Anatomy yowesifazane. Anatomy Human (Biology, Ibanga 8)

kanjani izitho emzimbeni, ukuthi kusebenza kanjani kanye uhlaka lwesakhiwo kumelwe ukuba wazi yonke ngabanye abafundile. Yingakho kuhlolwa ukwakheka komzimba womuntu wesintu ebhentshini esikoleni.

Phela, izimiso eziyisisekelo nesimo sendawo (isb indawo izitho zangaphakathi) abaluleke kakhulu. Ngisho ukuthi uqonde izimbangela zokugula kabi umzimba ukuqaqamba, kubalulekile ukwazi.

komzimba womuntu esikoleni

Umqondo sokuqala nesimo sendawo kwezitho izinhlelo zabo ngaso esigabeni sokuqala imfundo, ebangeni lesi-4 (amakilasi "izwe ngaphandle"). Nokho, ukwaziswa okuningiliziwe ngaphezulu nangokuhlola ngokujulile ukwakheka komzimba womuntu ushukumiseleka ukuba kweminyaka bayazi - grade 8.

Ngaphambi lezi guys kakade bahlola isakhiwo zezitshalo nezilwane, ngakho isifundo anatomy kuyoba lula ukufunda, yize eziyinkimbinkimbi, impahla enezici isakhiwo womuntu.

Lokhu isiyalo sihlanganisa imiqondo eminingi terminological ukuthi kuyodingeka ukuba amuncwa izingane ngokugcwele unyaka. Futhi, endabeni enifunda ngayo kule isayensi akunakwenzeka ngaphandle izinsiza-kufundisa ezanele, ikakhulukazi ukuzwakala.

Kufanele ube etafuleni samanje, slide izethulo noma imidwebo interactive nemidwebo (futhi kangcono - konke ndawonye eziyinkimbinkimbi). Anatomy Isifundo akunakwenzeka ngaphandle-ke, njengoba kungaqondakala kuphela ngokubheka ngokucacile. ukunakwa okuningi ikhokhelwa thematic ukuhlela isiyalo isakhiwo, ukusebenza nokwengamela ukubaluleka izinhlelo ngokobulili futhi excretory. Ngokwesibonelo, ngasekupheleni konyaka lapho izingane ziba ukhulile futhi can ngokwanele azibonayo impahla uhlamvu okuhambisanayo iqala ukufunda anatomy, abesifazane namadoda. Ngokukhethekile ikhokhelwa ukuze nensikazi, njengalokho ukuthi yizinto ezihlobene obalulekile izinqubo - nenkathi yokukhulelwa nokubeletha, i-embryogenesis umbungu.

Ikakhulukazi ekutadisheni anatomy zesifazane

Kuwo wonke unyaka ka zezemfundo wafunda komzimba womuntu. Abesifazane ahlelwe ngendlela efanayo njengoba amadoda, ngakho lapho sicabangela kwegazi, zokuphefumula, excretory futhi ethukile izinhlelo, GNI, analyzers Awekho umehluko ngobulili kungukuthi enikeziwe. Nokho, lapho kuziwa Ukwakheka kohlelo genitourinary, zingabantu sobala.

Zikhona amaphuzu amaningana eyinhloko, okubandakanya isigaba anatomy:

1. Ucwaningo we Ukwakheka nemisebenzi nezindlala mammary.
2. Ukucutshungulwa ukhalo amathambo aqatha izici.
3. Ukuvulwa etindlela yesenzo kanye nesakhiwo insikazi uhlelo zokuzala ohlanganisa zangaphakathi nezangaphandle ubulili izitho.
4. Ucwaningo izinqubo Zijika umzimba female kanye nendima yabo.
5. Kokukhulelwa, i-embryo ukubunjwa nokuthuthukiswa kwezinhlangano fetus phakathi naso sonke isikhathi sokukhulelwa.
6. Zokubeletha futhi ontogeny izithelo.

