Ifulegi elimnyama-eliphuzi elimhlophe - ngubani lona?

Wonke umuntu akafanele azi nje kuphela okwedlule ezweni lakhe, kodwa futhi umlando wokuvela kwamatshwayo ayo amakhulu embuso. Kulesi sihloko, singathanda ukuchaza i-Imperial noma i-National Emblem, ifulegi elimnyama-eliphuzi elimhlophe, elikulo, lapho libonakala nokuthi liyini.

Lisho ukuthini ifulege?

I-banner yanoma yiliphi izwe linencazelo ejulile engcwele futhi ikhono liveza ukuthi livelaphi. Lesi sibonakaliso esisemthethweni sesimo sombuso simelela isizwe, sichaza iqiniso layo elingokomoya. Amafulegi abonisa izimpawu ezibalulekile ezingokomfanekiso, isibonakaliso noma izakhi zalo ngabanye, okungokomthetho ongatshela ngemicimbi ephawulekayo yomlando, amasiko, izinkolelo ngisho nangomnotho nendawo yezwe. Imibala ye-banner ihlale inencazelo ejulile, iveza ubunye babantu, amandla ayo, isifiso senkululeko nokuthula. Ifulegi elimnyama eliphuzi elibomvu laseRussia laba uphawu oluyingqayizivele lwezwe elikhulu, amandla kahulumeni nenqaba, ukuzinza nokungahambi kahle kwemingcele yomlando we-Motherland yethu. Sizolichaza ngokuningiliziwe kamuva.

Umlando wefulegi yaseRussia. Ifulegi lokuqala lesizwe

Amafulegi kahulumeni, njengezingoma, aqala ukuvela emazweni aseYurophu kusukela ekupheleni kwekhulu le-XVIII. Kuze kube yileso sikhathi, bekukhona amabhanela ahlukahlukene kanye nemikhakha yemindeni ehloniphekile, ama-dynasties, izimpahla zomthengisi nezempi, amabheji ezinhlangano namasitolo. ERussia, amabhantshi empi-amabhanela ahanjiswa. Babevame ukufanekisa ubuso bukaMama kaNkulunkulu, uMsindisi nabangcwele. Babengcwele, njengezithombe, bavame ukuthandaza phambi kwabo kanye nemithandazo ekhonjwe. Amabhanantshi amaTsarist ayebhekwa njengama-banners kahulumeni, kodwa kuze kube sekhulwini le-17 babengenalo isimo esisemthethweni, ngakho-ke babevame ukushintsha ukubonakala kwabo, umbala nokuma. Kukholelwa ukuthi umsuka wefulegi yokuqala yaseRussia wabeka uThaar Alexei Mikhailovich, owakhipha ama-edicts amabili akhethekile ngo-1668-1669. Bayala ukuba baphakamise phezu kwemikhumbi yempi yaseRussia ibhanna elibomvu obomvu obomvu.

Amafulegi wokubusa kukaPeter Omkhulu no-Elizabeth Petrovna

Kamuva, uPeter mina waqhubeka nomsebenzi wokwakha ibhanna yombuso. Ngo-1693, i-"flag of the Tsar yaseMoscow" yaphakanyiswa emkhunjini wezimpi waseSt. Peter, owawuyizindwangu (4.6 by 4.9 m) ezenziwe ngezingqimba ezingezansi zembala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, obomvu nemhlophe. Efulethini phakathi kwepende legolide kwakuyi-ukhozi ekhanda amabili. Ngo-1699 u-Tsar ngokwakhe udwebe umdwebo wefulethi emithathu yombuso waseRussia. Ngaphandle kwe-tricolor eyayisetshenziselwa imikhumbi yempi, uPeter ngavuma enye indinganiso kahulumeni - indwangu ephuzi ne-ukhozi omnyama eqoshwe phakathi nendawo, eyayinezimoto ezine ezinemifanekiso yamachibi aseCaspian, White ne-Azov, kanye neGulf of Finland. Isigaba esilandelayo ekudaleni umbuso waseRashiya wombuso kwakuyinkqubo yokwakhiwa kuka-Elizabeth Petrovna. Ngomkhosi (1742), kwakhiwa i-banner entsha yoMbuso WaseRussia, eyakhiwe ngendwangu ephuzi nekhanda elimnyama elinamakhanda amabili, elizungezwe izihlangu ze-oval nezingubo zezingalo.

