Parodont - Iyini? isifo periodontal

Parodont - iqoqo kwezicubu ezisizungezile izinyo. Ngamunye sezakhi zalokhu eziyinkimbinkimbi wenza imisebenzi ethile, ngaleyo ndlela zinciphisa inani kwamazinyo ithambo, kanye ubuqotho bazo. Uyini engavamile oyiyo?

Ukwahlukaniswa periodontal

Ungakhohlwa ukuthi lena izicubu eziyinkimbinkimbi. Of uyini periodontium? Lokhu iqoqo kwezicubu, okunikeza hhayi kuphela ukudla, kodwa ukugcina ubuqotho izinyo. Lesi sakhiwo kuhlanganisa:

• izinsini,
• ithambo alveoli (kanye periosteum)
• periodontitis,
• izinyo (usimende, impande dentin, uginindela).

Ukuze uqonde isakhiwo periodontal kufanele ucabangele ngokucophelela ngamunye emisipheni.

Kuyini gum

Ushingamu lokuqala - izicubu, ehlanganisa periodontium. Lokhu kuthinta impilo futhi kwempilo yamazinyo. Libhekisela eqenjini ushingamu nolwelwesi lwamafinyila. izindwangu okunjalo azungeze ebusweni izinyo futhi bakha isithiyo okuyinto ayikuvumeli zonke izifo kungenzeka ukungena.

Upper gum ungqimba - ungqimba flat epithelium keratinized. Ngokuqondene nezwe, limelela shift igobolondo. Ivame ukubizwa esifundeni emaphethelweni ulwanga kanzima. contact Ngaphandle ne gingiva lwamafinyila ohlanganisa ithambo alveolar emhlathini. Lesi sici isakhiwo saleli ingxenye kwezicubu periodontal kusheshe alulame emva zamakhemikhali, umonakalo emzimbeni noma lokukhanda.

Unamathisela izinsini e ithambo ecashile. Lezi kwezicubu periodontal benzelwe futhi ube nenani elikhulu izinyanda ukuthi ongenza imisebenzi ehlukahlukene.

ithambo izicubu

kwezicubu periodontal zenza imisebenzi. Isakhiwo kuhlanganisa bone alveolar emhlathini. Kusekelwe ithambo izidakamizwa ukumboza kwangaphakathi futhi yangaphandle udonga izingqimba njengoba amapuleti. Phakathi kwabo, yena, kuyinto into kokuba isakhiwo sithambile. It efihla okuningi imithambo yegazi, imizwa kanye mapayipi.

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi isizinda esinjalo bony amazinyo inomsebenzi omkhulu nezicubu periodontal inikeza izakhamzimba ezidingekayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ithambo alveolar emhlathini kuhlobene nezinye izingxenye periodontal.

Periodontium, usimende, izinyo koqweqwe lwawo

Periodontal Ingenye yezinkundla izicubu zezinzwa aqukethe uhleloxhumano periodontium. Lokhu kuthathwa imicu eqondile futhi amaseli, igazi lymph izitsha, nezinzwa. Kutholwe phakathi alveolar periodontal namazinyo. Lokhu Indwangu ikuvumela ukuba ulungise umthwalo phezu amazinyo.

Njengoba for usimende, kuba kudala amazinyo, okuyinto ikhipha kakhulu efana amathambo. Umehluko omkhulu yilona ukungabi khona ezinye izakhi esitokisini. Umsebenzi oyinhloko usimende - isenzo isibopho kuzo zonke izicubu amazinyo.

Enamel ingenye izingxenye esitebeleni kunazo. It wayengadlali othatha umthwalo oyinhloko phakathi ukuhlafuna futhi igaya ukudla. Izikhwepha High Inkomba ijwabu kufezwa ngokusebenzisa koqweqwe lwawo amaphrizimu ethize, okuyinto aqukethe le micu nokuxhuma hydroxyapatite.

Dentin kanye uginindela

Dentin - lena enye ingxenye periodontal. Lokhu Indwangu, okuyinto has a isakhiwo esiqinile. Dentin kanye koqweqwe lwawo camera usimende kwamazinyo. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi indwangu iqukethe amaminerali ngaphansi. Ngakho-ke, dentin izinyo koqweqwe lwawo zingaphansi e ubulukhuni. Ngaphakathi lokhu izicubu uginindela.