Anatomy of wesifazane - impikiswano ebalulekile futhi eziyinkimbinkimbi, ngempela obuseduze. Kodwa ngaso sonke isikhathi kudala intshisekelo omkhulu ngo intsha. Yingakho kubalulekile ukwazi ukugcina nokuthuthukisa ke isethulo kwesokudla, enhle futhi icacile.

nezindlala mammary

Pair kumiswa emzimbeni owesifazane, nge-yangaphandle futhi kulengxenye engaphakathi. Esokuqala umzimba lesikhumba ezakheke ehlukahlukene (round, eliphakathi kwe emise, side nokunye). Isisindo kanye ivolumu zingase zesifazane ezahlukene. On the abukhali ingxenye medial we webele uwuhlobo ingono - isakhiwo ekhethekile, lapho umkhiqizo kukhishelwa ngaphandle nezindlala ubisi - ubisi. Duzane it is ozungeza ingxenye ukubopha - areola, noma areola. Le ndawo has a lowehlukile, okuyinto incike uhlanga abesifazane kungakhathaliseki ebeletha. Areola camera imibimbi emihle ngaphakathi siqukethe imisipha bushelelezi futhi transverse, sebaceous nomjuluko nezindlala. Ngokusebenzisa izingono zakhe sihamba inqwaba nezindlala mammary, Amapayipi yabo ukuvula ngaphandle.

Ingxenye engaphakathi abesifazane webele emelelwa amayunithi elandelayo kwesakhiwo:

• izicubu Adipose. Cishe 2/3 of the isisindo webele ziwele phezu kwayo.
• Yabelana, ehlanganisa lobules ezincane. Izakhiwo ukuthi ugcwalise ingxenye enkulu isikhala yangaphakathi kwesifuba. Sekukonke kukhona izingcezu-20, bonke egxilile ezivamile kuhlangana adipose izicubu. Ngaphakathi siqukethe alveoli eziningi, imithambo yegazi, Bubbles ezikhiqiza ubisi. Kwahlelwa radially azungeze ingono ngamunye.
• Lymph kakhulu futhi imithambo yegazi ukunikeza supply imikhiqizo yayo webele, bonisani amandla nezindlala mammary.
• Wamabele kwemisipha - isakhiwo, okuyinto inamathela uqobo esifubeni phakathi nomzimba.

Physiology kanye anatomy kwebele yenzelwa ikakhulu ngesikhathi esisodwa umsebenzi - zokukhiqiza excretion ubisi ku Amapayipi ekhethekile ngokusebenzisa ingono phandle. Kokunye embeleni-9 kungenzeka apertures okuyothi kweminyango uketshezi.

Ukuma mammary nezindlala: esisogwini anterior esifubeni udonga phakathi kuka-3 no-7, emphethweni, ziyalingana komunye nomunye futhi isihlobo ukuba ithambo emaphakathi. Phakathi kwamabele akhe babe itheku, uhlukanisa kubo.

nokwakheka kwezitho zangasese yowesifazane

Umehluko omkhulu besilisa anatomy zesifazane, yebo, hhayi kuphela e-ukungabi khona noma khona nezindlala mammary. Eqinisweni, indima ebalulekile udlalwa by isakhiwo ukhalo kanye nezikhungo zayo. Nabo futhi sihlolisise.

zesifazane nokwakheka kwezitho zangasese imelelwa 4 ithambo izakhiwo eziyinhloko:

• ezimbili amathambo okhalo ;
• sacral;
• coccyx.

Ndawonye, basuke spliced nemisipha futhi ifeza indima ebaluleke kakhulu ohlelweni lokuzalwa. Ngokuvamile, ivelele elincane nje kuphela kodwa futhi isitsha esikhulu. Itholakala ngenhla nje kuqala. Okushintshwe ifakwe ukuze ukhalo besifazane kuyinto ebanzi ngoba amadoda, kodwa siqukethe ukukhanya namathambo mncane.

Ephansi okuyingxenye has ukwakheka ezintathu eziyisisekelo:

• okokufaka;
• ingaphakathi;
• okukhiphayo.

Ngemvume Fusion kwakhiwa iliac-sacral okhalo, ithambo pubic, kukhona osayizi ezintathu ezahlukene. ingaphakathi okhalo ezakhiwe ingxenye ebanzi futhi ayibanzi. Yilapho-ke kukhona izitho main: elingaphakathi ngokocansi, kwesinye futhi ingemuva.

Ukuhoxa imisipha okhalo uvala kumiswa ekhethekile - le floor kwezitho zangasese. Lesi sakhiwo iqukethe imisipha ezibaluleke kakhulu futhi okusebenza ezibalulekile, ngenxa yomsebenzi lapho izitho okhalo yangaphakathi aphethwe ngaphakathi, kungukuthi ukuwa. Futhi bona ibalulekile baphokophelele umbungu ngesikhathi sokubeletha.

wahlela kanje ukhalo, okuyinto isakhiwo eyinhloko okuyinto ehlukile anatomy zesifazane. Izithombe izitho zakhe zangaphakathi kungabonwa ngezansi.

