Kevlar - kuyinto zokwenziwa fibre, igama zesayensi "aramid, polyparaphenylene terephthalamide." Ngo-1965, bakhula US inkampani DuPont. Ngenxa yamandla ayo okusezingeni eliphezulu (3620 MPA), a izakhiwo eliyingqayizivele zokuzivikela, ukukhanya isisindo ductility, Kevlar iye kabanzi emikhakheni ehlukahlukene. Lokhu kwaziswa khona ongamelana lawei umthelela eside kanye nezinye imithwalo, it is hhayi likhubazeke.
1970-x ephephile futhi enokwethenjelwa kwezimo ezimbi Kevlar ukubeka ekukhiqizeni commercial. Nokho, ekuqaleni wayeklanyelwe ngokuba Ukuqinisa ezimoto, ukuze andise amandla abo futhi ukunciphisa isisindo. Manje Ngokuqhubeka umkhuba yimpumelelo kanye kwagcizelela fibre optic nethusi izintambo ukuvimbela ukudabuka kanye eqine yabo izindwangu okuxubile - ukungadluliseli ukumelana nokusikeka namathonya athile. Ikakhulukazi, izindwangu ezinjalo zenziwa ukupheda zokuzivikela embethe abasubathi nezigqoko ezempi kanye Kevlar amagilavu. Amabutho emazweni amaningi emhlabeni ziye zamukela futhi Kevlar, usebenzisa impahla yayo mechanical, isetshenziswa elibonakalayo lempi imishini nokuvikeleka. Isibonelo esivelele ukusetshenziswa okunjalo kukhona inhlamvu ubufakazi uwumnikazi wenkampani.
Zonke imikhiqizo Kevlar babe ukushisa eliphezulu ukumelana nokuzabalazela acid kanye alkalis. isixazululo Excellent kukhona indwangu amagilavu kanye Kevlar: ekukhiqizeni enobungozi, okuyinto lihlotshaniswa amakhono ukusikeka ingilazi noma uthayela, contact unomphela izinto red-hot (kufika ku 100 ° C), endaweni yokudla, isiqoqi sama-softwe, ukuthuthwa ingilazi nezinye izinhlobo kubo umsebenzi Irreplaceable. Kevlar amagilavu nje owawenzelwa ukuvikela izandla kusukela ukusikeka phakathi, isibonelo, i-mass ahlabayo inhlanzi, inyama yenkukhu, inyama, izithelo nemifino. Ziyakwazi engasindi futhi ukhululekile - ezandleni zabo, "ukuphefumula", lugucugucuke ukugcina nozwela izandla bese uvumele ukusebenza ezincane, kanye nokuhlinzeka ukubamba kakhulu - ezimanzi (ezinamafutha akahle) futhi yomile. Lezi amagilavu ekhiqizwa umthungo futhi lobehlukene, ukuze wonke umuntu athole ikhambi elula. Kevlar amagilavu ingasetshenziswa hhayi kuphela njengenhlangano amagilavu abavamile, kodwa futhi njengoba inhlansi yethemba, futhi njengoba lobuchwepheshe. Abanaso zidinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile. Geza bangaba nobuhlobo naye babe at 40 ° C no-hlangothi yokuwasha, kanye nesidingo ukuze ome ekamelweni lokushisa. Ungathatha kubo elondolo uma ufisa. Ngemva Ukulisebenzisa ngokuphindaphindiwe futhi nokugeza amagilavu (amagilavu) Kevlar ukugcina izakhiwo zabo zokuzivikela, ukuma nokubukeka, futhi ngaleyo ndlela yempilo yabo inkulu ngokwanele.
kungase kutholakale kahle emisebenzini ehlukahlukene Kevlar isetshenziswa kwezemidlalo. Skiers, bamabhayisikili abaphambili, isithuthuthu bamabhayisikili abaphambili futhi i-baseball abadlali bayakujabulela ukusebenzisa Kevlar amagilavu. ukuqina, umthelela ukumelana nokushisa yabo ukumelana kunganciphisa isibalo sokulimala noma sizigweme.
Kodwa Kevlar kanye nezinzuzo elingenakuphikwa has ezithile. Emazingeni sezingeni eliphezulu (430-480 ° C) sekubola, kodwa ezingeni lokushisa okukhulu kuka-150 ° C uphelelwa amandla awo. Ukushisa izinga kanye nesikhathi Yiqiniso, nazo zinendima ethile. Ngakho, ngaphezu kumahora angu-70 ukuchayeka lokushisa mayelana 250 ° C Kevlar amagilavu ulahlekelwe 50% ngamandla alo. Emazingeni aphansi (-190 ° C), kunalokho, amandla kanye kuyaqina ayagcinwa. Kodwa ekuphileni kwansuku zonke akunakwenzeka ukudala indawo owawuzobhubhisa ukwakheka kwama-molecule ye Kevlar.