Umbhoshongo wamanzi: ukusebenza, umsebenzi, izici

Umbhoshongo wamanzi - isakhiwo esilula eyenzelwe isiqondiso esizimele ukugeleza nokucindezelwa yamanzi amapayipi amanzi. Isimiso esilula basembhoshongweni amanzi likhombe nokudlanga yayo.

Izinhlobo izinqaba zamanzi ezingokwemvelo

ezakhiwe efanayo esetshenziswa isintu amakhulu eminyaka. Inani eliphakeme labamemezeli udumo lwawo ku 19 sekwephuzile - ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20. Ngaleso sikhathi yayisetshenziswa edepho neziteshi ze nokugcinwa abahamba izitimela zamalahle. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi balahlekelwe incazelo yawo, kodwa namanje isetshenziswa, isibonelo, ezimele yokuphakela amanzi ezindaweni suburban noma izimboni. Izinqaba amanzi kuqala zazakhiwa ngokuyinhloko obomvu isitini, okungenani - ezenziwe ngokhuni. Okulandelayo weza kwagcizelela izakhiwo zikakhonkolo. Engxenyeni usosayensi kwekhulu lama-20 yesibili Rozhnovsky ahlinzekwa umklamo wawo we amashidi steel.

umbhoshongo Rozhnovsky ubukeka kakhulu afana isiqhumane nge isibambo. I ububanzi we senqaba yamanzi 1.5-2 esingaphansi ubukhulu ethangini izikhathi. Izinzuzo design iyona ngesivinini inhlangano (amasilinda eziyize ashiselwe kusukela amashidi steel) futhi ukufakwa lula esizeni, kanye nesisindo elincane.

Manje ngoba amanzi ngokuvamile ukufaka amathangi ngabanye ngesimo ngobuningi metallic amathangi. Njengoba isekela wasebenzisa insimbi noma kwagcizelela amakholomu ukhonkolo.

Isimiso ezisebenza yamanzi umbhoshongo

Imisebenzi yamanzi umbhoshongo kwakungenakwenzeka ukube bekungengenxa ye-ingcindezi zokulinganiswa umphumela ezitsheni kokuxhumana, noma zilingana hydrostatic. Ngaphansi isenzo gravity displaces amanzi ethangini we amapayipi ketshezi nje umfutho isitsha lilingana ingcindezi ohlelweni piping. Lokhu kusekelwe isimiso izinqaba zamanzi ezingokwemvelo phambi amaphampu. Njengoba sekunama-scheme kagesi yomsebenzi wabo ishintshile. Nakuba ngaphambili they were imithombo eyinhloko yamanzi ohlelweni, manje waqala ukudlala indima inqolobane. Njengoba "umphakeli" amanzi ukudonsa esiteshini izenzo, okubhekisele ingcindezi ngokusebenzisa uhlelo piping ngqo umthengi.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo futha iphampa amanzi ishayisa isakhiwo kuze kube ligcwele nanyana kokusebenza ngokuphelele. Ngesikhathi isiqongo funa, lapho amanzi ukusetshenziswa ngangokunokwenzeka, futhi ukudonsa esiteshini akakwazi ukubhekana nomsebenzi, evulekile ethangini valve, futhi amanzi uqala ukugeleza ohlelweni eceleni. Lokhu kwenzeka nje esiteshini alondoloze nemithombo yamanzi futhi ngeke sibhekane ngokuphumelelayo imithwalo yabo yemfanelo. Ngemva kwalokho, wonke umjikelezo iyaphindwa.

Tincenye amanzi umbhoshongo

Kungakhathaliseki uhlobo isimiso yokusebenza umbhoshongo amanzi siqukethe 5-6 ifindo. Isibalo izakhi ingahluka kakhulu futhi inqunywa luhlobo uya khona, indawo yayo, umthombo akude, izinga lamanzi kanye nezinye zindlela. Noma kunjalo, njengoba ingxenye umbhoshongo ngamunye has:

1. Tank - steel, kwagcizelela ukhonkolo noma ithangi plastic ephethe namandla amashumi amaningana izinkulungwane eziningana cubic metres.
2. Reliance - uzimele noma ukwakhiwa Monolithic of ngokhonkolo njalo nakakhulu, imishayo steel noma obomvu isitini ukuphakama kwamamitha akukho kuka 25-30. Kufanele ukusekela ethangini phezulu zidlule ikhasimende ngalinye.
3. Kuqondile amanzi - yokudla tube esukela omthombo Ukuphambukisa ububanzi 200 m, okuyinto liyangquzulwa kuya-AMANZI uhlelo.
4. Sunroof - esithombeni umbhoshongo amanzi ekubonisa umcibisholo. Kuyadingeka ukuba silondoloze ivolumu emoyeni ethangini futhi ukuvimbela yokujama tsi yamanzi.
5. Pump esiteshini nge zokulawula - isakhiwo ezisondelene, elise ngokuvamile ngenhla umthombo.

Isakhiwo amanzi umbhoshongo ezingase zithathwe lemifanekiso uhlelo nge ntshashintshe yamanzi nokuhlanzwa, kanye ezishintshayo iyunithi ukulawula ezingeni ketshezi nokuvimbela ke ekuweni kunani ezibucayi.

Umsebenzi oyinhloko we umbhoshongo amanzi

Kusukela Umgomo we operation umbhoshongo amanzi isusela umsebenzi walo main - igrafu umgwaqo esiteshini ukudonsa. Cabangela lesi simo ukuthi futha eletha amanzi ngqo, umlomo nomlomo ngesimo umbhoshongo amanzi.