Kuyini lokhu? Iincwadi ezingakatloleki kuhle - kuyinto izicubu zomzimba ezithambile. namazinyo Therethrough eyenziwa umsoco. Iincwadi ezingakatloleki kuhle liqukethe ngokuvamile we elihlangana izakhi, izitsha nezinzwa. Kuvikela ke kusukela yokuzalanisa nezilwanyana ezincane periodontal. Lena esinye isici eyenza uginindela. Kuyinto ephawulekayo ukuthi lo mshumayeli izicubu ehilelekile kumiswa dentin.

Yini periodontal

kwezicubu periodontal zenza imisebenzi, phakathi okuyinto ivelele:

• plastic;
• trophic;
• isithiyo;
• cushioning.

umsebenzi plastic

Siyabonga kulesi sici, izicubu periodontal abe impahla ezifana yokutakula ehlelekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amaseli zide. Lezi zinqubo abazenzi sibonga fibroblasts, osteoblasts, cementoblasts nezinye izakhi.

umsebenzi trophic

Kulokhu sikhuluma ingcindezi reflex ukulawulwa ukudla ukugaya. Lokhu kungenxa isakhiwo eqondile periodontitis. Umbuto kutsi leli khono kwezicubu ukuba athuthukiswe incike capillary futhi izinzwa receptor, okuyinto okwakuthandelene futhi udale into efana inethiwekhi.

isithiyo umsebenzi

Ngokusho kochwepheshe, ukuphumelela kwalesi umsebenzi kuthinta isimo periodontal, kanye khona othile yezifo izinsini nezinye izicubu. Umthelela zokuzivikela kungakusiza ukwehlisa izakhiwo ongaphakeme elwa namagciwane we epithelium, kanye nekhono layo keratinization. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amandla okwenza lo msebenzi futhi sithinta isakhiwo izinsini.

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ngamathe womuntu futhi kusiza ukunciphisa Ukungena namagciwane abangela izifo emzimbeni. Phela, yakhiwa ezihlukahlukene izingxenye eziphila abakhuthele spectrum ezahlukene kanye nemvelaphi. Phakathi izinto ezinjalo ziyathandeka egazi amhlophe, ama-enzyme kanye immunoglobulin, ayisiza.

ukushaqeka-iyavuleka umsebenzi

I zokugula we periodontal kunganciphisa ukusebenza ukusebenza kwalesi umsebenzi. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi inqubo ukuhlafuna ukudla neurovascular izinyanda, kanye alveoli Njalo sibhekana ukulimala ezincane. eziyinkimbinkimbi periodontal kungaba kakhulu ukunciphisa umthwalo. Lokhu kufezwa ngokusebenzisa amangqamuzana nokusasamba, okuyinto zitholakala phakathi kwezicubu.

ubuqotho Periodontal linendima ebalulekile. On isimo kohlelo inikezwe incike impilo umzimba sika jikelele. Kungenxa yalesi sizathu ukuthi kumele uvakashele udokotela wamazinyo njalo futhi ukulandela isimo amazinyo.

Periodontitis futhi gingivitis

isifo Periodontal - Kuyaziwa kakhulu. Kulokhu, inqubo isifo kungenzeka isimila, ukuvuvukala noma esiwohlozayo ngokwemvelo. Izifo ezivame kakhulu ezifana nesifo periodontal futhi gingivitis. Lokhu izinqubo ukuvuvukala ezenzeka kwezicubu periodontal. The main umehluko - e kwasendaweni. Endabeni ka gingivitis, ukuvuvukala kuthinta kuphela emaphethelweni izicubu gingival, ngaleyo ndlela eziphatha nezicubu gingival kuphela engenhla. Njengoba isifo periodontal sihilela zonke izakhiwo periodontal. Lesi sifo libhekene ukubhujiswa okuqhubekayo ekubhujisweni alveolar nezicubu periodontal zezinzwa.

Eqinisweni, lezi zifo amafomu ezihlobene ka esifweni esisodwa kuphela. Ngemva ekuqaleni abavusa emisipheni gingival. Kuphela ngemuva kwesikhathi esithile kuthinta amaseli wethambo alveolar futhi umsipha periodontal.

periodontitis prepubertal

Okufanayo isifo periodontal zenzeka izingane khona hhayi kuphela unomphela, kodwa futhi amazinyo eyinhloko. Isizathu ukuthi ngempela okusheshayo nokuthuthukiswa ngasekuqaleni kokuba khona lesi sifo singumbulali sasinesici amasosha omzimba jikelele. Ukwelashwa lesi sifo kuyehla, njengoba umthetho, a ukwazi okuseqophelweni eliphezulu imithi elwa nawo. Nokho, umkhuba, omunye ingafinyelela yi omuhle, ususe ukungapheleli amasosha omzimba usebenzisa ukungenisa imithi ethile.

