Uyini Paralympics? Yini ekhethekile ngale Paralympic abasubathi?

Zonke abezindaba inkulumo mayelana Olympics. Mayelana ubazise izigidi balinde ngamawala mncintiswano ngobuqotho ukhula lwenkohlakalo egcwele bakubo. Nokho, akubona bonke uyazi yini yama-Paralympic.

indaba

I-Paralympic Imidlalo aphethwe phakathi nabantu abaphila nokukhubazeka okuthile. Umncintiswano ongabamba iqhaza bonke abantu abakhubazekile, ngaphandle-ke nalabo asebalala unezinkinga bezibona sokuzwa.

Lokho-Paralympic, isiqubuthu sabantu sezwa ngalokho hhayi kudala, ekunwetshweni abezindaba, ikakhulukazi i-Internet. Kodwa njengezingelosi Imidlalo yokuqala yayiqhutshelwa emuva ngo-1960 e-Rome. Ngokokulandisa, base ngokushesha ngemva iMidlalo Yama-Olympic kulelo dolobha efanayo.

Eyesibili Paralympics waba eTokyo. Kodwa ngo-1968, iMexico City, lapho ngesinye isikhathi babe izenzakalo-Olympic, wenqaba ukusingatha yama-Paralympic. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, i-Olympic ne-Paralympic Games yayiqhutshelwa emadolobheni ahlukene. Futhi eminyakeni engu-20 kuphela kamuva, ngo-1988, kwanqunywa ukuba uyibambe futhi endaweni efanayo.

Ekuqaleni kwakukhona ehlobo imidlalo kuphela, futhi yileyo-Paralympic ebusika ezemidlalo, osuneminyaka kuphela emva 16 kusukela ukutholakala yayo ngo-1976.

imithombo Primary neenhlathululo izwi

Omunye amaqiniso ezithakazelisayo wukuthi ngolimi Russian akukho migomo. Uyini Paralympics? Ukunqunywa kungatholakala kuphela nezichazamazwi. Leli gama kwaze kubolekwe emithonjeni ngesiNgisi.

I ukhokho Paralympic Imidlalo ubhekwa Ludwig Guttmann - ohlinza izinzwa ezivela eNgilandi. Wafika okokuqala nomqondo wokuncintisana phakathi abantu abagulayo ene-cerebral palsy. Akunzima ukuqagela ukuthi igama sifo livelile futhi igama umncintiswano.

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi Paralimpiale ngagxila nabakhubazekile, ngenombolo yezinye dysfunctions. Ngemva kwalokho, kwanqunywa ukuba kancane ukushintsha lisho ukuthini igama elithi. Igama elithi "umusi" ngesiGreki lisho "eduze." Ngenxa yalokho, yama-Paralympic - ". Eduze Olympics"

Indlela Bonke baqala

Ludwig Guttmann ngo-1948 baba umhleli mncintiswano, wakhe ubuhanjelwe ingqalabutho British neMpi Yezwe II. Bonke laba bantu ibe umgogodla cord yokulimala. Lezi imincintiswano nabizelwa Stoke Mandeville ngesitulo samasondo Imidlalo.

Ngo-1952, lo mncintiswano zakhishwa ubukhulu bomhlaba wonke, njengoba kwangena Veterans Dutch. Kusukela ngo-1960, imithetho zishintshile. Ngo imidlalo kakade ungenza abantu abakhubazekile iqhaza izihlalo zabakhubazekile, kungakhathaliseki uhlobo nezinga lokuziphatha isifo, futhi kwakungeyona nje ibutho lezempi. Ngokwesiko, njengoba imidlalo yama-Olympic, lo mncintiswano okwenzeka eRome. Igama ezikutholile kamuva Paralympic.