Ifulegi laseRashiya elimnyama, eliphuzi, elimhlophe - "umbusi"

Ifulege elilandelayo likazwelonke lakhiwa ngosuku lokukhishwa kwe-Alexander II. Wabheka kanje: ephaneli legolide lalivezwe ukhozi omnyama noGeorge George onqobayo ehhashi. Ehlongozwa ukwakha ifulege elinjalo, u-B.ald Köhne, owayengumengameli wezakhiwo zaseMbusweni waseRussia kanye nendlu yamaRomanov. Ukholelwa ukuthi kudingeke ukuba kuvezwe ifulegi elisha laseRussia elizokwethula isigqoko sezingalo - amnyama, isiliva negolide, njengoba kwakwamukelwa emnyangweni wezezimali emazweni amaningi aseYurophu. Kamuva, ngoJuni 11, 1856, u-Alexander II, ngokulandelana kwakhe, wamukela ukubonakala okusha kweNqamulazwe kaZwelonke futhi kwasungulwa kusukela manje ukuthi wonke amabhanela, izindinganiso, ama-pennants nezinye izinto ezisetshenziselwa ukugubha kufanele kube nengubo yezikhali zoMbuso waseRussia. Ngakho eRussia kwakukhona ifulegi elimnyama-eliphuzi elimhlophe. Le tricolor yasetshenziselwa ezinsukwini ezihlukahlukene eziyinkimbinkimbi, kuhlanganise nokuguqulwa kuka-Alexander III. Ifulegi elimnyama-eliphuzi elimhlophe loMbuso waseRussia lalibukeka njengoba liboniswa kulolu hlobo olulandelayo.

Kamuva yayibizwa ngokuthi ifulege kazwelonke kaGerbov. Ngokusho kukahulumeni, abantu abavamile, bebheka ingubo yezingalo kwi-banner kazwelonke, banamathele emasikweni nasemlandweni waseRussia.

Yini efanekisela ibhanna, evunyelwe uMbusi Alexander II

Umbala ngamunye wefulegi - omnyama, ophuzi, omhlophe - wawufanekisela ngokujulile. Ake sihlolisise ukuthi basho ukuthini. Umnyama, umbala we -ukhozi ophethe izinkomba ezimbili, wabonisa amandla ombuso, indawo yokuhlala, inqaba nokuzinza. Wabhekisela kokungapheli kwemingcele yoMbuso WaseRussia, kusukela e-Pacific Ocean kuze kufike eLwandle lwaseBaltic. Wabonakalisa amandla negunya ezweni elikhulu. Umbala wegolide (noma ophuzi) nawo unenani elikhulu. Esikhathini esidlule, kwakuwumbala oyinhloko webhanna ye-Orthodox Byzantium futhi kwaqondwa abantu baseRussia njengophawu lwezingokomoya nokukholwa. Umbala ophuzi ubonisa isifiso sokuthuthukiswa kokuziphatha, ukuphelela, kanye nokuqina komoya. Wabonisa ukulondolozwa kokholo lobu-Orthodox ekuhlanzeni nasekuqondeni iqiniso likaNkulunkulu. Umbala omhlophe ubonakaliswe ubumsulwa nokuphakade. Kubantu baseRussia, ubonisa izenzo zikaSt. George onqobayo futhi washo isifiso sokuvikela umhlaba wakubo kanye nokugcina umhlaba waseRussia, ngisho nokuzidela. Umbala omhlophe wakhuluma ngamandla amakhulu ommoya wesizwe waseRussia, ukuqina nokuqina kwabalandeli bezwe laseRussia. I-Orthodoxy, amandla angokwasezulwini kanye nobuzwe - yilokho okwakumele kufanekisela ifulegi lase-Imperial elimnyama-eliphuzi elimhlophe. Ukubaluleka kwaso kunzima ukugxila kakhulu: kwaba ukubonakaliswa kwesiko lama-Orthodox waseRussia, amandla angokwengqondo kanye nokuqina kwabantu abavamile.

Iyiphi ifulege: omnyama, ophuzi, omhlophe noma uPeter "tricolor" esetshenziswe ekupheleni kwekhulu le-XIX?