Uhlelo okuzala ka umzimba female

Lezi zihlanganisa ezinye zezitho main kwesakhiwo:

1. izitho zangasese bangaphandle (endaweni pubic, labia ezinkulu kanye nezincane, clitoris, egumeni, hymen).
2. Okungaphakathi (sangasese, kwesibeletho, amashubhu fallopian, amaqanda).
3. Nemisipha.

Zokuzala lesi simiso okuthiwa ngoba ngqo abahilelekile sokukhulelwa, ukukhulelwa kanye kwengane esiswini kanye nokuzalwa. Ake sicabangele ingxenye ngayinye ngokuningiliziwe, okwembula injongo yawo nokuthi isakhiwo.

izitho zangasese sangaphandle

anatomy Female kuhilela lokuqala kokuba umehluko ocacile wangaphandle ubulili. Kulaba Izitho zangasese zangaphandle, le nkulumo ihlanganisa kwezifuba, futhi izingxenye kwezitho okhalo - izakhiwo ezilandelayo:

1. Pubis. Ingabe ukwakheka elingunxantathu, embozwe izinwele (e yobudala ovuthiwe ngokobulili), ogxile isakhiwo ithambo. It has inqolobane enamandla fat ukushisa kanye thermoregulation futhi yokuvikela ekulimaleni lokukhanda. Umsebenzi: ikhava ivikela ezijulile amanga nezinhlangano zangaphandle.
2. Labia. Skin folds ngokwemvelo ehlanganisa amafutha ongama. Front kanye spikes ezingemuva spliced. Phakathi kwabo kukhona kumiswa umqhewu-like ngokuthi igebe ocansini. Ngo isakhiwo efanayo Bartholin indlala ukuthi secrete ethile ane-alikhali uketshezi e sangasese. Ngaphandle umzimba embozwe izinwele.
3. Labia. Kutholwe ngaphakathi esikhulu ngokuvamile e ukuxhumana nomunye, okwenza umqhewu ngokobulili ivaliwe. Umsebenzi, njengoba kwabanjalo langaphambilini, zokuzivikela.
4. Clit. umzimba ezincane eyindilinga ehlanganisa plexus izinzwa igazi liphuma kuma-capillary kanye capillary. ebucayi kakhulu, itholakala phambi labia ezinkulu nezincane.
5. Umpheme. Isakhiwo, obulandela yokungena ngqo sangasese. Lokhu kuvula iziteshi bartolinievyh nezindlala, uya urethral tube.
6. Hymen - ifilimu elincanyana evikela umnyango sangasese. Kuyinto iyingxenye ezicutshini. Kuyinto lesi sakhiwo esihlinzeka kokubili i-anatomy zesifazane engazinzile. Izibilini Ingaphandle abahlukene ngosizo nje phambi bezoziphatha lokuqala ngokobulili, emva ku-site hymen ahlale gimenalnye papillae.

Lena zonke izitho ukuthi kukhona zangaphandle ohlelweni okuzala ka umzimba female.

ubulili izitho zangaphakathi

Lezi zihlanganisa kancane, kodwa ukubaluleka kwabo ayikwazi babenesibindi esikhulu. Kuyinto lezi zakhiwo asetshenziselwa ukwakheka kanye sokukhulelwa, ukwakheka gametes besifazane futhi ukususwa kwengane phandle.

1. Kwesibeletho. Lokhu umzimba kubhekwe eceleni.
2. Esithweni sowesifazane. Le ngxenye ingenye ezinkulu, emele anatomy zesifazane. isitho kwemisipha nokuba side ukuma cylindrical (tube) ubude 10 cm. Izindonga uphahlwe multilayer epithelium flat, lapho imithambo yegazi nemithambo ye-lymph fed isikhwehlela e sangasese. Ngenxa yalesi umzimba uhlala olumanzi njalo. Futhi lapha kukhona microflora siqu, ehlanganisa induku emise bacterium, amaseli ne isikhwehlela. Ngokuvamile, it is avuselelwe, futhi lokhu okudala isuswe ngendlela KULETHA. Ziyakwazi imvelo esidi, emhlophe Milky, umbala ayevumela futhi isici iphunga. Kusukela sowesifazane sangasese odongeni ngezicubu zomzimba, uyakwazi ukunwebeka nokuncipha, okuyilona elidingekayo lapho inqubo ejwayelekile. kwakheka amaqoqo ezine umzimba engxenyeni engenhla tube. Ngaphambili ingxenye yomzimba eseduze kwesinye, nengxenye yalo engemuva - kuya ingemuva.
3. Amaqanda. isitho Kubhangqiwe, okuyinto nezindlala endocrine. Kutholwe nhlangothi zombili kwesibeletho. Siqukethe medulla, ezicutshini eligcwele igazi lymph. Izindonga ujenga ungqimba cortical, le albuginea Tunica kanye epithelium yangaphandle. Ngaphakathi ezikhiqiza amaqanda kwenzeka kumiswa yenyanga amaqanda abavuthiwe. Baphinde babe hormone athile obhekene ukuthuthukiswa izici ngokobulili yesibili azalela. Phakathi nenkathi yokukhulelwa, ezikhiqiza amaqanda ukukhiqiza izinto ezengeziwe umsebenzi.

