Kuyini isampuli? amasampuli imvamisa

Uyini ibhadalele, namuhla uyazi iyiphi lochwepheshe emkhakheni izithombe digital. Nokho, abantu abaningi abathola ukuthi usanda kuqala bajwayelane kule ndawo, awazi izici zako ezisemqoka, ukuze ungakwazi ukugwema amaphutha athile.

Kuyini lokhu?

Kuyini isampuli? Lo mphumela engathandeki, okuholela yokuthi ikhwalithi yesithombe is ngokuphawulekayo sawohloka. Lesi simo esiyingqayizivele sibangelwa kungenzeka ukuthi umataniswe nanoma iyiphi idivayisi noma inqubo, lapho ulwazi sehlukaniswe amasampula eziningana ehlukile. Kulokhu, izibonelo zalokho kungase kubhekwe njengokwelapha uhlobo ukuphazamiseka iphethini, uma kukhona ubuhlobo nabathile phakathi imvamisa lomkhuba kanye Kutholwe isakhiwo ngezikhathi idatha.

Iso lomuntu lenziwe njalo wokulwela ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ngiziqonde isilinganiso esithile njengoba iphathini nokuphazamiseka engasithibeza incazelo okuyiyonayona yalokho okwakushiwo isithombe. Ngokucabangela izibonelo zabantu lokho izibonelo zalokho, ukunikeza iphethini moire, engesiyo ngempela olunembile nomphumela waso, kodwa ingase ibonise kanjani umuntu eduka esimweni lapho amaphethini ezimbili sebeqala nihlanganyele, ukwakha lwesithathu.

Kuyini moiré?

Moire akaqondakali iphethini mihlobiso, okuyinto wayedabuka alikho ngale ndaba. Lo mphumela kungenzeka ukwenzeka izithombe ezahlukene etholakala esebenzisa amadivayisi obuchwepheshe. Futhi leyo nkinga lapha ukuthi iphethini into is esikhulu iphethini nokubekwa pixel matrix, lapho kukhona wasithathu, umhla ibizwa ngokuthi moire.

Advantageously iningi izimo lokhu umphumela kwenzeka ngesikhathi yokugqama enemininingwane izithombe ayihambisani lesinqumo izinzwa ekuqaleni amisiwe. Ikakhulu, kungatholakala njalo endabeni zisuswe izinto ezifana izinwele noma indwangu, kanye iziza, okunikeza inqwaba izingxenye impinda. Ngokuvamile, moire ayikwazi ezitholakala emvelweni, njengoba kwenzeka ku izithombe, okuyinto etholakala esebenzisa ikhamera yedijithali noma scan kamuva kabi.

Kaningi, e amakhamera lanamuhla digital, ukuze kuncishiswe lo mphumela, sebenzisa optical ongaphakeme-pass isihlungi ekhethekile, ngakho uma ngempela uya efanele ukusebenza izithombe, kulesi simo, kufanele ngaso sonke isikhathi cabanga amamodeli nalesi sici, okuzokwenza ukuba bakwazi ukunikeza izinga eyanele kuye ngokuthi izimo yesibili.

Discretization e amakhamera yesimanje

Ngo amadivayisi lanamuhla digital, umphumela izibonelo zalokho kungenxa yokuthi ulwazi sehlukaniswe amasampula eziningana njalo ngezikhathi ezithile. Ikakhulukazi, enye yala maphethini kulokhu indawo pixel matrix, iphethini yesibili kukhona noma iyiphi izakhi isithombe, okuyinto kungaba liphindwe ezindaweni eziningi zomhlaba noma iziphi ukushintshwa ngemva kwenani elithile Amaphikseli e-transverse noma isiqondiso longitudinal.

Kulabo abaqondi ukuthi yini izibonelo zalokho futhi kwenzeka nini, ungakwazi ukunikeza isibonelo esikhethekile. Uma kukhona ukutholakala enganele inani Amaphikseli ukudlulisela ukwaziswa okunembile ukuze isithombe, kuleso simo ke alikho nqampuna umhlabeleli. In the version standard kuyoba okwanele nje ukuba ukhethe Inokucaca, ngaleyo ndlela ukuqinisekisa ukugcinwa inani elidingekayo kwamaphikiseli izingxenye yokudlulisela in isithombe nge ukunemba ezithile, futhi uma inani Amaphikseli kwakungeke kwanele, asikwazanga nje ukubona inombolo encane izakhi yesithombe.

Nokho, empeleni lokhu akulona iqiniso. amasampuli ithiyori uthi empeleni isimo asisihle okuningi, futhi uma senza kanjalo, ngeke kudingeke inombolo ngokwanele pixels ukuze senze isithombe esithile, khona-ke ikhwalithi yesithombe ngeke ziwohloka ngokuqhubekayo.

Bangaki Amaphikseli udinga?

Thatha isibonelo isimo uma kukhona isithombe imigqa 20 nje omnyama nomhlophe ngamunye kokuba ububanzi 5 pixels. Kulokhu, uma okungenani oyedwa kwe-pixel inikezelwe umugqa ngamunye, isithombe kungenziwa iqoshwe. Ngokwemvelo, uma pixels ningaweli ngokucacile ube isikhungo sombuso umugqa ngamunye, kulesi simo, ama-pixel ngayinye izovuleka grey, hhayi mhlophe noma lube mnyama, futhi umthunzi walo kakade ngqo kuzoncika indlela kwe-pixel ibekwe isihlobo emigqeni.

