Tsunami ngo-2004, i-Indian Ocean. 2004-Indian Ocean komhlaba ne-tsunami

Thailand manje emhlabeni lihlotshaniswa hhayi kuphela zokungcebeleka amahle ethandwa, lapho ngokushesha ukuze uthole lonke abantu abavela emazweni ehlukene, kodwa futhi nge inhlekelele edabukisayo ezenzeka lapha ekuqaleni ngekhulu xxi. Lesi simo ngokuyinhloko abathintwe yinhlekelele. Ukuzamazama komhlaba Kwabangela i-tsunami ngo- Indian Ocean ngo-2004, thatha kuphela Thailand ecishe ibe yizinkulungwane 8.5. Ukuphila kwabantu. Ngokuvamile, le nhlekelele zemvelo uye waba elimazayo emazweni 18 emhlabeni.

ukundindizela

Ekuseni ngo-December 26, ukusikinyeka kwephasi okukhulu wazamazama ngasogwini olusenyakatho-ntshonalanga ye-yeSumatra (Indonesia). Ngenxa yobukhulu bawo, ngokukhamba kwesikhathi esikalini izazi kwakungekho esingaphansi 9 amaphuzu. Yaba enye sokuzamazama komhlaba okunamandla kakhulu ake alotshwa emlandweni.

Ubufakazi amandla ayo Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ngesiBurma Indian izingqimba zomhlaba, okuyinto ixhume ku esikhundleni indawo esiqhingini saseSumatra baye bathuthela kahle umuntu ekude. Mayelana 1200 km zohlobo sigudluke cishe ngokushesha lithathe ngo-15 m, futhi kanye nalo, futhi iziqhingi eziningi, eduze esifundeni. Lokho shift khona izingqimba zomhlaba wadala umzimba omkhulu wamanzi, okuyinto yaphenduka i-tsunami enkulu e-Indian Ocean ngo-2004.

I element of ukumangala

Ngu kuqondene imidlalo ebanga usizi, lokhu zithandwa kakhulu izivakashi zakwamanye amazwe futhi ephithizelayo resort esiqhingini Phuket kwaba sengozini ngokuphelele ngaphambi kwale nhlekelele. Iqiniso lokuthi ukuzamazama ziye zenzeka, nakuba kude ogwini, kodwa futhi Thais futhi zivakashi cishe hhayi wazizwa. Futhi labo abenza okuthile futhi wazizwa, akazange ulihlanganisa ukubaluleka kwayo.

kwenzeka cishe ngokushesha nje ngemva kwe-tsunami nokuzamazama komhlaba e-Indian Ocean ngo-2004 kwaba isimanga ephelele. amagagasi amakhulu eduze ugu olusentshonalanga ye-Thailand ngokukhulu ukushesha kangangokuba kwamanye amazwe baye bangakwazi ukwenza amasignali ingozi okungathi sína njengalokho. Iziphathimandla kwalowo State babengakaze babhekane-tsunami webutho ezinjalo. Ngakho-ke, akumangalisi ukuthi alukho uhlelo Ukuvikelwa nje alikho esibi. Abantu ngokuphelele akazange azi ukuthi kumelwe enzeni esimweni esinjalo.

Ngaphambi nje kokuba le nhlekelele

Akekho Kulindeleke ukuthi nesenzakalo kungenzeka emikhulu inhlekelele yemvelo, njengabo-tsunami e-Indian Ocean. Disemba 2004 kwaba yimpumelelo. Ikakhulukazi ekupheleni kwenyanga, njengoba lapha ngokuvamile ukusheshe ka izivakashi zakwamanye amazwe abafuna ukubona uNcibijane kuleli zwe angavamile. Kodwa ithemba iholide abantu abaningi, yaphenduka usizi.

Isimo sezulu ekuseni wayemuhle futhi wonke umuntu eyingoduso ezindabeni. Thais ozosebenza, futhi izivakashi aphumule amakamelo ehhotela ethokomele noma ogwini. Kwabonakala, lutho kubonisani enkingeni. Kodwa-ke kungazelelwe zaziletha ngokwazo umbukwane okungavamile phambi kwamehlo abantu. Ngempela yaba igagasi elikhulu. Amanzi kweso iphuma emuva kusuka ogwini, kusale umzila Amagobolondo, izinhlanzi kanye nezinye izilwane zasolwandle.

Abantu bendawo uzokujabulela lokhu yizisulu ezilula, futhi izivakashi uzama ukuthola amaphuzu yena eziyisikhumbuzo khulula. Abanye baye banquma nje sibheke le engokwemvelo engavamile, abaningi babo ngakho ayenokuhlangenwe khamera futhi amakhamera.

IPharadesi endaweni yabafileyo

Kuleli qophelo, kepha kungekho muntu owayengase ukubikezela ukuthi siyeza kubo abesabekayo kakhulu inhlekelele yemvelo. 2004-tsunami evenini ogwini ngesimo amagagasi abavamile, okuyizinto nje kwamanzi angajulile aleli zasheshe siguqulelwa izihlahla omkhulu ukuthi afinyelele 20 metres ubude. Kwenzeka ngokushesha okukhulu kangangokuthi isikhathi insindiso ngokuphelele kwakungafanele. Abantu bazama ukubaleka kule nhlekelele, kodwa, baficwe udonga amanzi, umane wanyamalala kuwo.