Ngo-1976, izimo Paralympic Imidlalo zishintshile futhi. Ngaphandle kweqiniso lokuthi imincintiswano yayiqhutshelwa the nobusika, ngoba ayengasazi iqhaza hhayi abantu abakhubazekile kuphela izihlalo zabakhubazekile.

izimo ezincintisanayo

Njalo umsubathi oletha isicelo ngokubamba iqhaza Paralympic Imidlalo, kumelwe ibhekane Abezokwelapha ekhethekile ukucacisa isigaba ukukhubazeka. Le nqubo yenziwa ukuze kufezwe izimo esiphezulu alinganayo mncintiswano. Bancintisane e oluthile lomdlalo kufanele abantu ukuhamba alinganayo. Ngenxa athlete ngihlolwa inikezwa isigaba ethile.

Ziyanda ezemidlalo izinhlobo kufakwe Imidlalo yama-Olympic, futhi esivela umncintiswano ezifana Paralympic. Hockey, ukubhukuda, athletics, ngebhayisikili, ibhola kanye nezinye imincintiswano aphethwe nge izimo ezikhethekile avumela abantu abakhubazekile ukuncintisana. Kwezinye izimo, abahlanganyeli avunyelwe ukuthatha ne abasizi.

isigaba seminyaka yobudala

Omunye izici Paralympic Imidlalo yobudala abasubathi kunalokho eziphambili. Ngokwesibonelo, uPetru Norfolk, umdlalo we tennis ngesihlalo sabakhubazekile, neminyaka engu-53. David Clark, ngubani induna iqembu football, bebungaza usuku lokuzalwa kwakhe 43rd. UCaptain Nigel Merry Bocce ithimba iminyaka 65. Alexey Ashapatovu - iqhawe Russian shot ukubeka discus - 41, futhi ngeke ayeke umsebenzi wakhe.

Paralympic futhi eziningi intsha abanokukhubazeka. Famous volleyball player Dzhuli Rodzhers 15. kuphela Kloi Devis no-Amy Marr, abenza ukubhukuda, 15 no-16 iminyaka ngokulandelana.

Ngiphakathi yobudala noma ukukhubazeka ngokomzimba noma iziphi izici izithiyo a strong intando Paralympians.

Izici

Ebholeni ungadlala ngisho iyimpumputhe. Kulokhu, umgcini kancane bakwazi ukubhekana nokuhlupheka ngaphakathi okuyizinto amabombo ekhethekile, ukhiqiza isici umsindo. Lokhu kuvumela abasubathi izimpumputhe ukunquma trajectory of the ball ekulalelweni. Ibhola ensimini kancane kancane. Esikhundleni utshani - eqinile. Inkambu uzungezwe nxazonke by izihlangu abonisa umsindo nomthelela ibhola futhi ukusebenzisa abadlali esidlule. Futhi, ungavumeli ibhola ukushiya insimu.

Unozinti, yebo, abakhethiwe ababonayo. Futhi bonke abanye ukubeka ngebhandeshi emehlweni akhe. Abanye abadlali beswela ngokuphelele ithuba ukubona omunye - kancane kuphela. Headband kulokhu inikeza ukulingana.

Kunezindlela eziningana imithetho ekhethekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi abantu abakhubazekile bangabamba kahle uzokwazi ngo imincintiswano ezifana yama-Paralympic. Abasubathi abadlala ibhola kulabo abayizimpumputhe, ukwenze nomunye tinkhomba audio. umuntu Special elingaphandle zasendle, owawuthi indlela udinga ukusebenzisa esangweni. Abalandeli futhi kufanele ahlale zezitsha e kuthule dú.

Ukubhukuda futhi ukugijima

Angizange kudlule Paralympic Imidlalo futhi umdlalo kufana nokubhukuda. Labo abasubathi abayizimpumputhe, ukusiza abantu ekhethekile - wopiyano. Bathi ume ekupheleni echibini, futhi ikwazise izimbangi lapho sekuseduze ukuba ebhodini. Lokhu kwenziwa ngosizo induku ende, ekupheleni okuyinto ibhola khona.

abagijimi Blind nazo bavunyelwe iqhaza imincintiswano kanye umhlahlandlela. Umsizi ezihambisana ngentambo umgijimi. Ubonisa indlela azisa ematfuba futhi unikeza izeluleko uma udinga ukusheshisa noma ukubambezela.

