I yen - lwemali Japanese nge umlando onothileko

Akukhona nje othile igama lwemali Japanese imfihlo, njengoba emakethe angaphandle, yen ingeyesithathu udumo, yesibili ngemva US dollar kanye euro. It yethulwa ngo-1872, uwuhulumeni ophethwe Meiji, ukuze udale uhlelo elifana European. Isinqumo elihambisana esasayinwa ngonyaka uMbusi ngaphambili. New Japanese lwemali kusho ukusetshenziswa idesimali accounting system. Ngaleso sikhathi, izindleko eyodwa yen kuyinto 0.78 awunsi, owawungumnyaka okulingana inani nenxenye igremu egolide. Kusukela namuhla, kuba esilinganayo ungakwazi ukuthenga kuka 3.5 ayizinkulungwane. Yen.

zemali Japanese banknotes

Ngokokuqala ngqá e -Japan, zemali kwangena 1870. Babedalelwene zegolide nezesiliva. Esimweni sokuqala ihlelo kwaba 5, 10, 20, 50 Septhemba nokukodwa yen, futhi okwesibili - 2, 5, 10, 20 yen. Eminyakeni ecishe ibe ngu amabili kamuva, emhlane kwakukhona lwemali Septhemba 5, womshini okuyinto wasebenzisa ingxubevange zethusi ne-nickel. Ngo-1897, uhulumeni wasuka kwegazi yen esiliva kuncishiswe ubukhulu igolide. Kusukela ngo-1954, iJapane walahlekelwa amandla aso nesihlalo uyeka ukuthatha konke zemali, isithunzi okuyinto engaphansi yen. Manje ihlelo elikhulu zemali eJapane kuyinto yen 500. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ziphakathi eqolo emhlabeni, ngakho ngokuvamile kuba izisulu elinegazi.

Kuwo wonke umlando walo, lwemali Japanese wakhishwa imali yamaphepha etinhlotjeni letehlukene Septhemba eziyishumi ukuze ayizinkulungwane eziyishumi yen. Umzimba kuphela inelungelo kokukhululwa kwabo, i-National Bank. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi i-sonke isikhathi engunyaza uchungechunge emihlanu banknotes Japanese.

Okungaguquki lokuhwebelana yen futhi ukwazisa yayo

Kepha seMpi yoMhlaba yesiBili, futhi ngemva kwaso, amaJapane imali kakhulu walahlekelwa ukubaluleka kwayo. Kule ndaba, ukuze kube nesiqiniseko sokuthi kunokuthula zomnotho kuleli zwe ngo-1970, wamiswa fixed exchange rate salo 360 yen US dollar. Ngemva konyaka, ngokuqondene namanye ukwehla kwentengo dollar, inani layo kwaba kakade 308 yen. Ngaleso sikhathi uhulumeni uyaqonda ukuthi uma lwemali Japanese uyaqhubeka yenyuka intengo, imikhiqizo wezwe iyoba wokuncintisana kancane, futhi lokhu, esikhundleni salokho, kuzokwenza umonakalo ukuthekelisa kanye nokuthuthukiswa umkhakha wendawo. Ngenxa yalokho, Japan ngo-1973 waqala ukuthatha ukuhlanganyela ngenkuthalo ukuthengwa nokudayiswa lwemali angaphandle ku nezimakethe zomhlaba zezentengiselwano. Naphezu izinyathelo ezinjalo, njengoba kuboniswa umbhalo esemthethweni lokuhwebelana zezimali, yen Japanese baqhubeka akuqonda ngemva kwesikhathi. Uma ekupheleni konyaka ngoba dollar elilodwa US 271 yen, ngo-1980 - 227.

Isivumelwano "Plaza" kanye nomthelela wakhona yen

Ngo-1985, izimali phambili emhlabeni ukuthi nabahlaziyi sebekholelwa ukuthi US dollar is overvalued kakhulu lwemali. Ngenxa yalokho, liye esisayinwe okuthiwa sivumelwano "Plaza", okuyinto kwaqinisekiswa leli qiniso. Ngenxa yalokho, ngo-1988 izindleko dollar elilodwa kwaba 128 yen. Ngamanye amazwi, lwemali Japanese ngokumelene US, anda inani layo cishe ngesigamu. Isiqongo sawo sifinyelela ekuqaleni kuka-1995, lapho izinga lokushintshisana eneminyaka engu-80 yen dollar ngalinye.