Abantu abaningi-tsunami e-Indian Ocean ngo-2004 e-Thailand wawa kulawo ababesondelene ogwini. Kusukela ayizinkulungwane 8.5 ayizinkulungwane 5.4 - .. Kuyinto izivakashi abeza lapha abasuka emazweni angaphezu kwangu-40. -tsunami amandla sasisikhulu kangangokuba namagagasi waya phakathi nezwe for amamitha angamakhulu amaningana, futhi kwezinye izindawo ngisho at ibanga 2 km.

izindlu Khanyisa abangu ukhukhulwe like ikhadi. Housing Capital Ihhotela wema, kodwa amawindi kubo ngokushesha wayisusa, futhi abantu ababesebusweni izitezi, kwakukhona cishe akukho ithuba lokusinda. Lapho kuqala igagasi zinhlanga, eneka ezweni, yonke indawo embozwe zazishintsha zaba nemizimba yabantu, Siphuleka izihlahla futhi isicaba imiklamo yensimbi.

Akubuzwa, ukuthi abambalwa ababezimisele nenhlanhla ukusinda ngemuva igalelo lokuqala izakhi, kwaba beshaqekile, okuyinto akukuniki ngokugcwele siziqonde okwenzekayo, futhi ukushiya indawo eyingozi. Kodwa akugcini. Wave wabuya 2 izikhathi ezingaphezu.

ukuphepha

Ngemva kokuzamazama komhlaba e-Indian Ocean ngo-2004 ebangele i-tsunami amandla okungakaze kwabulala amakhulu ezinkulungwane izimpilo zabantu eseholidini Thailand, abantu abaningi basazibuza musa noma ucabange. Futhi ngeze! Amabhukwana, enganikeza izivakashi eholidini emabhishi amahle ogwini Thai, phakathi kwezinye izinto, athembisa ukuthula nokulondeka. Kumelwe ukuthi sekuseduze kakhulu iqiniso. Iqiniso lokuthi isizini izivakashi lapha siphela ngenkathi lomisile kuphela, lapho cishe akukho imvula. Ngakho-ke, ingozi yezikhukhula kuyehla cishe zero.

Ngokuphathelene izintabamlilo zingabantu ezimbili kuphela, futhi abhekwa elele. Lokhu kusho ukuthi umlando obubhalwe cha phuzu olulodwa kufakazela ukuqhuma. Ukuzamazama komhlaba kulezi zindawo futhi mancane amathuba ngoba Thailand itholakala endaweni ukugadlwa ukuzamazama komhlaba ethule kule planethi yethu.

I-tsunami

Kuyaziwa ukuthi ukuzamazama komhlaba kwamanzi ngezikhathi ezithile kwenzeka ekujuleni kolwandle. Omunye wabo sokucasuka amagagasi amakhulu we-Indian Ocean tsunami 2004 ukuthi hit ugu olusentshonalanga ye-Thailand. Kodwa akusho ukuthi lokhu nganoma iyiphi indlela kusho ukuthi lokhu kuyokwenzeka kaningi kakhulu.

Ehlile amathuba okushona tsunami ngo-ezingwini Thai azinakwa. Uzenzela: engxenyeni esenyakatho yezwe ivikelwe nezwekazi Eurasia, kusukela eningizimu-ke elisemngceleni nge Malaysia futhi ihlanganisa empumalanga inhlonhlo ye-Indochina. It uhlala ukuya ogwini olusentshonalanga. Kuphela kusukela kulolu hlangothi kungavela ingozi ka-tsunami. Nini komhlaba elilandelayo cishe akunakwenzeka ukuchaza, kodwa singasho ngokuqiniseka ukuthi lokhu kuzokwenzeka ngokushesha kakhulu.

isaziso

Ngemva 2004 Indian Ocean komhlaba ne-tsunami ombangela-tsunami enamandla, Thailand wajoyina International Deep Water System. It yadalwa ngenhloso kusenesikhathi futhi isixwayiso uma inhlekelele isondela. Izinzwa izinhlelo manje efakwe ogwini olusentshonalanga Thailand. Siyabonga kubo, bendawo nezivakashi baxwayiswa-tsunami esondela futhi kungaba asuswe ezindaweni eziyingozi.

Uhlelo ihlinzeka izilimi eziningana, kungenxa yokuthi eThailand, abezinye izizwe aseqalile ukubuyela. Njengoba yaziwa, ibhizinisi ezokuvakasha kuleli zwe cishe umthombo ebaluleke kakhulu izimali zakwamanye amazwe bathele emnothweni kazwelonke. Yingakho yokunqoba okusheshayo-tsunami ezinjalo ezinzima kule-Indian Ocean ngo-2004 bonke zigcine zaphonswa.

iminyaka engu-10 kamuva

Kodwa le nhlekelele iye yabathinta Thailand hhayi kuphela. Kwase kuzoqala igagasi elikhulu ehlanganiswa ogwini of Sri Lanka, India, Indonesia nakwamanye amazwe 14, amalungu e-Indian Ocean Rim. Ososayensi balinganisela ukuthi amandla ingqikithi amandla isici yaba nkulu kunawo onke projectiles lempi amabhomu zonke seMpi yoMhlaba yesiBili, plus amabhomu amabili e-athomu kwehla phezu iziqhingi Japanese - lokho amandla i-tsunami e-Indian Ocean. Ngemva kweminyaka eyishumi, ayizange esungulwe inani eliqondile izisulu. imizimba eminingi kakhulu wathumba magagasi asabekayo. I-UN ikhiphe sibalo 230 ayizinkulungwane. Indoda, kodwa iqiniso wukuthi asisoze sazi. Esikalini nolokubhujiswa umane ezinkulukazi: Abantu abayizigidi ezingu-1.6 abangenamakhaya, futhi umonakalo lidlule $ 15 bhiliyoni.