Naphezu kokuthi ifulegi elisha laseRussia, elimnyama nelomhlophe-limhlophe, lakhiwa ngesisekelo sezimbali ezigxotshiwe zombuso, ezithwala umthwalo omkhulu we-sacral, wawubonakala emphakathini njengezinga likahulumeni. Imibala emnyama-ephuzi kubantu abaningi baseRussia bahlotshaniswa ne-Austria neHabsburgs. Kodwa "i-tricolor ebomvu-obomvu obomvu-obomvu i-Petrovsky yayisondelene nabantu futhi ibhekwa njengombuso, kancane kancane ithola isimo se" philistine ". Ngakho-ke, kuma-70 no-80. I-XIX eMbusweni WaseRussia yayiyindawo okuzobizwa ngokuthi "ububili" besimboli sezwe. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kwakukhona amabhansela amabili: ifulegi elimhlophe-elimnyama elimhlophe laseRussia (uhulumeni) kanye nezwe elimhlophe, obomvu obomvu obomvu. Ngokuvamile, lo wesifazane wayekhethwa - wabonakala emigwaqweni yamadolobha, efakwe eduze nezikhumbuzo futhi wasetshenziselwa ezenzakalweni ezithandekayo.

"Petrovsky" tricolor - ifulege kazwelonke yoMbuso waseRussia

Phakathi ne-coronation, u-Alexander III wamangala ukuthi i-Kremlin ngokwayo kanye nomdlandla omkhulu wawuhlotshiswe ngemibala esemthethweni, futhi inhloko-dolobha yayihlotshiswe ngamabhantshi omhlophe obomvu obomvu. Ngokulandelayo, umbusi wasayina umyalelo, ngokusho ukuthi "i-tricolor" kaPetru yazuza kanjani isimo esisemthethweni futhi yaba ifulege kazwelonke eMbusweni waseRussia. Kusukela ekusebenziseni lesi simiso, ifulege "umnyama, omhlophe, umhluzi ophuzi" uye waba ibhansela lendlu yokubusa yamaRomanovs. U-Emperor Nicholas II ngomyalo wakhe we-1896 wahlanganisa isikhundla sebhansela elibomvu-obomvu njengesizwe esisodwa kuphela.

Ukubuyisa kwefulegi elimnyama-eliphuzi elimhlophe

Ukuqhathaniswa nosuku olubalulekile - iminyaka engu-300 yokuzalwa kombuso waseRomanov, kanye nokuguqulwa kwentando yeningi yentando yeningi, kwaholela ekuguquleni inqubomgomo ephathelene nemibala kazwelonke. Izithandani zamasisekelo ezinqunyiwe zathanda ukubuyisela ifulegi "umbala omnyama, ophuzi, omhlophe", owawuthinta njengesibonakaliso sokuvikelwa koMbuso waseRussia ezenzakalweni ezivusa amadlingozi. Ngo-1914, kwenziwa umzamo wokuhlanganisa amafulegi amabili - i-"Petrovsky" tricolor kanye ne-black-and-white-yellow "imperme". Ngenxa yalokho, kubonakala i-banner entsha, lapho imibala yayikhona khona - okwesibhakabhaka, omnyama, obomvu, ophuzi, omhlophe. Ifulegi libukeka kanje: ekhoneni elingenhla lendwangu eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka omhlophe-obomvu kwakuyisikwele sombala ophuzi. Kuzobe zidwebe ukhozi omnyama onama-amabili. Le nhlanganisela kwakuwukukhombisa ubunye babantu namandla, kanye nokuthanda izwe nokukholwa ekunqobeni. Noma kunjalo, ifulegi elinjalo le-eclectic alizange lihlome futhi alizange libe lizwe. Wasebenza njengesimiso sombuso esesemthethweni okwesikhashana - kwaze kwaba ngo-1917. Ukuchithwa kukaNicholas II, bese kuthiwa yi-Revolution kaFebhuwari, kwaqeda ukwethulwa kwemifanekiso yamakhosi.

Ifulegi elibomvu ye-USSR

Ngemuva kwe-Revolution ka-Okthoba, ifulegi lezwe lazuza ukubukeka okusha: kwakuyizindwangu ebomvu ezibomvu zamehlo angenamabhalane nanoma yiziphi izimpawu. Yaba uphawu lweNkululeko futhi yabonisa ukufika kwenkathi entsha empilweni yezwe. Ngo-Ephreli 8, 1918, emhlanganweni weKhomishana Yabantu Yomkhandlu Wabantu , isiphakamiso senziwa ukuvuma, njengefulegi elibomvu elisemthethweni ngezinhlamvu "PPSS." Ukuchaza isiqubulo esidumile, esabiza ukuhlanganiswa kwabalandeli bamazwe onke. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngo-Ephreli 1918, ifulegi elibomvu elinombhalo othi "IRussia Soviet Federative Socialist Republic" yaqashelwa njengefulegi lombuso. Kusukela ukuhlanganiswa kwe-RSFSR ne-BSSR, i-SSR yase-Ukraine ne-Transcaucasian Federation e-USSR, ifulegi yayiyizindwangu ebomvu zamehlo angenxantathu. Ikhonjiswe ekhoneni elingenhla isigqoko nesando sombala wegolide, futhi ngaphezu kwazo inkanyezi ekhomba ngokubomvu, nomngcele wegolide.

