Stone Isiqhingi Palace eSt: ikheli, izithombe

izivakashi eziningi zikholelwa ukuthi isikhungo art ukhonza Western kuphela Europe. Kodwa lo mncintiswano kwakungase ukufinyelela Petrograd, okuyinto izakhamuzi nezivakashi yedolobha ngothando esifushanisiwe futhi wabhekisela Petersburg. Stone Isiqhingi Palace - yisibonelo classicism ukuthi, naphezu izinguquko eziphawulekayo nokubuyiselwa, akalilahlile umoya kwekhulu XVIII.

Attractive Indawo

Northern Capital has Isifaniso yayo Rublevki eduze eMoscow, okuyinto inama izakhamizi abantu abacebile nosaziwayo. endaweni kwayo ngokuphelele kuyinto 10.6 amakhilomitha square. Sise esizalweni somfula main noPetru akhelene emifuleni Krestovka, Big futhi Small Nevka. Manje Stone Island - isikhungo Petersburg, lapho yokuhlala esiphehla abantu abanethonya futhi wakuthola.

Kodwa iminyaka engamakhulu amathathu edlule, lezi amazwe kwakumelwe emaphethelweni zasendle komuzi. Ukube bekungekhona ukuthi yezenzakalo ezingokomlando kanye izingobe zasebukhosini, mhlawumbe Russia akuyona uyaziqhenya enjalo emangalisayo yezakhiwo njengoba Kamennoostrovsky Palace, Gausvald cottage, Follenveydera nezinye endlini.

Umlando isiza waqala ngokushesha ngemva kokwakhiwa ukwakhiwa inhlokodolobha enyakatho - inqaba - Meyi 16, 1703.

Umqondo we-uMbusi omkhulu

Nge igama laleli zwe zinganekwane ezimbili ezithakazelisayo axhunyiwe. Ngokusho inguqulo yokuqala, esiqhingini kwaba imbokodo omkhulu, okuyinto hung phezu kwezwe nedwala. Inganekwane yesibili uthi, endaweni yaqanjwa omkhulu-umbusi wezinguquko. Phela, kusukela Petros ngesiGreki, okuvela kulo igama lokuthi uPetru, ngokuvamile lihunyushwa ngokuthi "itshe".

UMbusi kwadingeka izinhlelo big for eGulf of Finland. Ukuze uvikele i emazweni ayenqotshiwe isimo IsiSwidi of Russian, wanikeza izingxenye ezinkulu izikhonzi zakhe ezithembekile.

Ngakho, umnikazi wakhe wokuqala Stone Isiqhingi okwabahambela Yokubala Gavriil Golovkin. Nguye, nawukuthi umngane umbusi 1709 wanikela kusayithi. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi phezu lapho ukwakha lo muntu namuhla Kamennoostrovsky Palace.

Isisekelo yokuhlala

Zibonisa ukuthi ohlakaniphile, naphezu inzuzo yabo emikhulu, babe ukuhaha kakhulu. Yakha mansion omangalisayo ngaye yayiwukuba kuyindaba yokukhathalelwa kumnandi.

Kodwa ukubala lwalwesaba kakhulu ukuthi umbusi ababethanda njalo ezinikelwe insimu yabo, izofika kulesi siqhingi wangabona izinguquko. Ngakho-ke Golovkin wayala ukuba umakhele indlu ezishibhile ezenziwe ngokhuni, okwakubekelwa watshala insimu nesizotha. Okulandelayo wakhula obukhulu ihlathi exhaphozini. Ukwesaba ezalethwa, futhi ngo-1715 ethulwa le nkosi wavakashela zensimu. Kwakulapho eminyakeni embalwa kamuva wabonakala Kamennoostrovsky Palace, ukudalwa esandleni sowesifazane umzukulu wakhe, uPetru III.

Ngemva kokufa kombusi lokuqala Ukubala abacebé ngempumelelo ngaphambi kokufa kwakhe ngo 1734 futhi wahlala ungumuntu obalulekile ngesikhathi kuvela laba enkantolo, ubani eye yasinda ezintathu Icebo lika. Kodwa indodana yakhe uMichael wayengakwazi ukuba ubalekele nozungu futhi ewa esivuna yindlovukazi entsha - Elizabeth. Yena nomkakhe u bathunjwe. Impahla kanye nezwe sithathiwe.

Umuntu owasungula le eqenjini lomculo

Islet Empress wanika umzala wakhe - Anna Skavronskaia, owashada Bala Alekseya Bestuzheva-Ryumin, futhi lokhu wamnika impahla yakhe. Yena ngenkuthalo wasiphakamisa isakhiwo zensimu, lapho namuhla kumi Kamennoostrovsky Palace. Ukusiphula ehlathini eliminyene nasemaxhaphozini ngikhandlekile Count baletha amakhulu imikhaya Ukraine.

Kwathi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi watshala insimu enhle e isitayela French. Graf baba umqalisi kwendalo enhle eqenjini lomculo aluhlaza ngalo ozokwakhela kulo nezinye izakhiwo. Kukhona ngokuvamile okuhleliwe elikhulu azenza amabhola, okuyinto ebangela zonke edolobheni ukwazi.

Ngo 1758 Indlovukazi yezwa zehliswa ezikhundleni bese ithunyelwa Bestuzhev. Noma kunjalo, ukuphucwa ungenziwanga. Graf wahola ok buqamama. Ngakho-ke, isikhathi esithile ngezikhangiso yangasese Petersburg wanika impahla yakhe.