I-Focal periodontitis engamahlongandlebe

Lokhu ikakhulukazi periodontal kwezicubu isifo, lapho lesion Kuyaqapheleka ngokwengxenye kuphela ukweseka ama-apharathasi amazinyo kuqala unomphela. Lokhu Isifo esibangelwa amagciwane esibizwa ngokuthi Actinomycetes comitans. It bakterii- actinomycins. Ngokuvamile a periodontitis ebalulekile engamahlongandlebe kwenzeka ezinganeni ezinabazali kukhona abathwali alawa magciwane.

Lesi sifo ngokuvamile ehambisana nobutha sakugcina ukuvuvukala. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi izilokazane ezincane ezidala izifo bayakwazi yokuvimbela impendulo zokuzivikela kwesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela ezifweni. Amasosha Omzimba ezimweni ezinjalo nje awunaso isikhathi ukwakha. Naphezu kwalokhu, lesi sifo singumbulali akuvamile obuhambisana naleyo umuntu kukho konke ukuphila. Ukubhujiswa namazinyo unomphela ezinganeni ezingavamile, njengoba kancane kancane buthelela nokuphatha bakheké ngokuphelele omzimba athile.

Yikuphi yokwelapha ezinqunyiwe

Ukwelashwa kwezicubu periodontal e engamahlongandlebe periodontitis ebalulekile kuqalise ngokusetshenziswa kwama-antibiotic. Lokhu ukwelashwa ihlala amasonto 3, kepha hhayi ngaphezulu. Uma lokhu sekwenziwe ukungenela wendawo. Ukuthola kwamaphilisi Kulokhu uyisidingo, njengoba Amagciwane ekuqaleni kudume inkatho extragingival futhi ephaketheni ekugcineni periodontal. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-bacterium zijule zidlule izakhiwo ithambo nezicubu elithambile, lapho ukumelana kwabo izidakamizwa iyakhula.

Engazweli emthini futhi periodontitis ngokushesha okuqhubekayo

Lezi zifo periodontal zibangelwa microflora ethile Actinomycetes comitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis noma Prevotella Intermedia. Nokho, ukuhlanganiswa eziningana ezivamile. Ezimweni ezinjalo, izilokazane ezincane ukuthuthukisa kuphela izenzo zomunye nomunye, kanjalo okubangela hhayi kuphela ukubhujiswa kwezicubu, kodwa futhi nokucindezela imisebenzi zokuzivikela kwesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela ezifweni.

Lezi ukwelashwa izifo kuyehla kube ngokuphelele ukwelashwa emaphaketheni periodontal, kanye therapy elwa namagciwane, okuyinto Uthatha 3 kuya 4 amasonto. Ekupheleni ukusebenza eyenziwa zezindwangu. Lolu hlobo lwe-therapy kuhlinzwa Kwenziwa kuphela ngemva uze uwaqede yokwelashwa ama-antibiotic. Kungenjalo, ukwelashwa kuyoba ayizwakali.

Qinisekisa ukunemba yokwelapha ebekiwe kungenzeka kuphela ngokwenza ukuhlaziywa microbiological kwezicubu biopsies, futhi okuqukethwe ephaketheni periodontal.

Kuyini isifo periodontal

ekuhlonzweni ka periodontal lembula izifo eziningi ngendlela efanele usaqala. Abantu abaningi baphathwa izifo ezifana nesifo periodontal. Ngesisekelo lesi sifo kukhona izinqubo atrophic elimazayo ezicutshini esithambile. Kulokhu, lesi sifo singumbulali kuqhathaniswa kancane futhi anezinye izimpawu. Isizathu esikhulu isifo periodontal kanye nokuthuthukiswa engakaze isungulwe.

Kwenzekani ezicutshini? Lapho kuphakama isifo enjalo isici yezimonyo: ukuchayeka ezinyweni izimpande. Ngokuvamile, iziguli bakhononda ngokuthi gum kwezinye izindawo baye baqala ehle. Ngakho namazinyo zibukeke aye ngekwandza. Ngokuvamile iziguli Sikhathazekile ukulunywa ezinsinini. Futhi, kungase kube buhlungu entanyeni yazo amazinyo.