Uma umgijimi kuyinto encane ubona ukuthi anganquma ukusebenzisa umsizi-umhlahlandlela noma ukusingatha yena. Futhi, kukhona umthetho owenqabela abasizi ukuze entanjeni ngaphambi kokuba yenze lo msubathi yena.

Special Ezemidlalo: Goalball futhi Boccia

Ngaphezu owaziwa, emidlalweni yama-Paralympic kukhona ezemidlalo ezikhethekile: bocce futhi Goalball.

I Goalball udlalwa abantu ababenezinkinga ezinkulu umbono. Umgomo - ukuphonsa ibhola ku esangweni net isitha, okuyizinto ukuvikelwa abavikeli. Ngaphakathi ibhola kukhona izinsimbi, esibatshela abasubathi, lapho itholakala.

Bocce mdlalo Kufana kakhulu curling ajwayelekile. Paralympics ku-Olympics, njengoba yaziwa, libhekene iqiniso lokuthi abadlali abanokukhubazeka. Lezi zitsha futhi ukuncintisana labo ngezinga olunzima kunalo lonke ake ukukhubazeka.

Izimbangi kudingeka bathuthele ibhola, kuyisunduzele ngazo zonke izindlela ongazicabanga umgomo. Lapho lo mdlalo waba khona kanjani, wathatha izingane abathintekayo, abaphethwe i-cerebral palsy. Kamuva ngawo lowo bocce umdlalo itholakala ngokuba ngabantu iziyaluyalu kungokoqobo-motor umsebenzi.

Abahlanganyeli zihlukaniswe ngezigaba ezine. Ezinye zazo yilezi azikwazi ukuhamba ibhola bebodwa, abavunyelwe ukusebenzisa ngosizo umsizi. Ukuze laba bantu futhi ahlinzeke nezinye izimo yomdlalo.

Emcimbini wokuvula we-Paralympic Games 2014

Ngalowo nyaka, kuvulwa Paralympic Imidlalo senzeka ngo Sochi. Ukuze Russia, lolu hlobo DEBUT, ngemva Paralympic Imidlalo ayehlelwe lapha okokuqala. Bona isiqubulo esithi "Breaking the Ice" wabelwa.

Amalungiselelo emcimbini yathatha cishe iminyaka emibili. Ngesikhathi wokuvula wedili izithameli okungcono singers choir, umdanso qembu ka abadansi, ezikhethiwe kusuka esikoleni esingcono yezwe, kanye abaculi abakhubazekile. buka Enchanting ka amazed bonke abakhona.

Emcimbini wokuvula ubuhanjelwe zokuzithandela ezingaba ngu-ngamashumi amabini anamahlanu amawaka. Omncane wayeneminyaka engu-7 nje ubudala, omdala - iminyaka 63.

A-Internet bukhoma yama-Paralympic kwenzeke 20:00 isikhathi eMoscow ngo-March 7. Bonke labo abangekho lucky ngokwanele ukubona umbukiso omkhulu ngosuku babone emcimbini irekhodi.

ozithandayo Undoubted - Russia

Paralympic Imidlalo yathatha esingaphezudlwana kwesonto. Lo mkhosi sokuvalwa Paralympics senzeka ngo-March 16. Njengomhlaba ukuvulwa sasiqhutshelwa enkundleni "Fischt". Ngokuqinisekile umbukwane ukukhumbula zonke isibukeli iminyaka eminingi.

liculo Paralympic eyenziwa abaculi popular ezifana Diana Gurtskaya, Jose Carreras futhi Nafset Chenib. Into ezithakazelisayo sihlukanisa izenzakalo zokugcina esimisweni yayinesihloko isethulo, lapho abadansi zikleliswe ngendlela sibalo ezithile, omuhle wobuciko - Umdwebo umculi Vasiliya Kandinskogo. Bakhumbule wobuciko, ziye zaba ingxenye yobuciko.

