Chamber Ratna EnguMbusi sika edolobheni Pushkin (phambilini obuwaziwa ngo Tsarskoye Selo): incazelo, umlando

Umkhaya Emperor of All Russia engaphezu kwamashumi amabili ayephila ngawo Tsarskoye Selo (manje edolobheni Pushkin, Petersburg), bangazihluphi Alexander Palace. Lokhu sithuthukiswe isimo idolobha elincane enhlokodolobha olungekho emthethweni wesibili isimo. Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kweMpi Yezwe I ngo Tsarskoye Selo kabanzi olwenziwa ukwakhiwa kwezakhiwo zikahulumeni kanye nezokuphatha, ibhalekisi namasonto. kwavela Kanjalo eziyinkimbinkimbi, elihlanganiswe neo-Russian isitayela ezivamile yezakhiwo. Mhlawumbe ingxenye enkulu yalezi zakhiwo unguMbusi Ratna Chamber. Kuyini lokhu? Kuvele umlando ezithakazelisayo zalesi sakhiwo ukutshela athikili yethu. Ngokuthakazelisayo, isakhiwo ekuqaleni eyakhelwe ngaphansi iqoqo Museum. Indlu Ratna, ngaphandle kokungabaza, ukubizwa ngokuthi kela inkazimulo lempi, ngoba lo mbukiso yayizimisele ezibabazekayo izingalo baseRussia. Futhi manje isakhiwo kuyinto Museum abazinikezele sihlukunyezwa kweMpi Yezwe Yokuqala.

Izizathu ukwakhiwa

Ngo nesishiyagalolunye namashumi unyaka weshumi nanye umfelokazi womfowabo we umsunguli edumile Tretyakov Gallery, Elena Andreevna Tretyakova, uNicholas II ethulwa iqoqo ezithakazelisayo. Ukukhethwa zobuciko munye indaba ephathwayo yezimpi aseke wahola ibutho Russian. Lapho kufanele abeke wonke amakhadi, Trophies, izikhali ezindala? Futhi lo mbusi wayala ukuba kwakhiwe iqoqo asinikezwa isakhiwo Museum, eye wakhetha ukunika igama "EnguMbusi Ratna Chamber." Kwanqunywa ukwakha umduli enyakatho ye-Alexander Park, eduze Fedorovsky edolobheni. Itshe lokuqala sabekwa phezu nesithupha ka-May eyodwa namakhulu ayisishiyagalolunye namashumi ngonyaka weshumi nantathu ebukhoneni uNicholas II. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ukwakhiwa Museum kwenziwa ngoba okuphe imali, Elena Andreevna Tretyakova.

Inxanxathela Feodorovsky edolobheni futhi neo-Russian isitayela

isakhiwo kwadalwa umakhi ovelele kuyinto S. Yu Sydorchuk. Yonke imininingwane ziye wavumelana Umbusi kanye neKhomishini. Umakhi wafuna EnguMbusi House Ratna ezihlangene ngendlela eyinkimbinkimbi izakhiwo, okuyinto ekuqa- yeshumi nesishiyagalolunye kanye eminyaka lwamashumi amabili, waqala elalizokwakhiwa e Tsarskoye Selo. Bonke babehlanganiswa omunye isitayela yezakhiwo. Russia ayedinga ukubonisana embili ne esidlule esikhazimulayo lwamaSlav, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo ukuze nesimanje ukubukeka ngezakhiwo kwakumelwe bakhonze njengabakhulumeli izidingo zokuphatha kanye nomphakathi. Futhi kwakukhona isitayela neo-Russian, okuyinto ehlangene Mostkom phakathi esedlule nesizayo. A imodeli ngokuba Martial Chamber of Architects wathatha Pskov-Novgorod eyakhelwe nane - eminyaka nesithupha. Phela, endaweni Tsarskoye Selo yingcenye ubukhulu ezimele. Ngezinye elifanayo izakhi isikhathi nesimo sesakhiwo esikhulu Novgorod Kwasetshenziswa esimeni eduze uTheodore Cathedral. Ngakho, okuyizona eziyinkimbinkimbi ukwakhiwa yezakhiwo ngokuvumelana ezimbili ezimangalisayo nomunye. Ukwakhiwa ehlobo nesikhombisa usuphethiwe.

Isakhiwo se-Martial Chamber

Ukwakhiwa kwehlelo Museum sisondela sina kakhulu. umfelokazi Tretyakov sika - umxhasi main - akuzange ngizisole imali. Chamber Ratna EnguMbusi sika kwakufanele kube esinye sezakhiwo ayisihluthulelo Tsarskoye Selo. At inhliziyo plan isakhiwo kuyinto ipholigoni ngendlela, egcekeni elikhulu. Isici ovelele kule Martial Chamber main wokwakha ezimbili storey. Kulula ukuthola isithombe embossed okhozi ezimbili ephethwe phezu olungaphambili lwesonto. Ngu isakhiwo main eduze ezintathu storey cupola octagonal isipikili ngumuntu okusezingeni eliphezulu Dome-etendeni. Lo mzamo wakhe ukuhlanganisa isakhiwo kahulumeni nge element zokuhlobisa kuphela ukubonakaliswa esiphezulu isitayela neo-Russian. Turret like ithumela umbukeli izikhathi ekhazimulayo esidlule ephakathi, ngokuxhumanisa amagugu pragmatic kwekhulu lamashumi amabili ukuba izifiso ezingokomoya Russia oNgcwele.