Uma isibalo pixels isithombe uzokwehla ke esimweni esinjalo, ezinye zazo zizonikezwa phakathi kwemigqa, ukuze umfanekiso livela ngaphezu iphethini ezokwenza ngokuqhubekayo iyashiyana lokho ukuhlanganisa uku isikhawu phakathi kwemigqa kanye nenani pixels. Yiqiniso, lesi sithombe ngeke kube ukukhiqizwa kabusha esiqondile sokuqala, njengoba isakhiwo njalo imigca isivele kubonakale kahle. Kuyinto lesi simanga ngokuthi "idatha amasampuli" emibuthanweni okhokhelwayo.

Yini okumelwe uyenze?

Ukuze uxazulule le nkinga, kubalulekile ukuthambisa isithombe ngaphambi wehlise inombolo yama-pixels. Ngakho, ungathola ngokuphelele lahlani emaphethelweni abukhali kulayini ngamunye, futhi pixels kungathatha amanani Intermediate. Ngamanye amazwi, isithombe siba ethambile, kodwa zaqhubeka umqondo jikelele yesithombe.

Kukuthinta kanjani isithombe?

Yiqiniso, sibuya futhi njalo isakhiwo emigqeni zingatholakala ngempela ezingavamile izithombe lezinto zemvelo ezihlukahlukene - yobukhona babo ngokuvamile kungagcini izithombe izakhiwo ahlukahlukene yokufakelwa ezifana izakhiwo kanye izinto. Nokho, noma kunjalo, ukujula izibonelo zalokho kungaba umxhwele, ngakho lo mphumela njalo kugwenywe ukwenza noma yiziphi izinto sokudubula.

Kuyaphawuleka yokuthi izinga umfanekiso ungaba ngokuphelele ezahlukene, noma ngabe inani elifanayo pixels. Phela, phakathi kwezinye izinto, umehluko phakathi izithombe kungenzeka ukuthi ibe ncamashi indlela eyatholakala. Ngokwesibonelo, kwelinye icala, isithombe kungenzeka kancane mitigated by odlula khona ngokusebenzisa ongaphakeme pass isihlungi ukuthola Lesisemkhatsini kwe-pixel amagugu phambi ukunqinda, kuyilapho esinye isithombe kungenzeka umane encishisiwe ngobukhulu ngaphandle okwenza kube ngaleyo ndlela akukho izinguquko ezengeziwe singayeki amanani Intermediate ngesikhathi imingcele lezinto lapho kukhona okushintshako kakhulu ukugqama.

Kanjani ukuhlola?

Ukuze uqonde ukuthi isebenza kanjani, nje ngokwanele ukuthatha isithombe, bese wenze ikhophi. isihlungi Original lapho usayizi inketho okuthiwa zokuhlunga bi cubic, elitholakala ku standard-Adobe Photoshop. Ngakho, isithombe uzobe mitigated. Naphezu ukwehla olukhulu endleleni the pixel, ushintsho phakathi tonalities ekugcineni avele bushelelezi futhi ngempela efanelekayo inombolo etholakalayo pixels.

Ngemva kwalokho, senza ikhophi izithombe incipha ngaphambili, uthi, kuze kube u-30% we usayizi wangempela, usebenzisa inketho "eliseduze umakhelwane iphuzu" e esimisweni esifanayo. Lokho lo msebenzi ekugcineni uzokunika umphumela izibonelo zalokho, okuyinto kuyobonakala.

Sample alalelwayo

Sample lomsindo - a zokuhlunga we wave umsindo ngaphambi uyakusindiswa njengenhlangano lwefayela yomsindo. Ngamanye amazwi, ifayela target akuyona ikhophi esiqondile igagasi umsindo, kodwa eseduze kuphela. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, isampuli umsindo ihlinzeka ukwehla elinqunyiwe ifayela ukulondolozwa, kodwa ngakolunye uhlangothi ziningi kunyakaza umsindo, okungase kungadingeki ukuba ube zizogcinwa kudiski kanzima.

zokuhlunga okunjalo umsindo ngokuthi "izibonelo zalokho imvamisa". Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi empeleni kuphela uhlobo akukho umsindo lo mphumela, Nokho ezimbalwa ukwazi ngakho. Izibonelo zalokho izinga - kuyinto ukunqunywa grid sicaciselwe igagasi umsindo, futhi urekhode izenzakalo ezivelele abathile kuphela.

Record ngokugcwele konke amaza omsindo kungaba nzima impela. Kungenxa yalesi sizathu ukuthi okuningi zingatholakala isimo lapho ezimbili isiteshi ekurekhodeni sasenziwa imvamisa zalokho 44,1 kHz. Lesi sakamuva avame abakhethiwe, njengoba lena ukhetho best.

Empeleni, uma ucabangela ukucutshungulwa umsindo, kubalulekile ukuba unake okukhethekile nemingcele ezifana esephepheni ukujula lesampuli, ngoba amanani aphakeme, aba maningi kusiginali yedijithali kumelwe ilingane analog.