Ngesicelo ikhasimende ngalinye ke likhona umsebenzi futhi off, okungukuthi, usebenza ngezinga elingafani. Lokhu kwandisa bafake etindlela, amandla ukusetshenziswa kuba engalingani, okwandisa umthwalo sokuphehla amandla. Ngenxa yalokho, ama-utility izinkampani bephoqeleka ukuba imali imali ku ebizayo ukulungiswa. Ukuze konke lokhu kwenzeke, futhi ukusungula izinqaba zamanzi ezingokwemvelo.

Umsebenzi wesibili - ukulondoloza ingcindezi iphayiphi. Amanzi, etholakala endaweni ephakeme kakhulu, amandla adonsela phansi ngokwayo kudala lemali edingekile of ingcindezi ohlelweni. Ngenxa yalokho, umthwalo esuswa esiteshini futha.

isabelo Akuphoqelekile

Enye injongo kanye nokusebenza umbhoshongo amanzi kuhlobene. Amanzi umthombo kakhulu kuyaqabukela ahlangane omisiwe sanitary amazinga, ngakho uma isetshenziselwa yasekhaya izinjongo noma ukuphuza, amanzi umbhoshongo isetshenziswa njengophawu zokuhlunga kudivayisi. Kuhlelo ipayipi ukunikezela sifakwe strainers okuyinto ebambekile esindayo izinsimbi, lensimbi nangomthofu oxides phambili, isihlabathi nezinye izinto. Iziko le-tank luhlala futhi likhanya nangokwengeziwe. ukuphathwa uhlelo igobolondo, efakwe okuphakelayo umugqa amanzi zingahlanza amanzi kusukela namagciwane abangela izifo, ekuletheni umkhiqizo okumsulwa kuhle ukuba umthengi.

Dala i-supply eziphuthumayo yamanzi ingasetshenziswa uma kwenzeka supply ukuwohloka noma umlilo amanzi - esinye isici ozikhethela umbhoshongo amanzi.

Imisebenzi ne umbhoshongo-futha

Umgomo we operation umbhoshongo amanzi nge futha othomathikhi akahlukile ukuthi izikimu esesichaziwe lomsebenzi. Okuwukuphela iqiniso lokuthi loluhlelo akuyona njengoba isiteshi ukudonsa ezinjalo. Umsebenzi wayo kwenziwa kagesi ezihlangene.

Ngokunciphisa ezingeni amanzi ethangini ingaphansi isignali embundwini uhlelo ezishintshayo enikeziwe, futhi futha iqala ukumpompa amanzi ku ethangini. Uma ethangini ugcwele, ukulinda kuze ezingeni uketshezi liye lehla futhi.

izinhlelo ezinjalo ngokuvamile ezisetshenziswa ezindaweni zangasese kanye suburban. Lolu ketshezi ezingeni inkomba uba iflothi, okuyinto, falling cishe kuya phansi, uvala oxhumana nabo kanye ithumela edluliselwe isignali, nokuthi kakade ophethe ukusebenza kwe-futha.

kwebalingisi

Ukuze uhlelo ukwenza kahle imisebenzi yayo, kubalulekile ukuthi ukuphakama umbhoshongo amanzi lalilikhulu kune ukuphakama yimuphi omunye izindawo service. Yingakho amathangi amanzi avame ukubonakala ophahleni ephezulu liphumele izakhiwo (ikakhulukazi amafilimu American). Uma lesi sifo hhayi ugcwalisekile, uNyaka yokujama tsi kungenzeka amanzi ethangini. Enye ipharamitha okubalulekile inani umbhoshongo amanzi besikhundla zokusebenza. Kulolu hlu kuchazwa ukugeleza igrafu abathengi. Ngokuvamile, ubukhulu esitsheni kuyakhethwa ukuze ketshezi zanqwabelana ngokwanele ukusebenzisa usuku lonke. Kulokhu, futha azofakwa umsebenzi kuphela ebusuku, okuyinto kuzonciphisa umthwalo kugridi.

Izici isisekelo design

Ukuphakama tower ne ithangi ivolumu zikuthinta ngokuqondile izindleko umbhoshongo. Futhi akusiyo kangaka mayelana izindleko isakhiwo asekelayo kwesigubhu, kangakanani intengo isisekelo. Ngaphambi kokukhetha uhlobo obeka isisekelo ukujula ibalwa hhayi kuphela umthwalo static, kodwa futhi phezu ashukumisayo - ngenkathi ukugcwalisa ithange kungenzeka iyehla iyenyuka ukuthi kuzothatha ukwakhiwa kwe-balance. Ukubalwa wenziwa futhi phezu ukuzinza nethonya umthwalo emoyeni. Ayanda umbhoshongo, namandla ke intando bechezuka mpo indiza futhi nge oqinile gusty emoyeni. Ukudiyazela umbhoshongo uqala "ukuphazamisa" amanzi ngeke amagagasi izikhathi eziningana kuzokhulisa ingcindezi avumelekile umbhoshongo amanzi kuya phansi. Ngenxa yalokho, umklamo ziyowa.

Ngakho-ke, ngisho nalapho ukubeka imiklamo villa ningakwenqabi ngosizo ochwepheshe. Ukuchitha imali manje, uzokwazi esikhathini esizayo ukuze ukukhathazeka mayelana nokwethenjelwa kanye nokusebenza yayo amanzi umbhoshongo.