Onkulunkulu wenkazimulo Russian

Ekuqaleni Museum Tsarskoye Selo (Pushkin idolobha lanamuhla, Petersburg) uJesu wazalwa egcina ukuqoqwa E. A. Tretyakovoy, ngaso elithekelisiwe uNicholas II ngesikhathi ngeJubili Isentha ngo-1911. Lokhu ukuqoqwa kwezinto ezihlukahlukene wayehlobene ngu ngesihloko esisodwa - Izenzo izikhali ibutho Russian e izimpi eziningi. Nokho, lapho kwakhiwa isakhiwo Museum yayingakapheleli, kweMpi Yezwe Yokuqala Kwagqashuka. Ngokwe-oda uNicholas II, iSikhulu Putyatin, owakhonza njengelungu ikhanda lwesigodlo nesimiso sokuqondisa lapho Tsarskoye Selo, ucele endlunkulu umyalo yempi Russian iyiphi Trophies ekhishwe amasimu izimpi yesimanje. Esichasiselweni Museum is ahlanganiswe ekumeni of the amaqhawe kanye impi samanje, wathola engaphezu kwemibili kwasetshenziswa St George. Babhala kusuka izithombe by Sergei Devyatkin, Kirsanov M., I. Streblov futhi B. Poyarkov. Egcekeni abavezwe Trophies enkulu, isibonelo fighter German "Albatross", wadutshulwa phansi ngo-1916.

Indawo egcina amagugu esizwe seMpi Yezwe I.

Ngo-1917 kwaqedwa ukwakha isakhiwo. It hhayi kuphela kwaku embukisweni we Museum, kodwa futhi izinkulumo. Ngenxa yalesi liye ngokukhethekile ifakwe omkhulu ikamelo esinezitezi ezimbili ngoba izihlalo ezine, ifakwe izinto zobuchwepheshe obuphambili ukuze izikhathi. Kwakukhona ngisho esibukweni zokubonisa amafilimu. Ratna Chamber Pushkin ukuthi ngesineke amajazi izingalo zonke izifundazwe of the Empire, Russian. Kodwa ngemva Okthoba Revolution Museum uyekwa. Ngo isakhiwo Martial Chamber behlaliswe Club Petrograd Agronomic Institute (kusukela ngo-1923 kuya 1932), Bese benza ehostela umfundi. Ngemva kweMpi Yezwe II, lapho zadala khona umonakalo omkhulu ukuze isakhiwo, etholakala ezitolo Museum. Kuphela ngo-1970, iyisonto workshop sokubuyiselwa. Lokhu akwenza, okuyinto ukulondolozwa isakhiwo kusukela ekubhujisweni ngokuphelele, okwenzeka ngo-2009, lapho kwanqunywa ukuba ulithumele ubunikazi State Museum Reserve "Tsarskoye Selo". izivakashi zayo zokuqala kuvuselelwe setfulo yokutholwa eyikhulu kweMpi Yezwe Yokuqala.

Indlela ukuya Martial Chamber

Kunezindlela ezimbili. isabelomali Iningi ayokuthola Petersburg ukuya esiteshini "Tsarskoye Selo - Pushkin" esitimeleni. Kulandele sokudlulisela ikhumbi noma ibhasi. Kuyadingeka ukuya kwelinye izitobhi, "Fermskaya umgwaqo", "Academic Avenue 'noma' ipaki." I uxhumano lula kakhulu futhi okuqondile okuvela Petersburg kokuqala kweMpi Yezwe I Museum ngesikhathi abaqeqeshi. Machines ukuya metro station "Kupchino", "Inkanyezi" futhi "Moskovskaya".

Indawo egcina amagugu esizwe Amahora

Ratna Chamber Pushkin sise Fermskaya 5A komgwaqo. Lokhu nokuchaza isakhiwo "Russia ezinsukwini lweMpi Enkulu" manje elise. Ngena ngemvume ukuze ukushaja, kodwa intengo ongokomfanekiso. Ngokungafani iminyuziyamu kakhulu, esidayisa ku Martial Chamber uwela hhayi ngoMsombuluko, futhi ngoLwesithathu. NgoLwesine lokugcina lwenyanga ngayinye kule isikhungo kwamasiko siphela ngosuku yokuhlanza. Museum ivulwa yelishumi ekuseni kuze lesithupha ntambama, kodwa ehhovisi ithikithi uvala at 17:00.