Paralympics indondo Ukuma wayaziwa kuphela ukuyivala. Futhi sonke ngoba mncintiswano zokugcina zenzeka ngosuku olufanayo. Kuyinto imfihlo ukuthi abaseRussia abanamakhono uyohlala endaweni yokuqala nodumo imidlalo efana Olympics kanye Paralympic. Izindondo (okungenani iningi lazo) baya eRussia, okuyinto seyibe umholi kulezi imicimbi yezemidlalo. Leli zwe 80 izindondo kuhlanganise 30 igolide, 28 isiliva 22 ngethusi. Paralympics Ukuma indondo yabonisa abasubathi indlela abanamakhono, ikhono elikhulu banayo.

Ukufunda yama-Paralympic 2014 Abezindaba

Elinye iphephandaba Chinese yanyatheliswa isitatimende Filippa Kreyvena, uMongameli we-International Paralympic Committee, lapho athi khona ukuthi Paralympic Imidlalo Sochi isibe omunye impumelelo. Wabuye wathi mncintiswano lidlule wonke amathemba.

Ngo Pakistan, sase wesilisa kusimangaze Russian abasubathi Paralympic ngoba sledge hockey. Unozinti Brilliant uVladimir Kamantseva umdlalo ngeke abashiye ubani nandaba. Futhi, iphephandaba Pakistani okwaxoxwa filipp Kreyven. Waveza injabulo yakhe mayelana azidayisayo zisheshe zithengwe lenqwaba amathikithi.

abezindaba British ngeqholo etshela yokuphumelela skier yabo. Girls ngu Jade Etherington futhi Kelly Gallagher ngokufanele emelelwa ezweni labo. A Gallagher wathola indondo yegolide, okwakuwuphawu uhlobo DEBUT, ngoba ngaphambi kungekho waseBrithani ongazazi izindlela eyodwa ayitholanga imiklomelo enjalo emidlalweni yama-Paralympic.

Kusho ukuthini ukuba Paralympians

Phakathi kwabantu abaningi abakhubazekile abangakwazi isethubeni elikhulu futhi kungafinyelelwa engakaze ibonwe eziphakeme enkundleni yemidlalo. Nokho, ukuba ngibe umuntu umsubathi abanokukhubazeka kunzima kakhulu. Futhi ngezinye izikhathi kuba nezinkinga ngokomzimba, kodwa futhi zokuziphatha hhayi kuphela. Abaningi nzima sokuwelela ezinye izakhiwo yakhe ubandlululo, akulula ukuba ngiphume futhi kuyabonakala emhlabeni wonke. Abanye abanawo amathuba afanayo ukuze umzimba njalo: ifakwe amakamelo, simulators, imishini kanye nabaqeqeshi.

Abanye baqala umsebenzi wabo wasikhathi sonke njengoba nokuvuselelwa yezokwelapha ngenxa yokukhubazeka. abasubathi abaningi - amasosha zangaphambili owakhonza Afghanistan nezinye izindawo ezishisayo.

Ukuze yama-Paralympic imithetho efanayo nokuvimbela doping, kanye ngokuba Olympian. Zonke abasubathi kuthiwa doping izilawuli. It eyenziwa isheke olunzulu zonke izidakamizwa ukuthi babambeke abantu abanokukhubazeka.

umoya Namandla!

Ukuze ube umsubathi omkhulu amandla alulona olwawo wonke umuntu. Qala umsebenzi ngesihlalo sabakhubazekile noma ngezinduku ezihambayo - inkinga eliphakeme eyinkimbinkimbi. Paralympians - uyisibonelo ekhexisayo kunikezelwa nensimbi amandla. Kuyinto ukuziqhenya ezizweni zonke.

Paralympics kwenza kusimangaze amandla nesibindi abantu kusishukumisela ukuba uthathe bahlole izwe. Inikeza izaba ukuze siqiniseke ukuthi amandla indoda - engqondweni yakhe, e nesifiso sakhe sokuphila. Futhi abekho izithiyo endleleni eya iphupho lakho!