Kuyini inkontileka ikusasa

Ngo yokuhweba exchange abathintekayo inqwaba amathuluzi ezahlukene zezimali. Omunye wabo, futhi, ngaphezu kwalokho, kuthandwa kakhulu, kuyinto inkontileka ikusasa. Kuyini futhi iziphi izici zayo - ke nje futhi kuzoxoxwa ngakho esihlokweni sethu.

Ingqikithi nomqondo

«Ikusasa» - ukuhumusha kusuka English lisho "Ikusasa" noma "ikusasa". Futures inkontileka (ngezinye izikhathi umane ukubizwa ngokuthi ikusasa) siyisivumelwano ukuthengisa noma ukuthenga into ethize kwinkontileka ngosuku oluthile olukhethekile futhi ngentengo zangaphambi bavumelana. Ekhuluma ewukuhlakanipha okwenziwe umkhiqizo ingaba ukwabelana, zezimali noma yimuphi nje umkhiqizo. Futures yenkontileka njengendlela uhlobo Kwathi ngoba kokubili abakhiqizi futhi abathengi ungathanda uthango ngokumelene okungekuhle ekukhuleni kwabo noma ukuwa e Inani izinsimbi wemboni, amandla nokusanhlamvu ibhizinisi. Kamuva, njengoba ukuthuthukisa lolu hlobo kuthengiselana ke uqalile basakazekela kwezinye izinhlobo ukuhweba zomculo. Ikakhulukazi, laqala ukusetshenziswa iphetha nokulingana indices, zenzalo, zezimali, njll Kukhona okwamanje ikusasa Ukuhwebelana Kunawo Wonke Emhlabeni, lapho nje kwenzeka share abathengisa wengonyama lo mshini. Isenzakalo esidume kunazo zonke lezi amasayithi kukhona Chicago Board of Trade, NYMEX (New York), Liffe (London), izinqaba (RTS kwesigaba).

Ikusasa inkontileka lihlukile phambili

Ukuthenga izimpahla inani lesikhathi esizayo okuvunyelwene ngaphambili, ungasebenzisa elinye ithuluzi. Lena inkontileka phambili. Libuye zithandwa, futhi ivame uthango izingozi. Ngokuvamile zimali imfundamakhwela ukudida phambili futhi ikusasa izivumelwano, ngakho ibonisa umehluko zabo eziyinhloko:

1. Futures sibhekisela kuphela ukushintshana ehlelekile.
2. Phambili ziyabophelela futhi ngokuvamile ngenjongo nokulethwa uqobo izimpahla.
3. Futures babe zezimali mkhulu futhi luqedwe ngokufaka ku reverse (okuphambene) kuya kuthengiselana.

Ufisa futhi kufanale agqoke izikhindi

Uma kuziwa inkontileka ukuthenga, okusho esiphethweni i-trade eside noma Long. Kulokhu, umthengi uthembisa ukuthi zilawule kusukela exchange eyinhloko amafa ezithile kanye nosuku ngenxa ukubulawa inkontileka ukukhokha Exchange lemali ebekiwe kuwo. Short - operation reverse. Lapho inkontileka ikusasa "ukudayiswa", umphakeli uthembisa ukuthengisa (ukubeka) ifa exchange ezithile, lapho kufika isikhathi ukwenza inkontileka, okuyiwona Exchange isuke kuye ukuthi ingakanani imali njengezwi intengo elicacisiwe inkontileka. Kulesi futhi kwelinye icala ngenxa ukugcwaliseka izibopho ungakhathazeki - lokhu kulandele ukuhlanza izindlu. Ngakho, zimali akubalwa ukuqinisekisa isimo sezimali counterparty.

timo letisisekelo

Ukuze bangena esivumelwaneni ikusasa, kubalulekile ukuba bazithobe -akhawunti Brokerage izibambiso ezithile. Le mali ibizwa ngokuthi i-margin kokuqala i-akhawunti ngalo yethulwa, eyaziwa ngokuthi i-akhawunti wekhasi. Ubeka ubukhulu okungenani Isula House, eqondiswa izibalo zanqwabelana futhi kucatshangelwa esiphezulu ukuphambuka nsuku yefa. Inkampani Brokerage ingase futhi zidinga wekhasi izingcingo yilowo otshale izimali e lemali enkulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iklayenti kumele kube ikusasa akhawunti, kumele okungenani ibe 65% we idiphozi sokuqala. Uma lesi sifo asizange sigcwaliseke, broker azokwazisa zimali ngesidingo imali eyengeziwe ukuze sifinyelele ezingeni yokuqala (ukushintshashintsha) wekhasi. Futhi, uma le mfuneko kuzobonakala, broker unelungelo nokuqeda inkontileka ikusasa ngumuntu operation reverse ngezithukuthuku iklayenti. Nsuku zonke ekupheleni le Clearinghouse ukuhweba session kwenza zokubala kabusha kwazo zonke izikhundla evulekile: kwenani lokuwina is uyasho ukuthi abatshalizimali yimpumelelo kusukela akhawunti kulabo abashonelwa. Futhi wenza ukulungiswa noma okushiwo yilawo mazwe kukhawulwe enanini eliphelele.