulowo odlule.

amaphetheni bendabuko

Ukuze ezahlukene izinhlobo amathoyizi usebenzisa izakhi ezahlukene imidwebo Filimonovsky. Izilwane nezinyoni kwebele ngokuvamile okukhulunywa ngaso umbala owodwa, ngokuvamile oluhlaza noma njengegazi. It is zizosetshenziswa phezu nentaba iphethini elula ehlanganisa ezinemibala bands, amaconsi, amahlumela. Inhloko kungabuye embozwe umbala owodwa noma ahlale emhlophe. Amehlo zivezwe schematically, futhi kungenzeka ukuthi ingabi ngokuphelele.

Izinombolo zabantu abagqoke enhle kakhulu: ngiyanibingelela nonkhe - endaweni iziketi elikhanyayo aluhlaza, namanenekazi - e ibhulukwe ezimibalabala. Shirts kulezo nezinye ngokuvamile-onjengomlilo, umhlobiso azungezwe, esibonisa ezifekethisiwe ezinjengenyanga kanye amabhande ububanzi. Ubuso babo ezimhlophe, amehlo akhe evezwe nge blue upende izindebe - abomvu noma njengegazi.

Kufanekisa Filimonovsky amaphethini

I engavamile Filimonovsky amathoyizi, njenganoma iyiphi enye ukudoba isiRashiya kufanekisa yayo. Imihlobiso ubukeke elula unsophisticated. Nokho, amaphethini asetshenziswe Filimonovsky imidwebo, ukubandakanya engcwele lwamaSlav izithombe ilanga esihlahleni.

Imibuthano ne imbuthuma imishayo bacondze etindzaweni letehlukene, kanye indandatho emaphethini onxantathu ezinemibala zimelela ilanga, ukuphila futhi ubuhle.

Amahlumela schematically ukuboniswa Christmas izihlahla ukumela emthini wokuphila, ngokuqhubeka izizukulwane, ukukhula kungaqedwa.

Ngokujulile izibalo ongokomfanekiso ngokwabo. Ngakho, le ntokazi elihlobene ne BEREGINYA, umnakekeli ekhaya futhi eziko, umgibeli ubonisa iqhawe-wasemuva noma kormitelya umndeni - umlimi, yenkukhu - uphawu injabulo, ihhashi - ingcebo nokunye ..

Umlando yentuthuko ukuhweba

Ekhulwini XIX - yisikhathi ithandwa enkulu zokudlala-bashaya amakhwela futhi Filimonovsky imidwebo. Le mboni wayaziwa kulo eRussia nakwamanye amazwe. Kodwa ekuqaleni kwekhulu XX, isikhathi esibucayi. Craft kwaba cishe on the esengozini yokuqothulwa, kwakunabamemezeli abambalwa kuphela abangabodwa abagcini kwesokunxele abangazange inikezwe umsebenzi wabo.

Phakathi nekhulu leminyaka eledlule, isithakazelo ubuciko Filimonovsky imidwebo kancane kancane zaqala ukubuya, kokuba lafinyelela inani elisha in the 80s. Ngalesi sikhathi, imizamo embalwa abathanda iqembu zokudala yasungulwa, eyakhiwa inzalo ka abagcini yezandla kanye abaphothule art esikoleni we Abramtsevo.

Kusukela ekuqaleni kwawo-90-yalolucwaningo yebo "filimonovo ithoyizi" lavulwa ngo Odoevskogo School of Art. Modeling su, izimfihlo imidwebo, kufanekisa Filimonovsky amaphethini - lezi zinto nezinye izihloko ehlanganiswa izifundo zayo indoda nomfazi Kehaidi. Ukuqeqeshwa ihlala iminyaka 4. Iziqu ukuthola isihloko master.

Ngo-2009, kuvulwa Museum of ithoyizi filimonovo, okuyinto igcina izinto mayelana craftswomen zokugcina, ezinye izibonelo umsebenzi wabo, kanye ezinhle kunazo ukudoba Filimonovsky.

Ucwaningo we mboni izifundo Ubuciko

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi amakilasi Filimonovsky imidwebo aphethwe ezikoleni eziningi Russian. Phela, ukudoba akuyona kuphela wendawo, kodwa futhi ukubaluleka kazwelonke, obonisa ukujula nokwehluka isiko Russian.

Elements yokudweba izingane zifunde kalula futhi ngesithakazelo esikhulu. It has no amaphethini, amasu eziyinkimbinkimbi. Nge iqoqo ubuncane amakhono kanye umcabango yokudala, ungakha izithombe ezicacile ngokungavamile iyezwakala.

Into esemqoka lapha kutsi thishela kufanele uchaze - yilokhu ukupenda kwenziwa ngezigaba eziningana:

1. sibalo Okokuqala "yellow". Upende sisetshenziswa kwi background elimhlophe ibhulashi obukhulu. Izingxenye ngazinye amathoyizi kungaba upende ophuzi ngokuphelele, futhi kungenziwa embozwe imivimbo ezibanzi imibuthano emikhulu. Lona isisekelo zonke umdwebo okwalandela.
2. Khona-ke kufanele silalele upende obomvu noma njengegazi kanye ibhulashi ohlabayo. Sebentisa iphethini lemigqa. imivimbo Wide ophuzi kungenziwa usike emhlabeni azungezwe nemibuthano ukuhlobisa amagatsha noma imisebe.
3. umbala oluhlaza, blue noma oluluhlaza sisetshenziswa baphendukela zokugcina. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa ibhulashi mncane. Ukukwenza umkhuba imigqa, amachashazi, amathonsi kufanele bagcwalise asele isikhala.
4. Kuwufanele sokunaka abantwana ukuthi abantu bakwenze asemhlophe, kanye nezilwane kungenziwa zaveza yimuphi umbala. Amehlo nomlomo ivezwa schematically.

Le nhlanzi kuyingxenye emagugu emasiko wezwe lakithi. Kanye Dymkovo, Kargopol, Bogorodsk, filimonovo ithoyizi babonisa umoya abantu isiRashiya, ikakhulukazi ukuphila nezinkolelo lwamaSlav. Hhayi izivakashi ngephutha angaphandle kutsenga njengezinto eziyisikhumbuzo kubo.