Ukusebenzisa ifulegi elimhlophe-obomvu obomvu

Kusukela ngo-1923 kuya ku-1991. Ifulege elisemthethweni laziwa njengalokhu. Noma kunjalo, i "tricolor" kaPeter yaqhubeka isetshenziswa kwezinye izimo.

Phakathi neMpi Enkulu yePatriotic, yena, kanye nefulege yaseSt. Andrew, wakhonza ezinye izindlela zokulwa neSoviet. Isibonelo, iRussia Liberation Army ngaphansi kobuholi beLieutenant-General AA Vlasov wasebenzisa ifulegi elincane elingu-Andreevsky elishintshile nge-stripe ebomvu ekugcineni. Qaphela ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwezimpawu zikazwelonke zaseRussia kwakuvame ukubunjwa okubambisana kwe-Reich Third. Kamuva kuma-70. Imibala emhlophe-eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka yayisetshenziselwa inhlangano ephikisana nobukhomanisi - i-VSHSON. Ngo-1987, i- "Petrovsky" tricolor yaqala ukusetshenziswa ngamaqembu ahlukahlukene ezwe, isibonelo, umphakathi "Pamyat". Ngo-1989, inhlangano yeningi yentando yeningi yamukela i-tricolor njengophawu olusemthethweni. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ama-monarchist kanye nabalandeli bezinyathelo zokuzimela baqala ukusebenzisa kabusha ifulegi elimnyama nelomhlophe elimhlophe lase-Imperial Russia. Ngo-1989, i-Patriotic Association "i-flag yaseRussia" inikeze isiphakamiso sokuqeda ifulegi elibomvu iphinde lenze ibhanna elibomvu elibomvu obomvu. I-Supreme Soviet ye-RSFSR yanquma (22.08.91g.) Ukubona i-tricolor ebomvu-obomvu njengesibonakaliso esisemthethweni sombuso. NgoNovemba 1, 1991, yamukelwa njengefulegi lezwe le-RSFSR.

Incazelo engokomfanekiso yemibala emhlophe, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nokubomvu yefulegi lanamuhla laseRussia

Namuhla kunezincazelo eziningana zembala yefulegi laseRussia. Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, ukukhanya okumhlophe kuhlonishwa nokuhlonishwa, ubuhle obuluhlaza okweluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ukwethembeka, ukuziphatha okuqotho, ukuthembeka nokungapheleli, nokubomvu - uthando, ukuphana, isibindi nesibindi. Enye incazelo ejwayelekile kwakuwukuhlanganiswa kwezimbali nezindawo zomlando zaseRussia. Ngakho-ke, umuntu omhlophe uxhumana noMhlophe, ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka - Omncane, nombala obomvu - iRussia Ekhulu, okufanekisela ukuhlanganiswa kwezizwe ezintathu - amaRussia Amancane, amaRussia amakhulu namaBelarusian. Kwakukhona nezinye ukuhumusha kohlobo lwamabala. Isibonelo, umbala omhlophe ubhekwa njengophawu lweNkululeko, i-redehouse, ne-blue - ibonakalisa iNdodana. Ngezinye izikhathi, imibala ye-"Petrine" tricolor yahunyushwa njengobunye bezintathu zeziphathimandla ze-tsarist, ukholo lobu-Orthodox nabantu baseRussia.

Esikhundleni sokuphetha

Ngakho, kule ngqungquthela, sibheke ifulegi elimnyama-eliphuzi elimhlophe: obani lona, lapho liphakama, nokuthi limelelani. Sifunde ukuthi amabhanti aseRussia ashintshiwe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi nokuthi yini ayimele. Asichazanga kuphela "ibhansela" likaPetru kuphela, kodwa futhi ifulegi elibomvu le-USSR. Futhi, eqinisweni, batshela lapho i-tricolor emhlophe-obomvu i-tricolor yamukelwa njengophawu oluyinhloko lombuso we-Russian Federation.