Bestuzhev wabuya kuhulumeni uCatherine II. Waphinda wasiqala isihloko, kodwa ngenxa izikweletu zakhe ayelithenge siqhingi ruble 30,000.

kuqale umsebenzi

Ngo-1765 iNdlovukazi wanika Insimu ngendodana nendlalifa yakhe uPawulu I. Umsebenzi wokwakha wayeseqala ukwakha Stone Isiqhingi Palace eSt, sacelwa ukuba abaculi kakhulu isikhathi kusuka ezweni lonke. Namanje asilwazi igama le phrojekthi lembhali. Ngokusho kweminye imithombo kwaba Vasily Bazhenov.

inqubo Kwaholela Yuri Felten. Emva kukazamcolo e 1777 salandelwa Dzhakomo Kvarengi. Ngokwakhe inqubo ukwakhiwa Kwaphela iminyaka eyishumi. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi, mina Pawulu ngokwami akazange ihluke predilection esikhethekile endaweni. Kwakuwusuku yokuthi uCatherine II wetha indodana yakhe Pavlovsk futhi Gatchina esikhathini esifanayo. Agcina eseyinto yokuhlala ozithandayo ombusi.

Buildings kwaqedwa 1780. Khona-ke sasiqhutshelwa liwumbala omuhle behlonipha umsebenzi sekugcineni, okuyinto wavakashelwa indlovukazi. Kodwa eminyakeni emibili kuphela kamuva ngazivala ukusebenza wezangaphakathi.

Thanda isidleke nkosi

Ifomu Residence - "P" sisalokhu incwadi. Isitayela siyagcinwa esiqinile Russian classicism. Ngokuvamile, amakamelo 30 kuphela has a Kamennoostrovsky Palace. Ukubuyiselwa kwenziwa kusukela ngaphandle ngokuphindaphindiwe, futhi isikhathi ngasinye amakhosi wakwazi ukugcina ukubukeka yokuqala isakhiwo. Kodwa ngaphakathi, isitayela washintsha njalo.

Usadlondlobele iphutha ngesikhathi sokubusa indodana yakhe uPawulu I - Alexander. Sekuyiminyaka engu-25 kwaba sokuhlala main kaKesari. Uthando yenkosi kusayithi Kulula kakhulu ukuchaza. Phambi indawo yakhe, ngakolunye uhlangothi Little iNeva, kwaba Maria Naryshkin inxuluma, intandokazi kaKesari. indaba yabo eyathatha iminyaka engu-15.

Lapho uMbusi bathuthela esiqhingini, bevale konke ukuzijabulisa nezindawo zokudlela. Wayefuna kube nokuthula. Ecabanga waphefumulelwa izingadi aluhlaza umphelelisi ikhaya eqenjini lomculo. Kuye kwakunokwenzeka ukuya ngokuqondile ballroom.

fashion isikhathi

ngokushesha zakhula zaze zaba Kamennoostrovsky Palace. Ama ifotho, lapho ungabona umhlobiso futhi ingaphakathi le nqaba - umsebenzi abaculi izizukulwane ezahlukene. Ezikhathini Dzhakomo Kvarengi kwakhiwa olungaphambili lwesonto isakhiwo kanye egcekeni, ehlotshiswe amakholomu eziyisithupha isitayela oda Tuscan. Ngesikhathi esifanayo ke wamiswa egwadle izinyathelo.

Ngo-1820 waqala kabusha ayisisekelo. Kungezwe ehhovisi sombusi ka-Alexander I, waba kabusha engadini. Izindonga kabusha Ngesineke ngokuhlangenwe umculi Dzhovanni Batistoy. Zonke izinguquko zazenziwa ngokuhambisana izitayela fashion.

ubukhazikhazi Special libhekene eHholo Omkhulu. Inhloso Its main - ukuze amabhola kanye masquerades. Namuhla, kunamabandla ukubaza zemabula esibonisa nebalingisi zamaGreki.

Kusukela amakhosi omongameli

Izenzakalo eziningi zomlando babone lezi zindonga. Lapha wamiswa ibutho umkhuzi Mikhail Kutuzov sika. Futhi kule yokuhlala kombusi bafunde ngokulawulwa Decembrists. Lesi sigodlo elaba isikhungo Umdwebo ePrincess Elena Pavlovna. Izintambo futhi kusihlwa zomculo ihlelwe Rubinstein. Isivakashi njalo inxuluma kwaba Alexander Pushkin.

Ngemva inguquko, ifa wenza esibhedlela ke ikoloni izingane, futhi kamuva - esibhedlela amasosha, abashayeli bezindiza.

Ngo-2008, waqala umsebenzi wokuvuselela izakhiwo. Manje impahla endaweni elibiza imali crazy kubhekwa elite iningi wonke amasayithi Petersburg.

abasebenzi Inxanxathela ukuchitha uhambo sithakazelise futhi ukuba Stone Isiqhingi Palace. Ikheli lapho kuyinto Ensemble: Malaya iNeva yashayisa unqenqema 1A.

izakhiwo eziningana ziye lwenziwe kabusha njengendawo yokuhlala wombusi, kodwa uhulumeni washintsha isinqumo salo. Ngo September kulonyaka ke ihlela ukuvula ithalente Academy. Lokhu kuzokuvumela ukuba uvakashele ngokukhululekile i yezakhiwo simangalele wonke umuntu.