Ngokuvamile, zonke izitho okhalo - liyisici esibalulekile oluhlukanisa okuyinto anatomy yowesifazane. Izithombe, okuyizinto ngobuningi ekhona inkomba izinto ezihlukahlukene, ngokuningiliziwe okwanele ibonisa kahle isakhiwo yabo kanye nesimo sendawo.

kwesibeletho

Kwemisipha eziyize isitho esingunxantathu ukuma. It inezingxenye ezintathu eziyinhloko:

• fundal (Ezansi unxantathu, tapering ngasesinqeni);
• mdweshu wezwe;
• entanyeni.

Anatomy wesizalo sowesifazane libona njengoba umzimba esiyinhloko ukuzala futhi sokukhulelwa. Isakhiwo ngokwaso yakhiwa izingqimba eziningana cell: le mucosa, imisipha, futhi ngokwesilinganiso kwangaphakathi serous isigubungelo kwesibeletho futhi ehlukanisa ke kusukela ingxenye peritoneal.

Lesizalo wesibeletho linendima ebalulekile ekuvikeleni okuqukethwe umzimba kusuka amagciwane emomozini elimazayo, ngoba sikhona empambana zalezi zakhiwo ezimbili. It imelelwa tube encane, egcwele isikhwehlela, okuyinto evimbela Ukungena izinto eziyingozi futhi izinto eziphilayo.

amashubhu Fallopian - pair kumiswa esukela amakhona kwesibeletho. Ezakhiwe izingqimba efanayo kwesibeletho. Ubude yabo - mayelana 12 cm.

Nemisipha - isakhiwo ekhethekile, esebenza ukusekela kwesibeletho futhi ezikhiqiza amaqanda. It siqukethe le izinyanda ezilandelayo:

• twin round;
• siqu umsipha wesibeletho;
• voronkotazovye;
• ububanzi.

Zizonke, lezi izakhiwo akha isikhundla esitebeleni kwesibeletho futhi ezikhiqiza amaqanda.

umjikelezo wokuya esikhathini uwubufakazi

Le nqubo iyaphindwa nyangazonke follicle ekwakhekeni, ukuba okukhiphayo ngaphandle noma yini kanye negazi kanye efile izinhlayiya, amaseli nezinto ezincane eziphilayo.

Lo mjikelezo yakhelwe ukulungiselela umzimba besifazane ekhulelwa noma ebeletha. Kukhona izinqubo eziyinkimbinkimbi sihambisane kwenaba hormone athile.

sokukhulelwa

Anatomy nokuthumba owesifazane owayezithwele, eshintsha kakhulu. Phela izithelo esakheka esibelethweni, ikhula. Lokhu kuholela ingcindezi lonke izibilini, ngenxa yalokho, kuletha mayelana noshintsho indawo. Isibindi siba isikhundla cishe mpo, sokuqondiswa eduze kwesibeletho. On the ingemuva, ingcindezi ukuthi ngokuvamile kubangela ukuqunjelwa kwabesifazane. Diaphragm iziphakamisile bese ilungiswe lesi sikhundla, okunikeza umuzwa yobunzima iphika.

Nokho, ngokwemvelo inikeza zonke izici ushintsho, ngakho kule mikhuba kuyinsakavukela. sokukhulelwa period singemaviki lange-40. Inqubo ukulethwa iyinkimbinkimbi, lapho umntwana sidlula lokuzalwa canal ikhanda phansi. Isikhathi kuzohluka kuncike izici ngazinye umzimba female.