Kushiwo ngamuphi umqondo ukuthi ekwelapheni periodontitis

Okwamanje akukho ukwelashwa esiyimbangela yalesi sifo alikho, njengoba isizathu esiyinhloko ukuthuthukiswa yayo engakaze isungulwe. Ngokuvamile, odokotela ukususa kuphela izimpawu zesifo. Lokhu kwenziwa ngezindlela kwezimali ezikhethekile. Lokhu kungabi sengxenyeni ukuzwela anda futhi ukunciphisa izicubu ukuvuvukala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iziguli ezinalesi sifo automassazh ebekiwe noma elula gum massage, darsonvalization elikuvumela ukuba ulungise iziyaluyalu trophic. Splinting ngezinye izikhathi isicelo. Ekugcineni uphawu ukukhubazeka nhlonhlo emise.

vestibuloplasticheskaya imisebenzi olwenziwa kwezinye izimo. Nokho, umphumela yalokhu kungenelela iDemo.

Isimila kanye isimila nezicubu ukulimala

Okufanayo lesion periodontal kunzima ngempela ukubikezela. Kukhona izifo ezifana kuphela labo abanemizimba izinqubo ezinjalo. Kulokhu, umfutho sokuthuthukiswa izifo umdlavuza futhi Ithumba ukwehluleka hormone. Ngokuvamile imbangela eyinhloko ukunqwabelana esiningi ozokusebenzisa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nje kuphela kodwa futhi phakathi nokuthomba.

Nokho, njengoba umkhuba imibukiso, lokhu kuphela izici engabangela ukuba ukuthuthukiswa lezi izilonda e abantu beyizidlova inqubo umdlavuza. Zikhona nezinye izizathu. Ososayensi zokubhala esinye isici olukwaziyo ingqondo ukuthuthukiswa zokugula ezinjalo. Lokhu kungenxa ukuthatha ama steroid ngesikhathi umsebenzi ezemidlalo zochwepheshe sawo esiningi.

indlela yokwelashwa

Ukwelashwa nokuvikelwa isimila kanye izilonda isimila-like kungagcini nokuqedwa ukulimala nokuvuvukala. Ngokuvamile ukususwa kwezicubu yene. Ngokuvamile lokhu liyadingeka uma mezhkornevyh granuloma, epulis, gingivitis hypertrophic, gum cystic nokunye.

Iziguli lezi zifo kufanele iqaphe ngokucophelela inhlanzeko yomlomo ngokusebenzisa izixazululo hhayi kuphela ekhethekile isinqandakuvunda kodwa nezalo uhlambulule namagciwane.

isifo Prevention

Ukuvimbela periodontal kubaluleke ngokukhethekile. Izinyathelo ezinjalo uyasiza ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa isifo, kanye ukugwema imiphumela engemihle. Nokuvinjelwa kwezifo periodontal kuyehla kube le mithetho elandelayo:

1. yokudla efanele futhi olinganiselayo, ecebile amavithamini hhayi kuphela kodwa futhi namaminerali.
2. Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezahlukene, ukwakheka lapho kukhona fluoro.
3. Ukuyeka malocclusion nendawo normal nokwakheka kwezitho ezithile nezicubu esithambile ngalo ingaphakathi ngomlomo. Kufanele balahle yokhetho umsebenzi prishlifovyvanie futhi suprokontaktov. Phela, lezi zifo kungaholela ukuhlukumezeka periodontal kanye nokuthuthukiswa izifo ezithize.
4. Kuyadingeka ukuqeda izici ukwelashwa orthodontic, zitho futhi ofakwe.
5. ukuvakashelwa esifike ngisehhovisi likadokotela wamazinyo.
6. Ukuhlanzeka amazinyo futhi ngalo ingaphakathi ngomlomo.
7. Ukulungisa izicubu iziyaluyalu architectonic okunamathiselwe langekhulusi ngalo ingaphakathi ngomlomo.
8. Kuyadingeka lokufeza ukwelashwa kwezifo concomitant.

Ekupheleni

Parodont kuyinto eziyinkimbinkimbi izindwangu ezihlukahlukene, ngasinye okhona njengamanje owenza umsebenzi othile. Lapho indlela engalungile izifo ezihlukahlukene nokuguquguquka ukuba inhlanzeko yomlomo. Futhi akusiwona ukuvuvukala periodontal kuphela, kodwa futhi kumiswa izimila. Ephambi kwezinduna yisiphi isifo kufanele ngokushesha nokufuna usizo lochwepheshe. Lokhu kuzosiza ukugwema ukuthuthukiswa sengozini yokuthola izifo ngaphezulu.